You might use emojis all the time , or maybe you just tap a few out
when you’re short on time.
Or you might be like me and use a quick ‘wink’ emoji.
But have you thought about why, and how, you really use them?
Or even how they might be influencing your relationships?
In a paper published this week in a journal called “Trends in Cognitive Sciences,”
a group of British and Australian cyberpsychologists argues that emojis deserve way more research
attention than they’re getting.
They say that the ubiquitous icons offer a unique window into human behavior -- and a
rich data set that can help us better understand how we interact online.
In case you’ve been hiding in a basement somewhere -- or you’ve just never moved
past emoticons -- emojis are the tiny pictures people use to enhance their emails, texts,
and online posts.
There’s ‘pile of poo,’ ‘smiling cat face with heart-shaped eyes,’ and of course,
‘face with tears of joy.’
Since their debut in Japan in the 1990s, emojis have popped up in virtually every social network.
And by now you’ve probably noticed that they’re especially useful for communicating
things like tone or emotion.
When you’re talking with someone face-to-face, these elements are conveyed by the pitch or
volume of your voice, and your facial expressions.
But over chat, it’s harder to tell if someone’s saying “GREAT JOB!” or “great job”.
That’s where emoji like ‘‘winking face’ or possibly ‘upside-down face’ can help.
So, what’s going on in your brain when you’re reading a message like that on your phone?
Is it different from hearing someone being sarcastic, or seeing someone smirk?
And are you experiencing your emotional response in the same way?
If you aren’t, does it matter?
These are the questions that cyberpsychologists -- and yes, they’re a thing!
-- would like to start finding answers to.
Some of that means hooking up volunteers to brain-imaging machines while they send or
receive emoji messages.
By tracking blood flow in the brain, neuroscientists can see which parts of the brain are involved
in emoji communication -- and see how it compares to in-person conversation.
In other cases, researchers can use social networking sites and observe conversations
with emojis to learn more about how we act online.
Studies have already found, for example, that people tailor their emoji use to match the
situation…which makes sense.
It’s probably not the best idea to send a bunch of thumbs-up or tongue-sticking-out-faces
in an email to your boss.
But your best friend on Snapchat won’t mind if you used ‘em.
To cyberpsychologists, behavior like this is just the beginning.
Chances are, in the next few years, we’ll witness the dawn of a new emoji science!
--
Speaking of your brain and how it works, scientists at Yale University reported last week that
they’ve figured out the neural circuits behind predatory hunting.
And they did it by turning mice into ravenous predators, with the flick of a switch.
Mice will naturally hunt things like crickets.
But it turns out that activating certain neurons in their brains can turn them into better
killers -- even causing them to pounce and chomp down on inanimate, inedible objects
-- like bottle caps and twigs!
In short: These scientists made on-demand killer mice.
Just so we know, they should wear T-shirts with ‘On-Demand Killer Mouse’ right on
the back!
The team made their discovery with a technique called optogenetics, which uses genetic engineering
to introduce light-sensitive proteins into select brain cells.
Then they can use laser light to excite those neurons.
In this case, that region is the central amygdala, the almond-shaped structure deep in the center
of the brain.
It’s often associated with fear and anxiety, but it’s also involved with positive emotions
and learning.
And so far, it looks like the hunting impulse involves two separate clusters of cells in
the amygdala, each with its own job.
One set of neurons extends into the midbrain, and controls the pursuit of prey.
Another set projects into the brainstem to coordinate muscles in the neck and jaw, for
biting.
The biologists figured this out by engineering mice so they could activate either or both
of these cell clusters.
And to verify that these clusters were involved with different aspects of hunting, they also
damaged one of those cell clusters in some mice, and damaged the other cluster in other
mice.
Then they gave all of the mice some crickets.
When the researchers activated the amygdalas of mice with damage to either group of neurons,
the animals performed only one hunting behavior well.
In the mice that had their neurons for chasing prey destroyed, it took 10 times as long for
them to start tracking down their targets.
And in the ones without the neurons for biting, the animals mostly used their paws to pin
down their victims -- which was much less successful tactic than using their jaws.
But when both neuron clusters were intact and turned on, the mice not only captured
the insects faster, they also started to attack wooden sticks and bottle caps -- objects they
hardly touched otherwise.
The animals didn’t eat more food than normal, or attack fellow mice.
Which suggests that the Yale team found the specific brain circuit for hunting, rather
than for hunger or aggression.
Put in emoji terms, you can think of their findings as combining this and this, to create
this.
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of Space SR Foxley!
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