all healthy human eyes perceive and interpret motion as specific rate this motion however
is not bound by a frame rate and it would be improper to describe the human eye as a sort
of camera which can perceive motion in terms of 30 or 60 fps that's just not how our eyes work rather
our eyes constantly perceive object motion as it happens which is why objects moving at very high
velocities don't appear choppy what our brain does do however is incorporate a great deal of
motion blur into the moving image motion blur is the effect that results from an object being in
motion during the time at which a single exposure takes place but hold on gray you just use the word
exposure exposure is a photography term so why are we using that word to describe our eyes if
our eyes are not cameras it's a tricky subject to explain Michael Stevens from vsauce already
explained some one of his videos I'll go ahead and let him take it from here very good question
what frame rate do we see the world in with our eyeballs I mean how fast is information travel
from our eye to our brain now here's what we do know the visual cortex in our brain usually
holds that information from our retina for about a fifteenth of a second so if an animation moves
at 15 frames a second or faster it's gonna look nice and fluid but if it's lower than 15 frames a
second our brains not fooled by the beta movement and it'll look like it's skipping so basically the
faster the frame rate the better everything's going to look in the end something definitely
worth noting is the fact that continuous motion as displayed via the mediums of TVs and monitors
at around 100 frames per second and above are typically more difficult to discern from one
another than their lower frame rate counterparts another clear truth in this matter is the fact
that as the frame rate of any video increases the ability for the human eye to distinguish
individual frames diminishes drastically past around 100 Hertz and yes while the well trained
eye can easily spot the difference between 120 144 Hertz it can more easily distinguish say 30
Hertz from 60 this indicates a law of diminishing returns when it comes to monitor frame rates and
the rates at which chemical reactions take place within the occipital lobe of the human brain
it's also easier to see singular non continuous abrupt changes in individual images let me show
you what I mean by that there this black screen and make a mental note of what color you see
when it pops up in the center got it now make a note of this color did you see both the colors you
should have seen where red and green if you saw both congratulations your I was able to perceive
individual images as they appeared for only one sixtieth of a second on a black screen so there
we have finite proof that Hume and I can at least distinguish 60 individual frames per second right
well let's try another experiment tell me what color you see now did you see it was the color
yellow congratulations you were incorrect the colors you should have seen were again red and
green in that order and each appeared again for only one sixtieth of one second so what's going
on here did we just confirm that the human eye could distinguish individual frames that exist
for only 17 milliseconds well yes but only under the condition that the frame change was abrupt
and non continuous you see when you're playing a video game on a monitor with a refresh rate
of 144 hurt and assuming a full 144 frames are being sent to the monitor per second you were
actually seeing and perceiving a full 144 frames per second there is no denying that however when
the change is between each individual frame our subtle for instance when your character is
walking around in an open world or when you're panning over an entire city those individual
frames are less easily perceived in the case of fast-moving high intensity scenarios as in the
case of csgo those individual frames are crucial because viewpoints and character movements are
constantly changing and fast paces it's why the individual flashes of both red and green
were very easy to perceive but also why the quick transition from red to green resulted in a mix or
blend of both colors resulting in the yellow this is indicative of those fast view changes quick
pivots and sharp character movements in csgo and other first-person shooters in particular which
is why higher refresh rates are generally more desirable in those kinds of games in the latter
scenario both the shape and duration of each color shown was identical so the abrupt change resulted
in a blend and thus a lower perceived framerate 30fps over 60 the United States Air Force also
conducted a response time test on their pilots what they did was have their pilot stare at a
blank screen and then momentarily flash an image of a plane on to the screen they found that some
of their pilots could identify even the make and model of the plane shown even though it was only
shown for one two hundred and twentieth of a second now while this test does the human eye
can distinguish individual frames at rates much higher than sixty Hertz it does not indicate
how many successful frames the pilots could see back-to-back so for example if the plane was shown
moving across the screen entirely in one second at a frame rate of 220 frames per second the pilot
wouldn't be able to perceive and translate every single frame it's simply too much information for
the brain to process in fact the moving image of the plane would likely give the pilot a headache
as Michael Stevens explains here's the thing if frame rates get higher and higher you wind up
with an image that can actually cause headaches when people watch it on the screen so back to the
point about our eyes tracking onto objects if I do this move my hand in front of my face and
track it with my eyes I can see my hand it makes sense but a certain point my handle moves so fast
that it's just a blur and the reason it's a blur is because my eye can only track so fast and when
objects move faster than our eyeballs can track your brain adds in motion blur that way we get
a sense of movement happening but we don't see something like a hand randomly appearing all
over the place so it's literally too much visual information for our brains to transpose without
incorporating motion blur which is our brains way of relieving visual stress racing games in
particular are notorious for incorporating artificial motion blur for this very reason
when enjoying a racing game it's a 100 frames per second the car the center of your screen your car
remains rather stationary with the exception of a few turns slides and hills everything else however
it moves a very very fast pace especially near the edges of your screen if these moving images were
shown without motion blur you'd likely develop an intense headache with time especially if you're
not used to such quick movements this would occur because you're forcing your brain to
convert 100 stills essentially into a conscious moving picture whereas in the real world your
brain would most certainly resort to motion blur to alleviate the potential stress involved with
the visual translation all in this video with one final trivial notion we've already concluded that
the human eye is not a camera and therefore cannot be measured in terms of frame rates or even pixels
however the next time you're riding shotgun with a buddy on a highway have a glance at a passing cars
rims individual spokes rotating hundreds of times per second eventually become all jumbled up by our
brain resulting in the illusion of no we'll spend whatsoever it's difficult to see at times and the
car in question has to be moving at certain speed but when the conditions are right it will appear
as though the car is simply gliding over the road without his tires rotating at all we can limit
this exact phenomena via a camera by tiny exposure specifically to when the next spoke of each rim or
the next blade of each rotor moves into the same position that the previous spoke or blade was the
frame before so if camera see it this way and the human eye sees it this way can we still say that
the humanized perception of reality is entirely separate from that of a cameras food for thought
what is real how do you define real if you're talking about what you can feel but you can
smell you can taste and see then real is simply electrical signals interpreted by your brain
so the next time you find yourself shopping for computer monitor ask yourself a following question
what kind of games will I play if your number one answer was first-person shooters off for the
monitor with the highest refresh rate possible and sure to pair it with a graphics card that's beefy
enough to output that many frames per second if that's a little confusing check out the card above
me other than that be sure to give the video a thumbs up if you like content give the thumbs
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