Hi, I'm Nô Figueiredo.
And I'm here at the Orquidário Paulista to record more videos with Reinaldo Ilaci.
Hope you like them.
I'm here then with Reinaldo Ilaci.
In Orquidário Paulista.
And now he will talk about fertilizer.
How to fertilize orchids.
Reinaldo, there are a lot of fertilizers here.
How does it work?
What is it for? How is it?
There are several types of fertilizers.
The first thing one must understand is that
Orchid fertilizer serves to Orchid and to other plants.
Fertilizers from other plants not do not work for orchids, okay?
So we have the organic fertilizer that the person known as Bokashi, popularly speaking.
There is the chemical fertilizer, the famous little ball.
Only this fertilizer ball here to orchid is an encapsulated fertilizer, slow release.
It is not the ordinary grainy fertilizer that people find anywhere, right?
And we have the chemical fertilizer, which is a fertilizer that you ...
It is usually a blue powder.
The color does not mean it has to be blue.
But there are many manufacturers and each one has its color.
So blue is the predominant color in these fertilizers.
Then you apply with these ...
You dilute in water and sprinkles.
Yes, yes! Each one will have its function.
Orchid in nature, it will be always holding onto the tree trunk.
And it gets food from the dirt in between the plant and the tree trunk and the root of the orchid.
Accumulates dead pet, dried leaflets, these things accumulate.
And as it is decaying it gives food to the orchid.
And another way that the orchid is fed in nature.
During the evaporation of ground water during the evaporation,
There are many nutrients that goes along with this evaporation.
Then the orchid can absorb it by stomachs that it has its leaves.
Then the foliar fertilization orchid in nature
It is made by that evaporation from the soil.
Many people when they walk in the woods
In a natural place, they feel kind of sticky and they think it is sweat.
But that are salts that are in the air, right?
From the evaporation of the soil, from the decaying of the organic matter that is the ground.
It brings nutrients.
And the orchid absorb these nutrients from the air through the leaves.
Smarts aren't they?!
Yup! Very evolved.
And here we have the fertilizers that are fertilizers used for orchids.
The Bokashi organic fertilizer.
How does the Bokashi works?
Bokashi is a mixture;
Castor bean meal, bone meal and basically fire ash.
And each person, each producer invents its own Bokashi.
Add something else to improve it.
But the great secret of Bokashi is that this material is purchased.
It is mixed and it stays from 90 up to 120 days resting, working.
It stays is a fermentation process.
When you buy this product, it smells like of baker's yeast.
It is alive.
In the case of the Bokashi I work, the company that makes it, they put a bacterium to make this decomposition.
To accelerate ...
Exactly, what happens?
Compost are organic matters.
The organic matter is decomposed when it becomes a mineralized material.
That is what the orchid can absorb.
Oh cool!
So during this process the bacterias act as if it were our digestion.
So every time you water the orchid.
It will start to be in a decomposition process and the next irrigation.
What has been decomposed is washed.
And the orchid can absorb it.
Then the Bokashi it is a living compost practically.
And how do you apply?
How often do you apply in the orchid?
Bokashi each manufacturer has its own recepie.
In case of this one that we work, they recommend every 30 days.
Then every 30 days, we put a bit of Bokashi.
1 dessert spoon, in the case of a pot this size.
Just a little bit of the spoon.
Dessert spoon and place it in the corner, in the edge of the pot.
Do it here.
On one side only?
This for a vase that proportion.
Always away from the plant.
OK?
It is always interesting to do this.
1 once a month I doing this.
Some organic materials as castor bean it decomposes faster.
Then it releases nitrogen faster.
The bone meal takes longer to decompose.
Then it will take longer to release the phosphorus.
When you make 2 or 3 loads, it will become a balanced fertilizer.
Because everything is decaying.
Got it.
So I will not always have that overload of nitrogen.
Because the phosphorus that is oldest from the other fertilizer, is now going into decay.
And every time I water this orchid, it will go into decay.
You can see that the vessel edges are full of roots, the orchid will get it.
First to fix it self to the vessel.
Second it knows that the fertilizer is here and it goes after it, right?
And the other way it will get to absorb this Bokashi compost
During the evaporation of that water, it will happen the same thing that happens in nature.
It will rise with salts and it will be able to absorb the fertilizer by its foliage.
From the evaporation of the Bokashi water.
How cool!
Then it has these two forms in Bokashi.
Respecting always what the manufacturer says, the amount.
And respecting the interval he says too, right?
If he says 60 days, read the product label and apply every 60 days.
And the biggest problem of these fertilizers here is that people think it is a genie lamp.
And they will want to spread around the vessel, because then it can absorb more nutrients.
The decomposition of manure spreading everywhere, it will cause the breakdown of the substrate.
A substrate that would last 2, 3 years, will last only 1 year.
And this is another problem.
It is that when the substrate starts decomposing, it changes the pH.
Changing the pH can burn the roots of the plant.
So one thing that theoretically would be good for the plant can harm the plant.
So always only on the corner of the vessel.
And you always put in the same corner, or not?
May vary slightly, but always near.
To avoid this process of destroying the substrate.
If I start to put on every edge, automatically will start to destroy the entire substrate.
And do you mix Bokashi with other fertilizers or not?
So, I make a joke during the courses.
I say that many people can not use Bokashi for 2 reasons:
First, the Bokashi when you water can release a sthinky feed smell.
That the neighbors might complain, or if is an apartment then will become a horror.
The other problem is that the Bokashi has bone meal.
And that attracts dogs.
The dog may lick the Bokashi.
The big problem is that the castor bean is extremely toxic to animals.
So what will happen?
Will cause much harm to the dog, will do damage or even kill the dog.
So if one does not use, do not have the possibility of using Bokashi.
We have these chemical fertilizers, that we call.
What is the blue powder.
This blue powder is a salt.
The way you enable nutrients, NPK, water-soluble micronutrient, is salt.
So what happens.
You mix this here in the water and you make a serum.
And you will apply in the plant what bacteria have managed to do.
A decomposed material.
This here is a mineralized material.
The plant can absorb.
So here it is ready for the plant to absorb it.
No Need to go through any process.
But the big mistake here again.
Is that people do not read the label.
So this here is a foliar fertilizer.
Foliar fertilizer is not to let the leaves more beautiful.
Foliar fertilizer is to be applied to the leaves of the plant, right?
So people buy foliar fertilizer, mix in water and watering the vessel.
What is happens with that?
The water evaporates and the salt will be concentrating on the substrate.
After a few fertilization, there is a very high concentration of salt in the substrate
Will burn the roots of the plant and will kill the plant.
Poor thing.
Poor little plant!
Then, you mix in the water and simply watering the leaves of the plant.
If it falls a little bit in the pot, no problem.
But the essence of making foliar fertilizer is to be applied on the leaves.
For it to absorb it by the leaves.
Is it better to use a spray bottle or a watering can?
So, the spray we use for economic reasons.
For those who have a lot of plants, with spray you will spend 100 liters.
If I was showering I would spend 500.
It becomes expensive for a producer.
A person who has the spray bottle and apply with spray, will always save fertilizer.
And will be more efficient because it will use less fertilizer and will not end up falling in the vessel.
With the watering can automatically will drop more water in the vase.
And you will come out more water, right?
Exactly, but this is not mandatory.
But the spray is better. It is better to apply with spray.
You spread better and you have a small amount of salt in the plant.
This is interesting.
Well, this topic is huge!
Reinaldo knows a lot.
So this video will be continued.
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Come visit Reinaldo here in Orquidário Paulista.
The address, website, phone it's all here on the side.
It is also possible to buy online, access their site.
There are a lot of news.
You can buy all these fertilizers as well.
You dispatch by post, right?
Yes Yes. If needed.
So, can you buy, for those who live far away, outside São Paulo.
Or who can not come here.
Can you buy by mail.
We wait for you in the next video.
Flowered kisses by Nô!