Hi friends, I'm Sonia and thank you for selecting this video because I have something extremely
useful to share with you today.
So don't go anywhere.
You know some time ago, I heard someone make a sentence like I don't have no time and that
sounded really incorrect to me.
I don't have no time.
Now don't is a negative word, no is also negative.
So can you have two negative words in one sentence?
That didn't really sound so good.
So I did some research and I understood that the correct sentence should have been, I don't
have any time.
Yes, that's what the person should have said and hence I'm doing a lesson today for you
on some versus any.
Okay, how do you use these two extremely simple words in your everyday conversation in English?
Let’s see how.
The first rule that you could say is, some and any, they can be used with both countable
and uncountable nouns.
Alright, now what do I mean when I say, countable and uncountable?
Countable is basically something which you can count like books, pens, people, phones,
these are things which you can count, countable.
Something that's uncountable could be something like, oil or water or happiness, pain, these
kind of things are uncountable.
They need to be measured, for example, oil and water, you would measure in litres.
Happiness and pain, you can only feel.
So hence, countable and uncountable.
Countable is something you can count, uncountable is a noun which you cannot count.
So let's look at a few examples here.
I need some books.
Now when I say, I need some books, just make a note here, books you can count them you
know, one book, two books, three books, they are countable.
Also when I say, some, it's indefinite which means I don't know how many books but some
number of books.
There’s no specific quantity but remember books are countable.
I need some books.
That’s fine, that's correct.
The next one is, there is some noise in the machine.
Can I count noise?
No, you can't.
You can only listen to noise but I can use the word, some to say that there is some noise
in the machine.
I don't understand what kind of noise?
There is some noise in the machine.
Noise is uncountable.
Do you have any food in the fridge?
Food is something that you can't really count.
Okay, the word food.
If you’re eating breakfast, for example, you can count the things that you are eating,
you know for breakfast.
You can count the food items but you can't really count this word food.
So it is uncountable.
So I'm saying, do you have any food in the fridge?
Okay, similarly the example that I gave you, alright, I don't have any time.
That would fall into this category as well.
So some can be used and any can also be used with countable and uncountable nouns.
Now let's bifurcate these two words separately further.
Some, if I talk about some, it's used positively, in a positive sentence.
I need some time.
If I say, I need any time, that's incorrect okay.
You need to use it a positive expression.
What do I mean when I say, positive?
I mean to say, there is no negative word in the sentence.
I need some time.
It’s a positive sentence.
There was some traffic on the way back home.
Alright, so if it is a weekday, it's a working day and it's rush hour, you could make a sentence
like, there was some traffic on the way back home.
Alright, this is a positive sentence because there is no negative word in your sentence.
So remember when you use some, you need to make a positive sentence without any negative
word.
That brings me to any.
Now any is you know a multiple purpose word.
It can be used in negative sentences.
Negative sentences will be sentences which have a negative word and also in questions.
Alright so multipurpose, let's see how we can use any.
My first example says I don't have any idea about tomorrow's party.
Alright, so I don't have any idea.
Imagine like that person whom I talking about, if you would say, I don't have no idea, hmm
that would be incorrect.
You know why because don't is a negative word and no is also a negative word.
You can’t really have two negative words in a sentence like that.
So remember, remember you'll always say, I don't have any idea or I don't have any idea
about something.
The next example I have is, I don't want any trouble, alright.
So for example, if you're a mom and you have kids who are very naughty.
So you warm them and you say, hey, I don't want any trouble now, alright.
Sit quietly and do your homework.
So I don't want any trouble.
You’re using a negative word here, don't is do + not, right and hence you’re using
the word, any.
The next example I have is, do you have any questions?
Now I'm sure you must have heard this question so many times.
You know if you attend a lecture, you attend a seminar or you attend a presentation or
even if someone is talking about their product with you.
At the end of it, they would end up asking, do you any questions?
Alright, why do we say that?
It’s because we're using any in a question.
Any is multipurpose, so you can use it in questions too.
Why have I used the word, do here?
Okay, remember when you ask a question in the present tense, where you want a yes or
a no answer, if you use you, so I, you, we or they, you would use do.
You can't say, does you any questions?
Okay, that's wrong, remember.
If your subject has I, you, we, they and if your question is a present tense question,
you want a yes or a no answer, you'll start it with do.
Similarly, does she know any good housekeeping services?
Alright, so over here, in the subject I've used she.
So if you're asking a question in the present tense, if your subject has he, she, it or
someone's name, you would start your question with does.
Alright, over here is you interchange and you say, do she know any good housekeeping
services?
Hmm...
That’s going to be wrong.
We don't want to do that.
So remember any is multipurpose.
I like multipurpose words.
You can use it with a negative sentence or with a question.
So that's how you can use some and any.
It’s so simple and easy to understand.
There are some more ways in which we can use some and any, so let's have a look.
So let's see some more ways in which we can use the word, some.
Alright, so some can also be used to make a polite offer or a request.
If you want to sound really nice, okay you make a polite sentence.
So for example, if someone's come to my house, alright and they're having tea.
So I could always ask them, would you like some more tea.
Okay, so I'm using the word some because it is a positive offer.
Remember I told you, when you use the word, some, it has to be a positive sentence.
So would you like some more tea?
I could also make a request.
I could ask someone, could I take some more cookies?
Okay, so remember some can be used in a positive polite offer or a polite request.
Similarly, some can also be used in a few other ways.
Somebody, someone, something, somewhere.
Now, what's common in all of these words?
Firstly, these are all positive words.
The other thing is we are not really sure, they are not specific.
Okay, when I say somebody or someone, it's the same thing, okay.
So in a sentence, you could either use somebody or someone, they both mean the same.
I don't exactly who the person is but it is some person.
Something, not sure of what but something.
Somewhere, I'm not sure of the place and hence I’m using the word, somewhere.
So remember, whenever you want to talk about something that's not specific or not defined,
you can use these words and you can use somebody and someone interchangeably and that's fine.
The first example I have is, I have to find somebody to fix this laptop.
So I’m not sure who, just somebody or someone who can do this work for me.
So I have to find somebody to fix this laptop.
The next one is, there is something in this box, okay.
So I'm not sure, I don't know what's in that box.
So I will say, there is something not specified.
Something which is not specified, I don't know what it is.
I'll say there is something in this box.
Similarly, I could say, she has to go somewhere tomorrow.
Alright, so if you have a friend and you know that your friend is going somewhere, going
to a place which you don't know of.
So you would say, she has to go somewhere tomorrow because it's not specified.
Similarly, remember I told you, any can be used in a negative sentence or in question.
So similarly, you can use words like anybody, anyone, anything or anywhere.
Anybody and anyone can be used interchangeably that's fine.
They mean the same thing.
Anything and anywhere, anything doesn't matter and anywhere, anyplace.
Let’s see how we can use them in sentences and in questions.
The first example says, does anybody know how to use this application?
So if you’ve you know bought a new phone recently.
You’ve downloaded some app, some applications on your phone and you really don’t know
how to use some of them.
So you can ask a question, does anybody know how to use this application?
Because here you are not really looking for a particular person.
Anyone, anybody who can help you, you know you’ll be glad to get that help.
You can use anybody or anyone here, both would be okay.
The next one is, do you have anything to munch on?
Okay, so this is a question obviously and that’s why I’m using anything and not
something and you know in situations where you're really hungry and you just want something
to eat.
It doesn't really matter whether it's a chocolate or it's a sandwich or what it is.
You could say, do you have anything to munch on?
I'm really hungry.
The final example I have here is a negative sentence.
So if you're feeling really you know dull on a particular day or you’re really tired
and you just want to rest, you could say, I don't feel like going anywhere today.
Let’s stay home.
Okay, over here, you can’t use somewhere.
It’ll be incorrect because you need to use anywhere in a negative sentence or in a question.
So you would say, I don't feel like going anywhere today.
Let’s stay home.
So how friends you can use these two words, some and any in so many different ways in
your day to day conversation, alright and make sure that you use them correctly.
If you missed out any point, make sure you watch the video and make notes while you're
doing that, okay.
I’ll be back soon with something new, till then you take care, keep practising, see you,
bye.