we're not just looking for a Time
criminal we're looking for a low-key A
variation of this guy in the Disney plus
series Loki the god of Mischief is
arrested for Time Crimes guilty of a
crime against the sacred timeline
absolutely not you have the wrong person
this confirms there's a Multiverse in
the Marvel Cinematic Universe an idea
that's been teased in previous movies
the next Doctor Strange movie is even
called the Multiverse of Madness but are
there real scientific theories behind
this fictional Multiverse I'm Professor
Michio okaku professor of theoretical
physics let's break down the Marvel
Multiverse
foreign
in the first episode of the series Loki
goes to time jail and is subjected to
this adorable cartoon orientation video
for Supremacy but then the all-knowing
timekeepers emerged bringing Peace by
reorganizing the Multiverse into a
sacred timeline when you watch this clip
you say to yourself ah come on I mean
this is just a cartoon it's science
fiction but believe it or not elements
of that are actually encoded in the laws
of physics we do believe that at the
beginning of time there was chaos all
these World lines colliding Quantum
fluctuations taking place everywhere and
out of that kmr classical World our
Newtonian World Isaac Newton said that
time is like an arrow it fires in One
Direction never deviates Einstein comes
along and says no the timeline is not an
arrow it's a river
a river that can speed up and slow down
the quantum theory says the river of
time can Fork into many rivers to create
parallel realities we Branch off
continually every time we make a motion
every time we move there could be a
universe where you have a twin brother
or a twin sister Another Universe where
you could be a billionaire Another
Universe where you could be a mass
murderer and believe it or not you can
calculate that number using quantum
mechanics all we physicists can do is
calculate the probabilities that these
universes can exist but our universe the
so-called secret timeline is the common
sense Universe the universe of Newton it
is the dominant timeline which is
singled out in Marvel Comics according
to Marvel Comics a few of these variants
that deviate from our timeline can
really mess things up and create another
big bang of some sort where these
multiverses collide right but does the
Multiverse really look like a bunch of
squiggly lines there are two ways of
visualizing the Multiverse one way is to
look at this long timeline where we have
the pass the present and the future and
like a tree branches keep coming off
there's another way of looking at it and
Einstein says that our universe is a
bubble expanding that peels off a baby
bubble or perhaps two bubbles Collide
giving you a bigger bubble and we think
that is the Big Bang most of these
bubbles pop into existence and pop right
back into the vacuum never to be seen
again and so the vacuum that is a state
of nothingness is TB with bubble
universes being created and destroyed
and that's why Stephen Hawking called it
the space-time foam out of this
space-time foam the chaos of all these
different timelines one bubble just kept
on going and that is our universe or in
the Marvel language the sacred timeline
the Newtonian world that we see around
us all right so surprisingly Marvel's
Cinematic Universe and contemporary
physics theories seem to align here but
where do they deviate it deviates on the
question of the TVA on behalf of the
time variance Authority I hereby arrest
you for crimes against the sacred
timeline the DVA are time cops they are
the time variance authorities they pick
out variants who will create their own
timeline which will gum up the works and
create a collision between multiverses
well to the best of knowledge there is
no TVA we are from the future right
what is the TV I mean it's from the
future it sounds from the future pretty
futurey right so what about time travel
then there's a lot of time travel
happening in Loki and in the Marvel
movies is it even possible I have no
idea when we're talking about time
travel here either it's all a joke or
none of it is according to Einstein's
general theory of relativity time travel
is possible we're good and in fact now
we have scores of solutions of
Einstein's equations which allow for
time travel so this is an active area of
theoretical research the quantum theory
resolves the whole Paradox question of
what happens if you alter the past to
make the future impossible the answer is
you've simply altered somebody else's
universe if you go backwards in time to
save Abraham Lincoln from being
assassinated at the Ford Theater you
saved somebody else's Abraham Lincoln
who looks just like your Abraham Lincoln
but your Lincoln died your timeline is
not altered you've altered somebody
else's timeline because the river of
time has forked into two rivers so
Marvel is taking some liberties with the
physics of time travel let's take a step
back and see how the Multiverse idea was
first introduced early on in the MCU
everything is connected
all nine Realms all nine Realms are
passing through each other and gravity
light and even matter is crashing from
one world to the other when you first
see this scene out of the Thor movies
you say to yourself ah come on give me a
break this is just gobbled the from
some Hollywood scriptwriter's
imagination but actually there's some
physical basis to reality in what he
said in Thor Comics we have the nine
Realms nine universes in physics we have
nine spatial dimensions and one time
Dimension and so having nine Realms in
Thor would correspond to the nine
dimensions of space in string theory
according to Marvel Comics one dimension
has the Earth on it and another
dimension has Asgard and what connects
the two is the bifrost bridge the tunnel
connecting parallel universes it is the
Einstein Rosen bridge in 1935 Albert
Einstein wrote a paper with his student
Nathan Rosen connecting two black holes
together a black hole is like a funnel
you take one funnel take the other
funnel upside down join them together
and then you have a bridge connecting
two parallel universes
any questions yeah can I have my shoe
back in Spider-Man far from home
Mysterio lies about being from another
Universe there are multiple realities
Peter this is Earth Dimension 616.
you're saying there's a Multiverse but
Peter's mind is blown if you read
Spider-Man comics you know that Peter
Parker is a nerd his true love is
science and he uses science to defeat
his enemies it completely changes how we
understand the initial Singularity we're
talking about an eternal inflation
system and how does that even work with
all the quantum
Eternal inflation that's an actual
theory in cosmology the theory basically
says that big bangs happen all the time
even as we are speaking multiverses are
being created that's called internal
inflation inflation is basically the
creation of a baby universe but these
baby universes are being created all the
time in this bubble bath of universes
each universe is perhaps with the laws
of physics slightly altered with the
flow of time slightly different you can
go to any physics conference where we
have Nobel laureates directors of major
Laboratories talking about cosmology and
they'll say that yes Eternal inflation
this Multiverse idea is the dominant
theory in cosmology today this year this
universe is only one
and talk about the Marvel Multiverse
without mentioning the sorcerer Supreme
and here we have Dr Strange hurled
through the Looking Glass Coral through
the Einstein rosenbridge to another
reality could different universes
actually look like this would the laws
of physics be so different the debate
among physicists today is can the laws
of physics actually change in another
baby Universe Stephen Hawking thought so
which means that our familiar Universe
Our Benevolent universe that we know and
love
may have different laws if you go
through a wormhole to a different
Universe dark universes universes of
chaos of universes where there's only
darkness no stars only Blackness stars
do not ignite in these other universes
Life as we know it cannot exist only the
chaos of Randomness exists in these
other universes is that possible and the
answer is yes that's a scary thought but
with new Loki episodes plus the doctor
strange sequel coming soon viewers will
have the Multiverse on their mind for
the foreseeable future young people know
it's science fiction for the most part
perhaps based on ideas from physics and
as a consequence they may decide to make
a career out of it and become a
physicist that's how I got started so it
helps to have young people being
thrilled by some of the ideas coming
from science because they know in the
back of the mind yes it is science
fiction after all but maybe just maybe
there's a reality that they can partake
of