So just to show you again, you've got the greater wing of the sphenoid and then you've
got this downward pointing process, the pterygoid process.
And then you've got your little hook, which is the hamulus, the lateral middle plate and
you've got the body of the sphenoid connecting in between.
So I'm just going to switch to a view, this is a view inside the cranium.
This now is the body of the sphenoid and this here is the greater wing.
So if I just show you from outside, the greater wing on the outside.
And then from the inside, this is where the greater wing is.
And now you can see the lesser wings.
So it's not actually that clear here, but the lesser wing of the sphenoid is here.
And then just anterior to the lesser wings, you have the ethmoid bone, which again, isn't
very clear, but I'll just point out quickly.
So the ethmoid bone here, you've got this little process pointing outwards, which is
the crista galli.
And then you've got cribriform plate of the ethmoid bone around here.
You can't see it on here because it's not very clear, but you've got little, tiny holes
on the cribriform plate where small branches of the nerves from the olfactory nerve penetrate
through.
So that's the ethmoid bone.
And just posterior, you have the lesser wing of the sphenoid.
And then this is the body of the sphenoid.
So just where I showed you the greater wing, which is lateral to the body of the sphenoid,
you've got these depressions.
This is where the temporal lobe of the brain sits.
So I'll just show you where the temporal lobes sit.
This is just lateral to the body over here.
If I bring in the brain, you can see how it sits in that depression lateral to the body.
This is looking at the body from a lateral view.
We just looked at it from here and now, I'm just rotating around laterally.
And you can see this little hallowing.
This is called the hypophyseal fossa and this is where the pituitary gland sits.
So the whole structure including this little protrusion is known as the sella turcica.
This anterior wall is called the tuberculum sellae and this posterior wall is called the
dorsum sellae.
Collectively, this makes the sella turcica.
And this little ditch is the hypophyseal fossa where the pituitary gland sits.
If I show you that, you can just see the pituitary gland, the pituitary stalk sitting in that
little fossa.
The word 'fossa' just means ditch in Latin.
So this thing just looks like a ditch.
So just to quickly recap, you've got the body of the sphenoid, the greater wings, you've
got the lesser wings and then you've got the pterygoid processes which stick out down here
pointing inferiorly, the pterygoid processes.
So that's the sphenoid.
So finally, you've got the occipital bone, which is this bone at the back of the skull.
It consists of four parts -- the squamous part, which is this flat bit at the back,
two lateral parts, which sits on either side of the foramen magnum, which is this big hole
here where the spinal cord comes up into the skull and becomes the brain stem and then
you've got this bit here, which is the basilar part just anterior to the foramen magnum.
So you've got the two lateral parts on either side of the foramen magnum, the basilar part,
which is anterior to the foramen magnum and the squamous part at the back, which is the
flat bit.
So just a few things to point out.
Quite noticeable is this big bump here, which is the external occipital protuberance.
And then you've got the nuchal lines, the superior nuchal lines and the inferior nuchal
lines.
And if you look inferiorly, you've got this little raised bit of bone, which is the external
occipital crest.
And then the last bit to mention is these things here, which are the occipital condyles.
These articulate with the first vertebra, the atlas.
So if I just show you that, you can see here the atlas bone articulating with the occipital
condyles.
So that's the bones that make up the calvaria.
The next tutorial will be on the facial skeleton, so the bones of the skull which make up the
facial skeleton.