Welcome to Englishgrammarspot. This tutorial is about the present perfect
and the present perfect continuous.
In this tutorial
I'm going to show you how to form and when to use a present perfect
and how to form and when to use a present perfect continuous.
Take a look at these sentences
I have worked since 5 o'clock in the morning.
I have been working since 5 o'clock in the morning.
The first sentence is in the present perfect tense,
the second sentence is in the present perfect continuous tense.
First we are going to take a look at how to form a present perfect.
For the regular verb to have and a past participle. A past participle
can be made by adding -ed to the base form of the verb.
For example
I have walked the dog.
For the irregular verbs
we also use the auxiliary verb to have and a past participle
but here the past participle has its own unique form.
She has driven my car. The infinitive form of the verb is 'to drive.'
A present perfect continuous is made by have and been which is the
the past participle form of the verb 'to be.'
We use the base from of the verb and we add 'ing.'
For example I have been walking the dog,
and she has been driving my car.
Please note that we do not need to pay attention to the regular and irregular verbs.
Now let's have a look at the difference between the two.
A present perfect is used for a thing, which can either be an activity or a state
which started in the past and has continued into the present. For example
I have broken my leg and I have talked to him.
A present perfect continuous is used for an activity that started in the past and has
continued into the future.
For example: I have been talking to him.
We cannot say: I have been breaking my leg.
we also use the present perfect continuous when talking about things that
are annoying.
He has been shouting at me for over half an hour.
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