uh i have so many test papers to correct
i think i should just start now
all right so
this is the first paper
and this boy writes uh this report has
three parts
okay and the first part talks about the
research uh i wish he had written this
report consists of three parts
okay
all right and the first part talks about
the research done by scientists oops
i wish he had written the research
carried out by scientists what do you
think is better research is done or is a
research carried out well as for me i
think if i read that a research is
carried out it's much better so carried
out is a formal phrasal verb that you
can use while you're writing a test
and many more phrasal verbs is what
you're going to learn with me today in
this lesson where we are talking about
phrasal verbs for formal writing stay
with me my name is michelle
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so as i have shared with you that we
need to use some very interesting
phrasal verbs to make your writing look
much more impactful so this way your
academic report or essay that you're
writing will surely impress your teacher
okay so let's start with how we will
introduce our report what are the
phrasal verbs that you can use to
introduce a report and just to remind
you phrasal verb is a combination of a
verb and a preposition
okay
so consists of
anything that consists of something it
means that it has something okay what
are the parts of it so consists of means
the parts of something
parts of
something
it'll be a great idea to start your
report by writing that it consists of
three parts or four parts whatever
number of parts your report consists of
instead of saying that this report has
three parts which is pretty boring you
might want to say that this report
consists of three parts
okay
more to introduce your report would be
to say that what it focuses on all right
focuses on means that what is the main
topic of your report
okay
so if the main topic of your report is
shakespeare's early life you could say
that this report focuses on
shakespeare's early life if you say that
the main topic of the report is
shakespeare's early life then it's
almost like you're speaking it right
there's no difference between speaking
and writing there
okay
the third option we have is devoted to
now again when we are talking about the
report and you're writing an
introduction you say that it has three
parts all right and that it focuses on
shakespeare's early life and you might
want to say that the last section is
devoted to instead of saying that the
last section talks about blah blah blah
blah blah you might want to say the last
section is devoted to a discussion on
shakespeare's early life
okay so devoted to means talks about
and it only talks about that particular
topic because it's devoted which means
that it only talks about a specific
topic so this is the way you can start
writing a report or an essay by
describing what it is all about so how
many parts it has by saying consists of
what's the main topic by saying what it
focuses on
and what it's devoted to by saying that
it's the last section is devoted to
whatever it may be
okay now we come to the body of writing
a report these are some important
phrasal verbs when you're writing a
report because i'm sure
whenever you write a report you
definitely talk about a research or an
experiment that has been carried on the
topic or maybe a survey so you could say
that a survey was carried out or a
survey or a research was carried out by
the scientists on this topic which means
that a research was done by the
scientists so sometimes we write that
also that it was done by the scientists
but that's not very impactful so you
might want to say that research was
carried out by the scientists which
means that it was done by them
another thing that you often talk about
is
causes right whenever you write a report
you surely talk about what led to what
so here you're talking about causes okay
and brought about means
cost when something causes another thing
so brought about means causes
so you could say that the recent food
shortages brought about a drastic change
in the economic situation of the country
which means that it caused or causes or
caused a drastic change in the economic
uh situation of the country
so you can use this to talk about causes
okay
the next one we have is came about so
came about means something that happened
okay you can often use this to talk
about discoveries which you very often
talk about while writing an essay or an
article or report
you say that the discovery came about
suddenly or the discovery came about in
1960
which means that the discovery happened
in 1960
right
now if we look at the next one it is
accounted for okay so let me say a
sentence and you try and find out the
meaning okay so
the unusually cold weather accounted for
increasing fuel usage
which means that unusually cold weather
explained the usage
of increasing fuel
so this means explained
which is actually talking about a reason
okay whenever you're talking about a
reason you write accounted for
so unusually cold weather accounted for
increasing fuel usage which means it
explains why the fuel usage was
increasing and the reason was
unusually cold weather so these are some
phrases that you can often use to write
the body of the article and these are
the phrases that you can use to write
the introduction now we look at the next
part of the article
and that is the conclusion all right
because you have a beginning an
introduction then you have a middle
which is the body of the article and the
final is the conclusion now these are
some necessary phrases for conclusion
because in conclusion you're talking
about the results the final results okay
points towards
when we use points to words it means
that it indicates something okay or
signals something so points towards
means
indicate
so you could see that the result points
that the suicide rate in the country has
been increasing over the past 10 years
instead of saying that the results show
okay so instead of show you can use the
results point towards an increasing
suicide rate in the country in the last
10 years
so you can use it in place of shows
okay now whenever you write a report
obviously you talk about other
situations or other examples that have
happened before for example
uh you're talking about you know let's
say you're talking about a situation
where you're using bear out so there
were some treatments that were done
before and you're bearing out the
effects of those treatments which means
that you're still
impacting or you're still feeling the
effects of those treatments so bear out
means to include the previous results
to include the previous results
so you could say that this report bears
out the effects of
previous treatments all right or
previous research
okay the last one that we have is what
we use most often for conclusions arrive
at okay you often use this phrasal verb
with the noun conclusion so you say that
we have arrived at the conclusion
whatever it is okay so you use it with
conclusion which means that you have
come to a conclusion so instead of using
come which you often use while speaking
while writing you might want to say that
we have arrived at a conclusion
it means same as come at a conclusion
now we are going to look at the next set
of phrases that we have with us the
first one that we have is attributed to
so we use this phrasal verb
when we are trying to refer the article
or the report that we are writing to
someone else so let's say that your
report has referred to shakespeare's
work okay which means that you have used
some books by shakespeare to write your
report in that case that you could say
that the work that i have used is
attributed to shakespeare which means
that it was written by shakespeare so we
often refer our work to the sources that
we have used while writing something
so attributed to means
refer to
someone else
the next one that we have is allude to
this is also used in the conclusion or
while you're referring someone allude to
means that you're indirectly mentioning
something okay you're not very clear
so this means indirectly mentioning
something
okay
the next one that we have is to put
something forward which means to put a
point across or put a point forward
where you're trying to make a point
so you could say that shakespeare's work
puts forward and you'll always write an
inverted commas after it because you're
taking a quotation from someone else so
if you're using maybe you know rk
smith's work you could say that rk smith
puts forward inverted commas whatever
quotation you're picking up this is one
way to refer to another author
so puts forward
you'll use it with
inverted commas
right
okay
now we finally look at the ways we do a
research so when you've written the
introduction you've written the body of
the article and you've also concluded
in the end you're going to tell
how did you do the research what were
the methods of research so did you do a
survey or did you do a questionnaire so
the first thing would be let's say you
did a questionnaire okay you did a
survey so you had a set of qui you had a
questionnaire there okay and you gave it
to everyone in paper everyone filled up
the questionnaire for you and you have
it with you now but after this you had a
personal interview
with all the people whom you gave the
questionnaire to
so follow-up means something that comes
after another so you could say that the
questionnaire was followed up by an
interview
followed up means comes after
okay
now factor in means to include something
okay so you could say that this report
also factors in the method of
questionnaire along with
interviewing so for factoring means to
include something
the next one that we have is narrowed
down so something was narrowed down in
this case while we are talking about a
research methodology let's say that you
gave away a questionnaire and you gave
it to the initially you thought that you
will give it to an age group from 18 to
30 but then you wanted to reduce the age
gaps you gave it to people who are from
18 to 25. so you'd see that the age
range was narrowed down which means that
it was reduced to 18 to 30
reduced to
okay
and if you're not researching and
instead you're doing an experiment for
your report or your article you could
finally say that the experiment was
subjected to strict control which means
that the experiment was underwent strict
control so when the experiment was
happening there was strict control
around it it was done under careful
supervision so subjected to means
something that experiences strict
control or whatever
experiences
right so you would see that the
experiment was subjected to strict
control so these are the ways that you
can write a report
here are the ways that you can introduce
your report for the body of the article
you can use these phrasal verbs and if
you want to conclude then these will be
the best ways and if at all you want to
refer to somebody to another author's
work then you might want to say
attributed to somebody allude to or puts
forward puts forward is used whenever
you're quoting someone else and the last
one is to talk about your research
methodology so these are some very
important tips for you i hope you really
clear that written exam that you're
aiming at thank you so much for clicking
on this video bye bye