Hello, everyone, welcome back to my channel, Sparkle
English, where I teach you how to improve your level of
English. Today, I'm going to talk about one of the eight
parts of speech: adjectives. You'll learn about adjective
usage rules when using adjectives, adjective order,
and more. Let's begin. So there are eight parts of
speech in the English language: nouns, pronouns,
verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions,
and interjections. We use these parts of speech to form
sentences. In today's video, I am going to focus on
adjectives. So what are adjectives? Adjectives are
words that describe or modify other words, usually nouns or
pronouns. Adjectives help make your writing more interesting.
For example, a handsome man, a cute dog, a delicious salad.
All of these in blue are adjectives. And they all
describe or modify the nouns after them. So we use
adjectives to describe our opinions. For example: ugly,
beautiful, intelligent, kind, insensitive, ridiculous or
stubborn. We also use adjectives to describe the
size: big, large, small, tiny. Or the shape: long, short,
round, wide, narrow, or the age. If something is young, or
something is old, or new. The color: red, black, purple. The
origin or nationality: French, Indian, English. You could
also say religion, if it's Christian or Muslim. Material:
wooden, silk, leather, stone, and the purpose. For example:
a sports car, a sleeping bag, a service, dog. Dog, bag, and
car are all nouns. But these words before them would be an
adjective. In this case, because we're describing the
type of dog or the type of bag, it's the purpose. So, for
example, I love my new black sports car. Here we're using
three adjectives to describe this car. So let's talk about
some rules with adjectives. Adjectives usually go before
nouns, for example: an angry boy, a beautiful horse, not a
horse beautiful. An interesting book, a kind
husband, a sweet cupcake. You'll also notice if you use
the article a or n, it will change depending on the
adjective. For example, we would write a book because
book starts with a consonant sound, but we write an
interesting book, because interesting begins with a
vowel sound. Now adjectives go after some verbs, so usually,
we use adverbs after verbs. However, there are some verbs
where we can use adjectives after them. For example, the
verb to be, seem, or any of the sensing verbs. Look,
taste, appear, sound, feel, or smell. For example, she was
exhausted. Here we have the adjective after the verb.
Jessica's dress is elegant. Jason seems content. You look
gorgeous. The candle smells nice. So these are some
important adjective rules to remember. Again, adjectives go
before nouns and not after. So we say a long trip. Not a trip
long. Relaxing music, not music relaxing. Another rule
is that adjectives don't change for singular and plural
nouns. So we would say a yellow bird, or yellow birds,
we would not say yellows birds. So you don't add an S
to make a plural form of an adjective in English. A fast
plane or fast planes. Not fast planes.
And the next one is a little complicated. ED adjectives are
different from ING adjectives. For example, there is a
difference between bored and boring. Adjectives that end in
ED usually describe emotions. They tell us how people feel.
For example, I'm tired. Carl is confused about this lesson.
Whereas adjectives that end in ING usually describe the thing
that causes the emotion. So talking to people all day is
tiring. This English lesson is confusing. So Carl is confused
because the lesson is confusing. The confusing
lesson makes him confused. And talking to people all day is
tiring; it makes you tired. I will do a lesson that goes
more in depth in detail about the difference between ED
adjectives and ING adjectives in the next few weeks. So
there is also a general order of adjectives in English. We
always begin with the quantity and then the opinion and then
size, then shape, then age, color, origin or nationality,
material, purpose, and then the noun. I know this sounds
complicated, so we're going to look at some examples. She was
wearing an ugly brown sweater. Ugly is my opinion. So that is
the first one in the order. And then color comes after
that. My grandpa has three little white English Bulldogs.
So we have the size than the color than the origin and then
the noun. I'm going on a date with a handsome young
Irishman. I bought two long purple silk scarves at the
market. Do you have a round steel frying pan? So this
might seem a little difficult for English language learners
because it is hard to memorize the order of adjectives.
However, the more you practice and the more you write in
English, you will notice when something just doesn't sound
right. This is just the more natural way that we speak in
English by having the adjectives in this order. For
example, if I said, I have brown two little dogs, that
would sound strange, you have to start with the number or
the quantity. Okay, so now we're going to do a quiz on
what we learned in this lesson. Are these sentences
correct? Number one, I bought a red new purse. Number two,
we went on a long vacation this summer. Number three,
let's listen to some music chill. Number four, I bought a
small wooden table at the furniture store. Number five,
this book interesting is you should read it. Number six. I
don't like my science teacher. She is really bored. Number
seven. My aunt has a farm with three whites horses. And
number eight. Your new hairstyle looks beautiful.
Okay, so let's correct these together. Number one, the
adjective order is incorrect. I bought we should say new red
purse. Because with the adjective order, the age comes
before the color number two is correct. We went on a long
vacation this summer we have the adjective long before the
noun vacation. It's correct. Number three is incorrect.
Let's listen to some music chill. We should say let's
listen to some chill music. Chill comes before music
because it is the adjective to describe the music which is a
noun. Number four: I bought a small wooden table at the
furniture store. This is correct. We have the
adjectives small and wooden and they are in the correct
adjective order. Number five is incorrect.
We have the adjective interesting, but the verb to
be is comes after the adjective and it should come
before. This book is interesting. Number six, I
don't like my science teacher. She is really bored. This is
incorrect. Of course, technically, you could have a
board teacher, but that means the teacher is like, ah, I
don't want to teach. I'm bored. We want to say the
teacher is boring. Let's say the teacher talks and talks
and talks. Her lesson plan is not interesting. It is boring.
Number seven is also incorrect. My aunt has a farm
with three whites horses. We just say white horses.
Remember, we don't make adjectives plural. They always
stay the same. Finally, number eight. Your new hairstyle
looks beautiful. This is correct. Here we have two
adjectives. We have new, which describes the noun hairstyle
and it comes before the noun. And then we have beautiful.
We're describing the hairstyle but we're using it after one
of those verbs that you can use adjectives after. So this
is correct. Okay, so let me know in the comment section
how many you got correct out of eight. I will be doing more
lessons in the future on adjectives, and a more
difficult quiz for practicing word order of adjectives. Make
sure to subscribe to Sparkle English for more videos like
this one and I will see you in my next lesson.