Hello, statistics students and welcome to Statistics with JASP for Beginners. These
videos are intended for people who want to become familiar with JASP, and learn
how to use it for statistical analysis. I'm going to begin by showing you around
the JASP workspace, so open JASP on your computer, and we will get started.
JASP opens to this lovely welcome screen (or splash page). Now there's not much to
see yet. There's an option to load more modules, some icons that have been dimmed,
and this pancake stack which is the main menu icon. Now by way of getting
introduced, click on this "About" option. Here you see the most current version of
JASP: Version 0.12. Chances are that when you look at your own computer
Whatever version number you see is going to be different than what you see here,
and that is because JASP is still being developed at breakneck speed and it is
continually adding new features in updates. Now this ongoing development is
nothing to be concerned about. I am going to be showing you the most stable
features, so what you learn here will apply with later versions; however, when
JASP issues an update, as long as you are connected to the Internet, you will be
notified that a new version is available. Click to open the JASP website
and download the version appropriate to your operating system. Now if you are a
statistics student, chances are very good that in the near future you will create,
collect, inherit, or be gifted some data of your very own, and that data may come
in one of multiple formats. Well, I just so happen to have some datasets right
here on my desktop. Let's open one of them. In the main menu, click on open and
you will see that we have four options for opening data. Begin with the Computer
I have files on the desktop. Try opening this Excel file... it does not work. You see,
Excel files are troublesome for a number of reasons, so if you use Excel to
collect your dat,a be sure that you save your data to the desktop as a comma
separated values or .CSV file. JASP can also open a .DAT file. You can open
datasets that were created by the popular SPSS program. These files are
saved as a .SAV file. The advantage to using SPSS files is that JASP will import all of the
variable and value labels. If you do not have SPSS installed on your computer, you
will not be able to see the icon, but you will still be able to open the SPSS
dataset. Because we have now opened a dataset from the desktop, any recently
used datasets will appear in the recent files panel. If you move your data to
another folder on your computer, however, JASP will have trouble finding it, so I
recommend keeping a special folder - perhaps in your computer Documents
folder - for all of the files that you receive in your stats course. Now this
option is interesting: OSF. That stands for the Open Science
Framework. OSF is a project where you can upload, download, & share actual
research data, and you can collaborate with others on research projects. Anyone
can create a free OSF account. If you do not have one, I'd encourage you to get
one, or at least check out the website to see what it can do. There's one more type
of file that we're interested in: the example data sets that come
pre-installed in the JASP data library.
So let's review how we got here: we started with main menu -> open -> data
library. So to make our lives easier, JASP gives us plenty of example data sets to
use, and these data sets are organized by the type of analysis for which they are
most suitable. You may ask yourself: "where do these data sets come from?" And you may
tell yourself: "I bet that Andy Field has something to do with this." And you would
be right ;same as it ever was. Many of these data sets come from two
statistics textbooks: Andy Field's DiscoveringDstatistics using IBM SPSS
Statistics and Introduction to the Practice of Statistics by Moore, McCabe,
and Craig. If you are using either of these textbooks in your stats class, then
you will read about these data sets in your text... but regardless, all of us can
still open, use, save, & modify these data sets, with the caveat that data - like
other original works - is protected by copyright. So enough talk, for this to be
any fun at all, we need some data. Now because we're exploring the workspace, it
doesn't really matter which dataset we open, so let's use this data set at the
bottom of the list: debug data set. This view will look familiar to anyone who
has ever used Excel, SPSS, or any other spreadsheet program. These, of course, are
the raw data. You can scroll through your data in any direction: up, up, down, down,
left, right, left, right, B, A. You can grab the top bar to move the panel around on
your desktop. The entire panel can be resized, as well.
Our data are presented in a set of rows and columns,
not unlike we would see in Excel, or in SPSS. Of course, as we proceed, we may need
to edit something about these data points. Perhaps we want to correct one of
the values. Let's change this first participant number from number 1 to
number 1000. Double-click on this data point to select it for editing. We are
presented with a dialog box explaining that this is a read-only data file and
in order for us to edit, we need to find the file on our computer, or generate a
new one. So, you see, the datasets that are included with JASP are locked down and
cannot be edited, therefore we need a version that we CAN edit. Click on
"generate data file", Save the new file to our desktop. When
you do, the .CSV opens. "CSV" stands for comma separated values and will likely
open in Excel, unless you have some other spreadsheet program that you use.
From this point forward, you will be able to edit the data in Excel. Change the
first participant number to 1000, flip back to JASP, and... notice that this
change has not been recorded. We need to save all changes in Excel.
And now we see it reflected in JASP. Let's do one more thing: click on the
main menu icon -> save as -> computer -> desktop and save it as "debug"
The data have been saved to the desktop in a new format: the JASP file format.
This file format saves our data, any analyses that we run, and the results.
So this will be your workflow: when you collect data, import your data from the
.CSV (or other file format) but save it as a JASP data file, and do all further
analyses in that JASP data file. Double click on data points to edit them in a
.CSV, but then save them back into JASP. So most of the excitement in JASP is going
to take place in these two panes. On the left, we have the Analysis Pane and on
the right, we have the Results Pane. As you can see, I have already done an
analysis and I'll have the results visible. This is our first view of the
JASP progressive disclosure. Any adjustments that we make in the analysis
pane appear immediately in the results pane.
All of the analyses are organized within these icons. Each new analysis is added
below the most recent analysis. Click on Descriptives. This opens a new pane.
All we need to do is enter some variables. There are three ways to move a
variable into the analysis panel. Number 1: click and drag. Click on the contBinom
variable and drag it into the variables panel.
Number 2: the triangle. Click on the ordinal variable facFive, and then
click on the right facing triangle between the panels to move this variable
into the variables panel. You can also move it out of the variables panel this
same way. And C: double-click. Double click on the continuous variable contNormal
and move it into the variables panel. Now that we have nominal, ordinal, and scale
variables, let's add a nominal text variable. Select the facGender variable and
move it into the variables box in the way that you like best. With each new
variable, notice the new results added to the original table in the results pane.
Again, this is called progressive disclosure. I would like this nominal
text variable to be right next to the nominal variable. Simply drag it below
the nominal variable. Notice the changes to the table. Now three of these
variables are nominal or ordinal, so click on the frequency table option.
Notice that we get three new frequency tables, one for each nominal or ordinal
variable, but not for the scale variable. You can also notice the differences
between the type of information that JASP provides automatically for each
type of variable. Because we set the level of measurement, JASP knows exactly
what to to with our data. Click the disclosure triangle next to Plots.
Without explaining all of these options, I can simply click on them to see what
they do. A quick note about terminology: now, in Europe you, might say that we
"tick" or "untick" the boxes. In Americ,a we "check" and "uncheck" them. I'll probably
move back and forth between those two terms.
You will notice that some of these plots look like they might mean something, and
others do not. Some plots run only on the categorical
variables and not on the scale variable. The important thing to know here is that
you cannot mess up the analysis. If a plot doesn't look right, you can simply
turn it off: untick that box. Now click (or tick) the disclosure triangle next to
Statistics. We are presented with a variety of options. What do they all mean?
Maybe you could use some help? Scroll to the top of the analysis and
click on the blue letter "I". Here we see all of the available options, along with
a description of what they do. Now this box can be an ever-present help in times
of statistical trouble. Go ahead and close the help box. What are the other
options? The black pencil allows us to edit the title of this analysis. That can
be very useful when running multiple analyses. The green plus sign duplicates
an analysis. I love to use this when I'm building regression models. And the red X
removes the analysis completely.
The disclosure triangle next to the analysis name hides, or shows, the current
analysis. If you select other analyses, the results window scrolls to the top of
that window. And what about our data? Where did our numbers go? Well, they are
still right here. Tick the disclosure triangle to show them
Holding the part of the bar with the three dots allows you to slide and
adjust the panes. The triangles almost always work to show or hide a pane in
its entirety. Any changes that you make to the value labels will then be
reflected in the tables in the results pane. So we should wrap up this video
with one last skill: we made some changes to that debug data set that came
pre-installed with JASP. Click on the main menu icon -> Save. Now quit JASP by clicking
on the red circle (or the red X, depending upon your operating system). Later, when we
reopen our debug data set, not only the data, but also all of the
work that we have done have been saved for us. This has been a thorough
introduction to the JASP workspace. Next time, we will learn an important
skill for handling data, beginning by setting variables in JASP.