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hi everybody my name is alicia today i'm
going to talk about how to pronounce the
ending e d sound in past tense regular
verbs so i'm going to talk about how to
make the three different sounds that we
use um when we're using the past tense
forms of these verbs so let's get
started okay so uh as i said this is for
regular past tense verbs so verbs which
take an e-d ending
verbs which don't take an e-d ending in
the past tense i'm not going to talk
about those in this lesson just e-d
ending verbs so past tense conjugations
okay so there are three different
pronunciations that we use for this ed
sound i'm going to talk about each one
and kind of a rule that can help you as
you try to decide the best or the most
correct pronunciation
okay let's first look at a t ending
sound so by this t i mean a t sound at
the end of the verb so a few examples uh
first is walked second talked and typed
so walked talked typed you can hear the
e d sound at the end of each verb
it's spelled e d but the pronunciation
is a t sound so walked talked typed
we make a t sound
so the rule for this why do we use the t
sound here
when we're looking at the infinitive
form of the verb so remember the
infinitive form is like the basic form
of the verb i have it underlined in
black here if the infinitive
ends in an unvoiced sound
we use this t pronunciation so i'll talk
about unvoiced in just a moment here but
in this case the infinitive forms are
walk talk and type walk talk and type so
the ending sounds
here so these are called unvoiced sounds
so
um
for this point and for some points in
the rest of this lesson it's useful to
know the difference between a voiced
sound and an unvoiced sound so a voiced
sound is a sound that we make using our
vocal cords so the if you put your hand
on your throat and you can feel your
vocal cords moving like activated that's
a voiced sound an unvoiced sound however
is a sound we make without using our
vocal cords something that doesn't
require us to activate
our vocal cords
so i said in this case for the t sound
we use this sound for infinitives which
end in an unvoiced sound meaning our
vocal chords are not activated so here
as i said walk ends in a
sound talk ends in a k sound and type
ends in a sound so for k sounds and
sounds our vocal chords are not
activated we're not using our vocal
chords to make this sound so we apply a
t sound for the end of the verb when
we're conjugating into past tense so
this is the first type of pronunciation
for today okay let's look at the second
type for today the second type is this d
ending sound and by d i mean it like a
soft d sound so a few examples
i have smelled
breathed
whispered
lied
booed and kneed so in each of these you
can hear there's this soft d sound for
the ending not an e d sound ed
but a d sound a soft d sound so in this
case how do we know that we should use a
d sound at the end of these
in this case we should use this sound
for infinitives which end in a voiced
sound so as we learned up here
voiced sounds are sounds that require us
to activate our vocal cords so in this
case
uh the end of the infinitive form here
smell is the infinitive so the ending
sound
requires vocal chord activation so i'm
using my vocal chords to make an uh
sound here same thing with breathe
this th sound at the end the i have to
use my vocal chords to make this sound
next one whisper the er sound here uses
my vocal cords so i'm using the d
whispered
we see the same thing the last three
examples i have here use vowel sounds at
the end so lied booed need these are
voiced sounds so we need to use a d
sound to end uh to end the word
so this is when we use the d ending okay
let's look at the last type over here
the last type is this id ending it's
like an id sound let's look at some
examples so here i have wanted
pleaded and started
these are all examples of infinitives
that end in a t or a d sound so here the
infinitive form of my first example want
ends in a t sound
my second example plead ends in a d
sound and my third example uh start ends
in a t sound as well so for infinitives
which end in an or a d sound a t or a d
sound we use this id ending so wanted
pleaded started
so these are the three types of ending
ed sound
pronunciations so if you're having
trouble
trying to decide how to pronounce
an ed sound you can kind of think of
these rules uh to help you i hope um but
if you want to know like which sounds
are unvoiced or which sounds are voiced
if it's hard for you to determine like
when you are using your vocal cords or
when you're not using your vocal cords
here's a quick tip so here are some uh
or here are the unvoiced consonant
sounds
so the unvoiced consonant sounds meaning
the consonants that we make without
using our vocal cords are ch
and the th sound in think think
so all of these sounds are unvoiced if
we make these sounds we're not using our
vocal chords to make them so sh for
example and and
these are common ones but we're not
actually using like our voice to make
them
so that means that voiced sounds are the
other sounds so if it's not in this list
it's a voiced sound one thing to be
careful of here though is that the th
sound in the word like they
uh is actually a voiced sound so we have
a voiced they th sound they they and we
have an unvoiced th sound like in think
think so in the word think i'm not using
my vocal chords in the word they or the
for example i am so th has a voiced and
an unvoiced pronunciation
so this is something to keep in mind and
maybe to help you as you practice
but these are the three pronunciation
types for ending ed sounds i hope that
that was helpful for you if you have any
questions please let us know in the
comment section below this video of
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resources thanks very much for watching
this episode and i will see you again
soon bye
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