hello students welcome to the English TV channel I'm Donna and I've got something for more advanced
students today to increase your ability to express yourself in sentences are you ready okay well
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become better at English today I'm going to talk about the second of the four main sentence types
that we have in English in a previous video I talked about the simple sentence today I'm
going to introduce you to the compound sentence the difference between a simple sentence and a
compound sentence is that a compound sentence includes two or more complete thoughts sometimes
the people will describe a compound sentence this way it has at least two independent clauses
okay and that's basically the same idea complete thought or independent clause for now just think
of a independent clause or a complete thought as an expression which you can stand on its own as a
simple sentence it has a subject and it has a main verb and it might have an object or complement or
other words that adverbs so for example I like pizza I am going to order a pizza these are two
complete thoughts but with a compound sentence we can put them together that is we can coordinate
them so you can have a sentence that says I like pizza - that is a compound sentence notice that
it has the two complete thoughts because I said pizza and the first part I like pizza I didn't
repeat that word in a second because it was understood I just said I'm going to order one
one in this case meaning a pizza and notice that the two thoughts were coordinated using the word
so that word explains the connection between the two thoughts what it says is because of the first
idea I like pizza the second idea comes out I will order a pizza let's look at another example
here are two complete thoughts Bob wants to read Bob doesn't have time to read these thoughts Bob
wants to read but he doesn't have time to notice we put these two thoughts together using the word
but and we don't have to repeat the word read in the second part because it's understood from the
first part that's how coordinating ideas works in English there are seven major four layers in
English that means a lot of compound sentences not all but a lot use one of those seven words
you can remember the coordinators with the word fanboys F a and B o s and the coordinators are
for and nor but or yet so so the first letters of those words spells fan once each coordinator has
a somewhat different meaning the meanings can be hard to explain on their own so let's look
at some examples let's start with the word for this coordinator is usually used to indicate some
kind of reason or cause in my opinion coordinating sentences with four has a somewhat formal feeling
in modern age I rarely eat grapes or I don't like that's an example of a compound sentence the two
ideas are I rarely eat grapes I don't like okay now our second example uses what is probably the
most common coordinator in English the word and we use and to combine two similar thoughts my
friends came over to my house and we saw the movie together here the two idea is farmer my friends
came over to my house we saw a movie together the similarity is a similarity of time first one thing
happened and then the next thing happened this is a common use of the word and now let's look at two
words which have a similar use but and yet you can use either in these words when you want to show
a contrast that means a difference between two thoughts but is a little more common than yet I
am studying English but I have a lot more to learn I am studying English I have a lot more English to
learn we combine using but because the idea is that even though I've studied a little bit so
far I don't know a lot of English yet I can still speak it here we used yet to indicate a contrast
which we need idea that my knowledge of English is small but I am still able to speak some English
now let's look at two words which also have been similar loops or and no we use or to indicate that
only one of two thoughts is correct or possible and we use nor when we want to emphasize that
neither of two thoughts is correct or possible let's look at some examples either I will go to
the party later or I will go home here the two ideas far I will go to the party I will go home
and we combine using war to indicate that I will do one of those two objects the word either at
the beginning also introduces the idea that we are introducing two options either or that's a common
use of war or do you want to go home or would you prefer to stay here here the two ideas are both
questions do you want to go home would you prefer to stay here and we combine these questions using
or because typically the person will prefer either of the two options we gave combining options using
or is also a pretty common in English we will not stop working nor will we give up here we
combine here we are saying that both of the two is unacceptable we will not stop working and we
will not give up but we combined them use ignore cuz it's a negative we won't do either we will
not do this we will not do this and combine two negatives is common music no okay so not this and
not something else there's one more coordinator to talk about and that's the word itself we use
so to indicate that a second thought follows from the first you enjoy dinner at that restaurant so
you might enjoy their breakfast here are the two ideas you enjoying dinner at the restaurant you
might enjoy breakfast at the restaurant because of the experience of the first idea second idea
seems reasonable and so we combine using so because this so that compound sentences can
also be made using punctuation only that means not using one of the fan words words this is a
little more advanced and it usually appears more in writing then and speaking but it is
worth knowing about when we coordinate two clauses using punctuation we use a semicolon which is the
mark that you could see below look at the example sentence Bob likes swimming Sousa pate see I could
have said Bob likes swimming but Susan hates it but I can also write it in this way and leave it
to the reader to notice that as a contrast this is a little more subtle and sophisticated but it is
a way that sometimes we write in English and it is acceptable and it is a compound sentence and
that's it for compound sentences why don't you try picking some of your own compound sentences
and eat them in the comment section below to be happy we'll check them out and if you
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it helpful because it helps our channel a lot thanks a lot now I'll see you in the next video
you