72 small satellites for customers including the first space Factory were successfully launched
on June 12 by a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket what is the importance of this and what are we going
to expect from this let's find out in today's episode hello everyone welcome back to Elon
Musk Evolution where we bring you the most recent news about Elon Musk and his multi-billion dollar
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Pharma company Merck reported in 2019 that an experiment on the International Space Station
has provided insight into how to improve the stability of its popular cancer treatment kitruda
that allowed for a shot to be used in place of an IV infusion as the method of administration
knowing how its medicine crystallized in microgravity allowed Merck to figure out
how to modify its production method on Earth to generate the more stable form which was the key to
the discovery that particles behave differently when liberated from the force of gravity
there is a limited amount of time available for commercial experiments on the ISS however
microgravity research has the potential to result in many more discoveries like this or perhaps the
creation of brand new medicines while drop towers and parabolic airplane flights are
the only ways to access microgravity or Free Fall outside of orbit these methods are only practical
for investigations that need less than a minute in microgravity Merck's ISS experiment required
18 days in 2021 the California firm varda Space Industries revealed its plans to construct the
first space Factory in the world where it would produce not only medicines but also electronics
and Fiber Optic Cables as well as other Goods that could benefit from being produced in microgravity
a commercial satellite platform and two modules produced by varda would make up this plant
equipment that can manufacture a product on its own would be found in one module the other would
be a re-entry capsule to return to Earth with the finished goods CEO will brewey who has previously
created and piloted spacecraft for SpaceX noted that many High Performance Products can only be
produced in zero gravity which is a manufacturing capability that cannot be replicated in any plant
on Earth he continued we have a team filled with Aerospace talent in the prime of their
careers focused on getting operational gear into orbit as soon as feasible what is new when varda
first announced its plans to construct its first space Factory in 2023 it seemed like a first for
a space firm however varda has now successfully surpassed that ambitious launch date The Firm
tweeted shortly after the Falcon 9 launch on June 12 we have acquisition of signal the solar panels
from the world's first space Factory have located the sun and it is now starting to decelerate
varda will concentrate on testing its systems during the satellite's first week in orbit to make
sure everything functions as intended the old HIV AIDS medication retinovir will be regularly heated
and cooled in order to examine how its particles crystallize in microgravity during the second week
varda will make an attempt to return its first space Factory to Earth after about
a month in space it will do this by blasting it through the atmosphere at Hypersonic speeds and
utilizing a parachute mechanism to land safely at the department of defense's Utah test and
training range the Air Force has already given the startup a contract to utilize its next re-entry
capsule to test gear for Hypersonic missiles sovarta space factories may eventually serve
double duty as production plants and Hypersonic test beds varda though plans to stay with the
production of pharmaceuticals for the time being the most valuable substances per unit Mass are
Pharmaceuticals according to brewey who spoke to CNN furthermore they have a sizable Market here on
Earth Delian asparov co-founder and president of Arda continued you won't see varda doing
anything other than Pharmaceuticals for the next minimum of six seven years meanwhile on
May 1 2023 the esa's Euclid spacecraft arrived in Florida on a boat from Italy concluding the
first leg of its protracted trip into space in the first week of July it is expected to launch
from Cape Canaveral aboard a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket Euclid is intended to give us a better
understanding of the mysterious elements of our Cosmos known as dark matter and dark energy Dark
Matter does not emit or reflect light in contrast to the typical matter that we see here on Earth
thought to account for around 80 percent of the universe's total mass it holds galaxies
together it has been known to us for a century but we still don't understand what it really is
similar Mysteries surround Dark Energy the cosmos has been expanding for the past five billion years
but astronomers have found that it has been speeding more quickly than predicted the term
Dark Energy refers to an invisible force that many think is responsible for this acceleration
approximately 70 percent of the energy in the cosmos is made up of this in order to shed
light on various facets of dark energy and dark matter Euclid will map this Dark Universe using
a variety of scientific tools Euclid will travel for a month after launch to the second Earth Sun
lagrangian point which is five times further away from Earth than the moon Euclid could survey the
cosmos from a steady vantage point because it is where the gravitational pulls of the Sun and the
Earth Balance each other out at this time Euclid will join the James Webb Space Telescope and will
make the ideal companion to that incredible space Observatory Esa was unable to choose between the
two since they each used a different methodology and consequently a separate set of instruments to
examine the dark Cosmos experts found that both of the concepts were strong especially when used as a
crucial cross-check between them thus Euclid emerged from the finest of both ideas Euclid
requires devices with large fields of vision because it is intended to explore the entire
Cosmos the more of the universe and imaging sensor can observe the wider its field of view must be
Euclid accomplishes this using a smaller telescope than jwst in comparison to the jwsd which is the
size of an aircraft Euclid is about the size of a truck however Euclid also has some of the largest
digital cameras ever launched into orbit with fields of vision many times larger than jwsts
de Euclid Vis or visible instrument which was largely constructed in the UK is intended to
measure the locations and forms of as many galaxies as possible in order to seek for
tiny patterns in this data that are brought on by the gravitational lensing of the light as it
travels to us through the auxiliary Dark Matter it takes many galaxies to view the gravitational
lensing effect in good quality since it is weak for most galaxies it is just one part in one
hundred thousand so over a third of the night sky viz will create images with quality comparable to
that of the Hubble telescope while this can detect light it cannot quantify color through
the redshift effect which occurs when light from distant objects is altered to longer or
redder wavelengths we may determine how far away they are from us this is necessary to calculate
their distance although some of this information will need to come from already built or future
ground-based observatories Euclid also carries the nisp or near infraspectrometer or photometer
instrument which is made specifically to measure the infrared colors and Spectra and thus redshifts
for the most distant galaxies that Euclid will see nisp will make use of a relatively recent method
known as baryon acoustic oscillations which offer an accurate measurement of the expansion history
of the universe over its previous 10 billion years to measure Dark Energy the testing of potential
Dark Energy theories such as suggested amendments to Einstein's general relativity depends on this
background it requires a whole Army of scientists to conduct such an experiment and not all of them
are focused entirely on dark matter and dark energy similar to jwst Euclid will yield a
wealth of fresh insights into numerous facets of astronomy the complex software required to combine
space data with ground data and extract with high accuracy the shapes and colors of billions
of galaxies needs to be developed and the Euclid Consortium requires hundreds of people to help
likewise some of the most comprehensive simulations of the universe ever created have
been used to test and validate this program the equipment and telescope on Euclid will be tested
validated and calibrated for several months after it reaches L2 to make sure they are operating as
intended following the most recent jwst launch we are all familiar with this anxious waiting
once prepared Euclid will begin a five-year scan of 15 000 Square degrees of the sky with
the assistance of roughly two thousand scientists from around the world who will gather data along
the way but once we have gathered all of this information and given it a comprehensive analysis
we will truly understand the power of Euclid we might not receive our ultimate Grim answers until
well into the following decade if that takes another five years therefore the SpaceX launch
only seems to be the halfway point in the Euclid Saga meanwhile the world has collectively Shrugged
as SpaceX quietly disclosed its proposal to totally transform the space business
SpaceX unveiled its star Shield plan a satellite program that offers satellite-based encrypted
Communications and optional sensor payloads to government customers at the beginning of
December 2022 star Shield despite its understated unveiling is actually a trojan horse that would
allow SpaceX to further dominate the space domain and impose its policies on corporations
and National governments alike SpaceX is about to turn its dominance into a monopoly with the
help of the brand new star Shield program to protect consumer choice and guarantee that
elected governments continue to control National policy firms and governments must take immediate
action to thwart any attempts to dominate the space industry the fact that one web starlink's
closest rival was compelled to choose SpaceX as its launch provider is a clear illustration of
spacex's present dominance of the commercial space Market private firm SpaceX already has the ability
to impose its rules on National governments and restrict its Rivals access to space simply put
no other business can match spacex's affordability and responsiveness and the front lines of Russia's
conflict in Ukraine are currently displaying the dangers of one business being able to control
the space sector in order to comply with CEO Elon musk's opinion that Ukrainian attempts to recover
their territory were needlessly escalatory and should be stopped SpaceX is accused of blocking
the use of starlink for advancing Ukrainian forces in October 2022 later in February 2023 SpaceX
specifically prohibited the use of starlink for offensive or defensive operations but it still had
the final say over what constitutes an offensive or defensive action it is helpful to compare the
star Shield announcement with the growth of the Apple iPhone in order to completely comprehend
its significance on the surface it seems that starshield is just a logical extension of spacex's
consumer business starlink initiative and its marketing supports this notion star Shield however
is far more than what it is being advertised as what is not immediately clear is that SpaceX has
effectively created the satellite version of the iPhone with star shield and this platform will
allow SpaceX to rule the space sector similarly to how Apple rules the Mobile smartphone market the
Apple iPhone's potential to significantly increase the number of tiny programmers who can produce
programs once perhaps its most significant impact this sparked a wave of invention that gave rise to
everything from Instagram to Safe Mobile Banking the fact that Apple handled all the ancillary
activities was The crucial development that made it possible for this app Innovation any developer
who wanted to create an app got access to the phone's Wi-Fi network cellular service camera
gyroscopes touch interface and display as long as they adhere to Apple's rules likewise Apple was in
charge of creating and maintaining the fundamental operating system and cyber security absolving
designers of these vital but time and money consuming duties Apple facilitated the creation of
apps and developers flocked to the iPhone platform due to the fact that the iPhone contained all the
apps users were looking for they sold on mass and their widespread availability established
a positive feedback loop iPhone apps were created by designers who want Market penetration customers
purchased iPhones in order to have access to the most recent apps which created an incentive for
future app developers to create apps specifically for the iPhone apps are frequently released
or updated for iOS before Android and other competitors even though iPhone only owns slightly
more than 24 percent of the global smartphone market as of January 2023 due to its early Market
domination Apple was able to set the bar high and keep a firm grip on the market the equivalent of
an iPhone app in the space sector is the satellite payload a satellite's bus and payload are its two
major components the bus offers structure power thermal management Communications control Etc to
the payload in order to support it the component that accomplishes a specific task that benefits
the operator is known as the payload because the payload is responsible for providing a service for
which customers are prepared to pay it is the most crucial component to the satellite Constructor
outside of national government projects it is very impossible to promote innovation in Satellite
payloads at the moment for instance even if an Optics business develops a brand new satellite
sensor that has the potential to revolutionize remote sensing it would still need to satisfy
numerous other criteria before putting the sensor into orbit designing a specialized satellite bus
with a solar panel and power subsystem a special Telemetry system for command and control a space
and terrestrial Communications Network to receive data from the sensor and a number of additional
expensive and labor-intensive tasks are among these requirements the optical company would
have to pay for a pricey custom-built satellite as well as a launch service insurance and ongoing
expenses for cyber security and satellite control these expenses would Skyrocket if a constellation
of numerous satellites was necessary we'll see you in the next video thanks for watching