On completing this chapter you will have an understanding of who issues a
discharge order how it is different from a voyage order how a discharge order can
imply many operational costs and strenuous effort and watches for a
ship's entire crew over many days what is the purpose of a pre-arrival
navigation meeting and a pre arrival cargo operations meeting what are the
main features of a tanker discharge and crude oil washing plan what are the
typical requirements of crude oil washing checklists what are the typical
pre-arrival checks conducted by different crew members
who issues a discharge order the discharge order is normally communicated
to the vessels master by email from the owner or operator or charterers the
discharge order is the basic information needed in order to prepare the vessel
for discharge
for shuttle tankers with frequent port calls the practical implications of a
discharge order are of less concern compared with the UL CCS and the LCCs
the high frequency of port calls gives the shuttle tanker crew a large amount
of experience and routine and the port organization agents authorities pilots
and tugboat companies know these ships and how they are operated when au LC c
or v LC c loaded in the middle east for instance is directed to the US Gulf for
discharging several demanding and costly activities are involved such as 3 to 4
STS operations some 80 to 100 nautical miles from shore service launchers and
helicopter service for us dart inspectors concur surveyors agents crew
change stores and provisions are normally vetting inspectors from
different oil majors in addition activation of the mandatory Shore based
organization according to OPA 90 requirements like qualified individual
or Qi and oil pollution cleanup organizations etc 3 to 4 STS operations
are very demanding both for personnel and equipment as each light ring
normally takes approximately 48 hours and runs continuously until the large
tanker is empty
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between a voyage order that a discharge order received by the master which one
affects the chief officer or cargo officer more a voyage order is an
instruction from the owner or operator or charters to the vessels master about
where the vessel shall sail after completion of a port call the vessel
needs some kind of instruction on where to sail for instance proceed to filter
Anchorage drop anchor and wait for further order or proceed to US Gulf for
order etc the discharge order is the specific instruction to proceed to a
port or terminal and discharge all or part of the cargo as the cargo may be
sold during the Leighton voyage the discharge order may change as well a
discharge order from the charterers will in addition to lots of information about
receivers bills of lading etc also include crude oil washing instruction
and allowance for extra discharging time based on the discharge order the
discharge plan is worked out by the chief officer
what is the main purpose of the pre-arrival meeting conducted by the
master a pre-arrival meeting is performed in different ways depending on
the vessels trade the master normally conduct the meeting and the main purpose
of the meeting is to ensure that all officers and crew are acquainted with
the time schedule and activities expected to take place during the port
call through this time schedule framework the risk assessments
associated with each import activity at the ship's plan for mitigating each of
those risks is communicated beside the main purpose of a port call loading or
discharging other activities can be STS lighting special security measurements
crew change stalls and provisions anchoring external
technical service for the vessels equipment various external inspections
etc the discharge plan is a comprehensive what is the knee
the discharge plan breath and serve and detailed schedule
that comprises a time-bar cargo specification spreadsheet with details
on cargo grades quantity and their distribution into the different cargo
tanks
further the plan details line and valve systems and cargo pumps to be used and
estimated start and stop times for the different cargo pumps and vacuum strip
system this part of the discharge plan may vary depending on whether the
reception facility and capacity is known the discharge plan will normally be
updated when the terminal information is known the discharge plan also includes a
detailed schedule for crude oil washing or Cove for detailed information on
crude oil washing sea cbt number zero five four finally the discharge plan
includes the ballast operation taking on ballast by gravity and by ballast pumps
etc
the chief officer conducts a meeting with the junior officers which are
second and third officer pumped man and bosun in due time prior to arrival the
feathers of this meeting is to have their acknowledgement to full
understanding of the discharge plan the second and third officer are responsible
Duty deck officers during discharge and consequently need to be fully familiar
with the vessels cargo system to assist them during the operation they have the
pump man who is a qualified technician and responsible for maintaining the
cargo equipment in addition they have the bosun who is the leader of the deck
crew
a crude oil carrier that intends to carry
crude oil washing during the discharge operation needs to inform and obtain
permission from the Port Authority and terminal prior to arrival although this
formality is communicated by the master the junior officers should be familiar
with such requirements
mx1 regulation 13 6 requires every new crude oil tanker of 20,000 deadweight
tons and above to be fitted with a crude oil washing system and an approved crude
oil washing manual the crude oil washing manual contains a pre-arrival crude oil
washing checklist ship specific which should be completed by the chief officer
prior to arrival at every discharge port where it is intended to undertake crude
oil washing the crude oil washing checklist is formed in three sections
for use before during
while washing operations the crude oil washing checklist is to be shown to the
loading master during the ship or soar meeting and during the crude or a
washing operation click on the buttons to find out more
since the introduction and in station of the international safety
management code that is the is M code mandatory from 1998 ship owners or other
companies responsible for operation of ships have had to develop and implement
safety management systems both for the ships and Shore based organization the
safety management objectives of the company should provide for safe
practices in ship operation and systems to monitor and document onboard
activities where needed checklists to document safe
practices and compliances with rules and regulations as well as the company's
policy have been developed and implemented as industry standard in
connection with various operations on board the pre-arrival checklist is a
comprehensive record of preparations carried out in order to document that
the vessel is arriving in a condition according to the company's policy and
international rules and regulations all junior officers including pump man and
bosun as well as the engine offices and crew will be engaged in testing and
checks in order to complete the pre-arrival checklist
engineer officers
Jr deck officers
some men
Osen checklist and repairs of malfunctions
click on the thumbnails to learn more
engineer offices in the engine all the technical systems
required by the checklist to be tested and the results reported back to the
chief officer these tests must include operation of the cargo and inert gas
pipelines valve operating systems agonic power packs or boilers for cargo pumps
inert gas systems ballast and stripping pumps and alarms and trips of all these
Jr deck offices
the junior officers are responsible for checking that
ignited equipment and systems such as firefighting and life-saving equipment
navigational instrumentation etc
thump man the pump man is responsible for
function checking of all cargo equipment a cargo related safety systems and
equipment
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the bosun with the deck crew must check and prepare all morning equipment oil
pollution prevention equipment accommodation ladders pilot ladders hose
handling cranes decks covers that assists the pump man with preparation of
the cargo manifolds to be used
repairs of malfunctions the checklist must be completed in ample time prior to
arrival in order to allow for repairs of malfunctioning equipment or call for
external service upon arrival any negative answers in the checklist must
be reported to the owner or operator in order to make a common effort to ensure
the vessels safe and efficient port call without any delays