hey there my name is kaeleigh and welcome to plant cell in this video you'll learn
all of the parts that make up a plant cell and their functions let's get
started this is a diagram of a plant cell cells are the microscopic building
blocks of life and all living organisms are made up of cells including plants
this is a diagram of an animal cell it will be best if you've already watched
the video called animal cell before watching this video the animal cell on
the left is very similar to the plant cell on the right but there are
distinctive differences between the plant cell and the animal cell can you
think of any reasons why that's right plants and animals live very different
lives most of the organelles in the plant cell are the same as the ones in
the animal cell but there are a few organelles that are found only in the
plant cell remember an organelle is just the different parts of a cell let's find
out which parts of the animal cell are different from the plant cell
I recommend getting your note-taking supplies out for this video there are
new words and definitions that you'll want to look back on you can pause the
video here to grab your supplies the most distinct difference between plant
and animal cells is that plant cells have a cell wall on the outside of the
cell membrane the cell wall provides structure for the plants to grow upright
and tall plants need cell walls because they don't have skeletons to hold them
upright like animals do the cell wall also prevents the cell from bursting
open when water enters the cell the other big difference between plant cells
and animal cells is chloroplasts see the stacks of green pancakes those only
exist in plant cells and they're called chloroplasts they capture light from the
Sun and with water and carbon dioxide they produce sugar that the cell eats as
food this process of turning light into food is called photosynthesis and only
plants can do it another difference between plant and
animal cells is having a large central vesicle called a vacuole do you see the
lakes in the cell in mature plants there's only one central vacuole and
that is very large sometimes taking up almost all the space inside the cell the
vacuole acts as a storage system for the cell it stores water and holds the
pigments for flower colors and some plants even store toxins in the vacuole
and that protects it from bein there are green dots on the outside of the cell
wall those are called plasmodesmata they act as the telephone for the cell and
connect cells to each other to transport proteins the rest of the organelles
we're going to talk about might seem familiar if you've already studied the
animal cell the yellowest gel inside the cell wall is book is called the
cytoplasm the cytoplasm holds the organelles in place and protects them
from damaged cytoplasm is like the security system of this
the brown polka-dots floating in the cytoplasm our ribosomes they act as a
handyman of the cell and produce specific proteins that are used to
repair other parts of the cell the big blue block ball is the nucleus the
nucleus carries the majority of the cell's DNA DNA is the genetic
information of the cell and tell us the cell what kind of salad is and when I
will divide in this way the nucleus is like the brain of the cell and it
controls the growth and the multiplication of the cell the dark blue
ring inside the nucleus is called the nuclear envelope it separates the
contents of the nucleus from the cytoplasm so that they don't mix the
dark blue dots on the nuclear envelope allow materials like proteins to move
between the cytoplasm and the nucleus they act like a ticket booth and only
allow certain materials into the nucleus at certain times
the egg yolk in the middle of the nucleus is called the nucleolus the
nucleolus has a main job of building ribosomes for the south after the
ribosomes are built they're transported out into the cytoplasm to work as
handymen for the sale
the light blue material that surrounds the nucleolus and fills up the inside of
the nuclear envelope is called nucleoplasm its job is similar to
cytoplasm but it always say it's inside the nuclear envelope the pink and blue
smiles are mitochondria which are famously called the powerhouse of the
cell they're called the powerhouse because they work as the brain of the
chloroplast and plant cells and they sense light and tell the chloroplast to
start turning light energy into food energy
the purple blob is the Golgi apparatus it is called the post-office for the
cell it modifies sorts and packages different materials to leave the cell or
to be used in different places in the cell there are two types of endoplasmic
reticulum the first one we will talk about is the small yellow one called the
smooth endoplasmic reticulum it is used to metabolize lipids in the cell and
help the cell detox unwanted materials
the other endoplasmic reticulum is called the rough endoplasmic reticulum
and it's the big red blob it's rough because it's covered with bumpy rides
ohms and these ribosomes make specific proteins that are then transported in
small sacs called vesicles great work studying the plant cell now compare your
animal cell notes to your plant cell notes and spot the differences and the
similarities keep practicing by playing the online
games and quizzes and remember to always be clever