My name's Jade Samford and I do Sport and Exercise Sciences and for my third year dissertation
project I've done a service evaluation of the Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals
trust Phase 3 cardiovascular rehabilitation programme that's offered at City Hospital
in Birmingham.
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of mortality in the United Kingdom and cardiac
rehabilitation is put into place as a secondary prevention with the aims of restoring patients’
health from their disease condition and also ensuring that their quality of life is brought
back to what it was previously.
So the aim of this study was to basically see if the cardiac rehabilitation programme
they offer at City Hospital was effective and see whether there were any differences
between sex, ethnicity and also the intervention of the patients.
We had 94 patients in total all of them were referred to the outpatients for cardiac rehab
at CH and they all underwent assessment before they started their exercise training sessions.
These assessments were anthropometric so we measure age, weight, height and body mass
index.
We also did some cardiovascular assessments which included resting heart rate, resting
blood pressure, heart rate maximum during exercise and then heart rate recovery and
blood pressure recovery at one minute and five minutes post exercise.
Exercise capacity was determined by incremental shuttle walk test.
Patients had to complete 24 exercise training sessions and then we did follow up measures.
What we found was there was a significant increase in the number of shuttles which patients
completed after cardiac rehab.
There was also significant increase in heart rate recover at one minute and five minutes
post exercise.
There was no difference in anthropometric measures at follow-up and there was also no
difference in blood pressure at follow-up either.
These findings are quite encouraging, we're showing that patients can walk further after
cardiac rehabilitation and also that they have a greater reduction in heart rate after
exercise, which is really good.
We can use these findings as well for best practice in development of cardiovascular
rehabilitation at City Hospital Birmingham.
My name's Alex and for my third year dissertation as part of my Sport and Exercise Sciences
degree I looked at matching energy intake to energy expenditure during different intensity
exercise bouts.
So basically we got people to do a VO2 max test.
So they run as hard as they can so we can work out their fitness levels.
Then we get them to run at 60% or 90% of their VO2 max.
Both energy bouts were expending the exact same amount of energy, 450 calories.
From there we asked them to consume food to the same amount of what they thought that
they and give us an estimation of what they had expended.
So we found that, actually, a lower intensity or moderate intensity [exercise bout] causes
people to, first of all, think that they’ve expended less energy and consume less energy
compared to higher intensities.
This has implication on people trying to lose weight.
So if choose a moderate intensity exercise bout it might actually cause a greater weight
loss compared to higher intensities.
My name is Simon Franklin and I was looking at the effect of footwear on foot strike in
middle- and long-distance.
Basically we got runners into the lab and focused on kinematics associated between barefoot
running and running in shoes.
We used our motion capture system that we have in the kinesiology lab to focus on differences
in technique and style associated between running in barefoot and running in shoes.
The results we found from this were that middle distance runners, as they are used to running
more quickly and with more fore-foot strike which is associated with barefoot running,
that there was very little difference between running barefoot and running in shoes.
Whereas in longer distance runners they normally adopt a rear-foot strike and therefore running
barefoot changes this and there are significant difference between the two conditions.
Therefore, this has implications on the recommendation for middle- distance and long-distance runners
as there is little difference between barefoot and shod in middle distance runners, the benefits
which they'll get from doing barefoot will be very limited.
Whereas for long-distance runners, if they switch to running barefoot, this may alter
their kinematics so they can be beneficial for their performance.
My name's Laura Bowen and I'm currently in my third year studying Sport and Exercise
Sciences.
My project was looking at how maximal and dynamic strength predicts sprint, shuttle
and jump performance in young elite footballers at Aston Villa Academy.
It was based on a previous study which looked at maximal strength and sprint and jump variables
in adult elite footballers.
We tested 12 players.
They did the one rep and three rep max dead lifts.
They did two ten-metre sprints, two ten-metre shuttles and three counter-movement jumps.
We didn't find any relationship in the results for the one rep max or the three rep max predicted
sprint, shuttle or jump.
This could have been due to the fact that the players had never had any strength training
before so they didn't know how to maximally produce force.
It also could be due to that fact that they all had different maturity levels.
So, it might have affecting their functional capacity.
What we did find was maximal and dynamic strength was strongly related to one another but the
sprint and shuttle were only moderately related and the jump didn't predict either sprint
or shuttle.
This suggest that we picked the wrong test to test sprint and jump and that also sprint
and jump can't be grouped together in young elite footballers.
In future what we are going to do is use this dissertation as a baseline and do a strength
training intervention for a number of weeks and then test them again to then see if a
relationship exists.
My name's Scott Powell, I'm a third year Sport and Exercise pupil.
I've recently finished my third year dissertation project which is looking coaches and athletes
motivation in a grassroots football setting.
What we specifically wanted to look at was the antecedence of coaches’ specific styles.
So whether they used controlling styles or autonomy-supportive styles.
Autonomy supportive styles are where you are offering your athletes choice and provision
and this is very adaptive.
Whereas controlling behaviour is where you give your athletes rewards or you may be threatening
them, which is obviously mal-adaptive to their athletes motivation.
So we used a questionnaire which measured a lot of variables for the motivational climate
and we specifically found that a coach's basic psychological need was associated with their
autonomy-supportive style.
So therefore you can conclude that the club environment should, sort of, create an environment
where these needs can be satisfied and therefore your coach is more likely to use more adaptive
coaching styles, which is autonomy-supportive.
I also investigated for the perceived pressures in the environment had any effect on the coach's
style.
We found no significant results in this area but this may be because we looked at a grassroots
sample.
Future research may look in a more competitive area of sport, so academy performers where
there was high pressure and see whether this affects the coaching styles of those coaches.