would you like to learn the fundamentals
of cloud computing are you an aspiring
cloud architect or an aspiring cloud
engineer
would you like to know the difference of
a virtual machine on a container well if
so this video is for you
hi my name is michael gibbs and i'm the
founder and ceo of go cloud architects
and we're an organization dedicated
towards building high performance cloud
computing and networking careers
i've been working in this industry for
over 25 years and i've been coaching or
mentoring others for two decades now and
i've loved that very last minute of it
today we're going to talk about some
cloud architect fundamentals or cloud
engineer fundamentals see when you're
moving to the cloud or you're going to
work on the cloud you have to understand
the cloud which is essentially a
virtualized network in a virtualized
data center
that's hosted somewhere else
but when you're dealing with taking your
servers and your compute systems to the
cloud you're going to have to find
similar services or something that's
going to work well
now in most cases when organizations
take their equipment to the cloud they
basically do something called a lift and
shift which is basically taking the
virtual machines and containers in their
data center and relocating them to the
cloud now that's what happens most of
the time look there's really cool server
listings that can be done and in certain
environments serverless makes sense as
well but most migrations are lift and
shift so you've got to know what you're
moving to bring it to the new location
and even if you were going to go
serverless you'd still have to have some
knowledge of the capacity of your
virtual machines and servers from the
data center to move it to the cloud so
today we're going to talk about how does
cloud computing get performed the same
way as it does the data center and all
cloud computing is going to use one of
two technologies
virtualization or containers so we're
going to talk about both of these things
today so you not only know how it works
in the network in the data center and
how the cloud actually works but you'll
be able to size and properly provision
your systems for your customers in the
cloud let's talk about virtualization
first
when i first went into this industry
many many years ago more than 25 but
we'll call it 25 so i don't feel old
basically we buy a server here was the
process we'd call the server
manufacturer and they'd build it for us
so we call like company like dell we
tell them our requirements they put the
number of cpus in the amount of memory
we needed the types of hard drives we
needed six weeks later they'd shipped
the thing to us it would get to our
doorstep we were all excited we'd take
it out of the box we then unwrap it we
then put it into a rack screw it into
the rack cable it up then to use the
server here's what we did we installed
an operating system dependencies and
then our applications and guess what
that server that just took us eight
weeks this entire process from start to
finish is now sitting on the rack
serving one application and you know
what we need more servers we just get
more we need additional ones we build
build build build build and then we end
up with data centers that are like 30
000 square feet that are using megawatts
of power and they're just to power a
certain number of servers now good news
happened computers got really powerful
and instead of cpus having one or two
cores now you've got 64 core cpus and
you can put a bunch of them into a
server now you could put terabytes of
ram into these servers you can put rate
arrays into these servers that'll give
you 64 terabytes of data with you know a
half a million iops and now we've got
these big bad servers and they don't we
don't need them just for the generic web
app we need them for basically lots of
things so now we can take these big
giant servers that we have and we can
basically put something called a
hypervisor on them and with the
hypervisor we can do something called
virtualize the server now what is server
virtualization is when you take a server
you install some software and you chop
that server into multiple logical
servers so now one server one physical
server that takes six weeks for us to
get can now become 20 servers or more
inside of our data center on a single
basically set of plugs that are being
plugged into the wall all efficient with
use to power and all fast because now
we've got one of these servers and as
soon as it's here now i need another
virtual machine i need a new server i go
to the management console of my virtual
machine i create a new virtual machine
and in seconds i have it just like the
cloud so what do you think we're using
on the cloud the same thing server
virtualization and containers so now
let's look at the architecture of a
virtual machine
we've got our physical server in the box
looks like this or something that looks
like a pizza box that's plugged into the
rack
that's our physical hardware that's
where our cpu lies our memory lies our
hard drives live now we want to chop
this up so on the server we install
something called a hypervisor here's
what the hypervisor is it's a thin layer
of software it's typically like an
operating system kernel so typically
imagine you've got a very thin layer of
software like a kernel the kernel then
will logically chop your system into
multiple virtual machines that will
manage the cpu resources the memory
resources the hard driving forces even
graphics card resource so here's what it
looked like as you can see on this
graphic physical hardware hypervisor and
multiple virtual machines now each
virtual machine that we're using in this
environment has its own operating system
and its own applications so i'm going to
say this again every virtual machine is
like a brand new logical computer it all
needs its own operating system its
application dependencies and its
application so now we've got one server
we've chopped it up into multiple little
servers and it is great
now we've got multiple logical computers
all of this is terrific
now if we need extreme security
for example where if one virtual machine
were to die
it could potentially never impact
another virtual machine
virtual machines have an advantage they
are more secure and we'll talk about why
they're more secure than containers if
we need extreme isolation you've got
more isolation with virtual machines
if you need more control and something
which could protect you from different
kinds of failures which we'll talk about
in the container environment
virtual machines are your way to go so a
virtual machine is basically taking the
server you install a hypervisor and then
you install your operating system and
applications now this is traditional
server virtualization this is called a
type 1 hypervisor
meaning server hypervisor no operating
system and then each virtual machine
gets their own operating system now
let's talk about the container piece why
are containers so cool so previously as
we described we've got a server we've
got a hypervisor and then each virtual
machine has its own operating system
which is great
but think about the overhead of having
each machine with its own operating
system it's pretty heavy you know
operating systems take gigabytes
gigabytes just for the run the operating
system i take gigabytes of memory what
if we could get past this well that's
what a container does a container
basically does this
it takes all your servers
and puts it all under a single operating
system now here what happens is you add
the container management software and
the container software
now what is the container you basically
put your application dependencies
and the application in these in these
containers so now it's if you want 20
isolated applications you can make 20
containers now if you're using a
virtualized machine to have 20 vms you'd
have 20 copies of the operating system
not so in the container the container is
going to borrow the underlying libraries
from the operating system so containers
are real lightweight and they are really
fast and they are real efficient so if
you might be able to run for example 20
virtual machines on a server you might
be able to run 100 containers or even
more imagine 100 apps all running on a
single server 200 apps 300 up 400 apps
that's the beauty of containers
so containers are a more modern more
well lightweight faster and more
efficient form of virtualization now we
still use virtual machines and now we
use containers now you know a lot more
about them in a future video we're going
to talk about kubernetes and container
orchestration coming very soon but in
this video specifically we're just
talking about what is a container now
let's talk about what happens
why is a virtual machine a little bit
more secure
your containers are logically isolated
so in theory if this line is basically
your server's operating system and
you've got a container a container and
another container if something happens
in container number three it should have
no impact on container number two or
container number one in theory it should
not and in generally speaking they don't
but what happens is the host operating
system were to crash well then all those
containers sitting in that host
operating system potentially could crash
as well
so you've got more robustness in virtual
machine because every app has their own
isolated operating system so if a
virtual machine dies it can't
potentially affect anything else if in
the container environment one container
should not affect another container but
should a container go haywire and i've
seen this where it crashes the entire
operating system well then all your
containers crash again that is really
rare and in theory it should never occur
but i've seen it you know what could
occur and what does occur so something a
little different or if the operating
system itself were to crash or get
hacked you know could it possibly affect
certain containers and the answer is it
could but it's not supposed to but you
know when you're dealing with tech when
you push systems beyond their use things
do happen so now you know the difference
between a virtual machine and container
i'm going to summarize it one more time
virtual machine take a server install
hypervisor create multiple logical
computers inside of that computer each
with their own operating system
and uh and applications by comparison
let's take a container we've got our
physical hardware single operating
system and our containers are logically
separated in each other and all they
have is maybe some app dependencies in
the container and the up fast and
lightweight
i hope you've enjoyed this video on
virtualization vs containers it's part
of our cloud architect fundamentals
series certain things that every cloud
architect just needs to know
it was so nice having you join us for
this video today let me tell you about
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career thank you so much this is michael
gibbs from go cloud architects