Hi I am Tash and I welcome you to a new lesson. Conjunctions, what are conjunctions? Conjunctions
are words which join two words or phrases or two sentences, you can combine entire sentence
using conjunctions. So conjunctions basically helps us to combine words, phrases and sentences.
So let's begin with the first conjunction 'and' . The conjunction 'and' usually helps
us to combine a sentence which has similar ideas, when I say similar ideas or let me
just explain that to you with an example - Jane came to my party (full stop) Samara came to
my party. Now if you individually read the two sentences , it says - Jane came to my
party. Samara, full stop because they are two different sentences . Samara came to my
party. Now what is the similarity between these two sentences, the similar point is
that they both are coming to my party. So if they both are coming to my party, why am
I using a sentence twice, okay. The only different people here are Jane and Samara but the action
that they are doing is same. So I might as well combine my sentence with the help of
the conjunction 'and' and my sentence could be. Jane and Samara came to my party. That's
it, so I do not have to individually say, that Jane came to my party. Samara came to
my party. I can simply use the conjunction 'and' and say - Jane and Samara came to my
party. Easy right? The next one says 'but', but usually helps us to combine ideas that
are contrasting, okay. When I say contrasting, what do I mean? Contrasting means different
ideas, ideas which are maybe opposites or which are different from the other, let us
see how. Mrs. Smith is strict. That is one sentence, full stop. Writing another sentence
here which says - Mrs. Smith is kind. In this sentence we were talking about Jane and Samara,
they were two different people but they were doing the same action, over here I am talking
about Mrs Smith - She is strict at the same time Mrs Smith is kind, which means I am telling
you two things or saying or describing Mrs. Smith using two different adjectives, contrast
ideas , contrast adjectives. So how do I combine my sentence using 'but'? I could simply say
- Mrs Smith is strict but ( here I am using my conjunction) but kind, which means I have
simplified my life and I don't need to write two sentences or I do not have to write this
sentence again, I can easily combine both my sentences using the conjunction 'but'.
So that was about 'but'. The next one says 'so', there are so many times we use this
word 'so' , I am sure you will agree with me, because we say - I have done this so that
you don't have to face the problem. So every time you use the word 'so' you will realize
that it is for some purpose, okay. Let's say I am writing this sentence,okay. Please ( or
you could simply say ) Write down , write down the address , write down the address.
We don't forget it. Over here I am trying to tell you that write down the address, we
don't forget it. But this sentence is not sounding complete in itself. Now if we need
to make it sound complete , I need to use a conjunction here and over here I would simply
use the conjunction 'so' , so why am I doing that because it is for a purpose . Write down
the address, why? So that you don't forget it. It's a simple purpose behind writing down
the address so that we don't forget it. So 'so' is called as conjunction or you could
say 'so' is called as conjunction of purpose, okay purpose or reason or cause. The last
one here say 'or' this is a very simple conjunction because we love being given choices in life.
Do you wanna this, this or this, are you interested in this or this, it's very simple , the conjunction
'or' is usually used when you give people choices, for example you could say - Do you
want pasta or rice. And usually or you can always mark this after conjunction 'or' or
wherever the conjunction 'or' comes in you will always find it is a question, obviously
because you are offering a choice to people. You are giving them a choice. So, do you want
pasta? I'm so sorry pasta or rice. Okay. So the conjunction 'or' is usually used when
you wanna give people choices. So that is about conjunction 'and' , 'but', 'so' and
'or'. But, I'm not done because I want to talk to you about a few more conjunctions.
So, let's have a look at them in our next slide. So friends, let's have a look at the
next set of conjunctions-because, since and as. Now these conjunctions are conjunctions
of reason. That is, they are telling us why something has happened, okay. An incident
has occurred and they're telling us a reason why it has happened. So, let's have a look
at it with the help of this example. I sat down. I was tired. Now, we want to use a combining
word over here. And this word is gonna be 'because' If you read this sentence individually,
that is, I sat down. I was tired. It definitely does not sound complete, right? So, we can
use 'because' over here and say I sat down because I was tired, okay. Conjunction-since.
Now do you think if I use the conjunction-since over here, it's not going to sound correct?
Absolutely not. I sat down since I was tired, okay. Of course, 'since' is also telling you
why you sat or you know why did this happen. So, I sat down because I was tired or since
I was tired. The next one is 'as'. I sat down as I was tired. So, if you again have a look
at it, 'because', 'since' and 'as', are all three giving you reasons, okay. Because I
was tired, I sat down. Since I was tired, I sat down. As I was tired, I sat down, okay.
So, that's about 'because', 'since' and 'as' . The next one says 'after', 'before' and
'when' . Now, 'after', 'before' and 'when' tell you time. They're called as conjunctions
of time because they're telling you when something happened, you know or when the incident took
place. Now, let's have a look at this sentence, I'll email you. I receive the update. I'll
email you does not sound complete. I receive the update again sounds incomplete okay. So,
we're gonna conjunct it and we're gonna use a combining word here. So, I'll email you
after I receive the update. So, when am I gonna email you? After I receive the update.
The next one is 'before'. Now, read the sentence using 'before'. I'll email you before I receive
the update. So, it's right if you say 'after', it's right if you say 'before'. Maybe you're
going to email before receiving the update and over here, you will email after receiving
the update. And the last one says 'when'. This again is absolutely correct. I'll email
you when I receive the update. So, 'after', 'before' and 'well' all three 'when' are all
three telling you that they are conjunctions of time. So friends, this was about conjunctions.
The different conjunctions that we have from 'and' to 'but' to 'so' and 'or'. And of course,
'because', 'since' , 'as' and ' after', 'before' and 'when'. These conjunctions are gonna help
you to improvise on your writing. When you next time or hence forth want to combine a
sentence try and use these conjunctions because like I told you conjunctions help you to make
your sentences shorter and combine them and make it crisp. So, I hope you've enjoyed this
lesson. That's all from me for now. Thanks for watching, keep watching, keep learning.
I shall be back next time with a new lesson. Thank you.