greatest caliphs of Bani al-Abbas. He used to invade a year, perform Hajj a year, and pray during the
hundred supererogatory rak'ahs. He was famous for his piety and patience in obedience. He was able,
extend its control and put down revolutions and rebellions with wisdom and cunning. So he gave
freedom for his opponents. On the other hand, he monitored them. Humiliated the Romans
and defeated them in several locations. From India to China, the world raced to
Europe to please him. He almost handed over the Islamic state to the Persians on the plate of the
gold. Make Baghdad a beacon of science and scholars. The surplus amounted to the treasury
of the state during his reign, four hundred million dinars. But on the other hand, described him as some
novels blew up as a lover of women. Having fun, dancing and singing.
A character that sparked a lot of controversy. It was necessary for us to dive into the depths
that stage full of events. And search more for the Caliph Harun
answer . which is described in historical books. And the fact that he wrote
songs, stories and novels. Who is Harun al-Rashid? How did it start?
what his righteousness is. In the name of of Allah the Merciful. From Aaron, the Commander of the Faithful,
on Nikephoros, the Roman dog. I have read your book, O son of an infidel. The rational
what you see without hearing it. And peace. The Abbasid state was established on the ruins of its
Umayyad. The first rulers had to impose their control
sword. Abu al-Abbas, nicknamed the butcher, was the most bloodshed.
To come his brother Abu Jaafar Al-Mansour after him. Who knew his strength and valor
and distress. He built the city of Baghdad. The features of the Abbasid state began to be formed in
his reign. In the era of the Mahdi, signs of internal stability appeared on the horizon.
. He begot Al-Mahdi Musa Al-Hadi and Harun Al-Rashi. After the death of the Mahdi moved
caliphate to the Hadi. Who was known for his anger and recklessness. So he's about to kill a
Brother Aaron. But his rule lasted only one year. Then came the turn of a
Ali Abi Jaafar Aaron. He was born in the city of Rayy in the year one hundred and eighteen
forty years of migration. Aaron trained from a young age in equestrian and martial arts.
and when he began to gain strength at a young age, his father appointed him a commander in the army and
even friction with the senior princes of the state. All this did not exceed the age of fifteen
year. He began to lead campaigns and armies at the age of twenty.
he won the first battles he fought against the Romans. And who will have it, in
Solat and made many tours later. Because of his victory, his father appointed him as the second ruler and
the era after Al-Hadi. Al-Tabari mentions that his father called him Al-Rashid
after this victory. In addition to being wise and rational. In the fourth
of the month of Rabi' al-Awwal in the year one hundred and seventy AH. The state entered the
Abbasid golden age by declaring Harun al-Rashid the Caliph of the Muslims
after the death of Al-Hadi. During this stage was the Abbasid state
experiencing great division and challenges by those who aspire to the caliphate. He was
to Al-Rasheed, who is still at the age of twenty. So what are these
The cracks that almost overthrew the Abbasid Caliphate. Opposition
Talbiyah. All of the Abbas and the students agreed to confront the Umayyads for
overthrew their state. The Abbasids played on the oppression of the Taliban in order to gain
their support in the war. However, the dreams of the Taliban soon dissipated after the announcement
the first Abbasid caliph, Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah, who was the stronghold of the Shiites in
Kufa. The caliphate will remain Abbasid. And no one else has the right to it. It was
This serves as the beginning of the clash between the two parties. The first movements began in
era of Abu Jaafar Al-Mansour. This movement was led by Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Nafs, and he
Zakiya and his brother. Then, years later, because of Al-Hadi's arbitrary policy against the
opponents. The Alawites declared disobedience and revolted against the Caliph and seized a foundation
is Medina. And this movement ended after he spent it in Mecca.
Until the rule of Harun al-Rashid. And follow a new policy with the students
based on tolerance and leniency. At the same time, his policy was based on
the Intelligence, in order to ensure that they would not rebel. But during the battle of his brother
against the Alawites in Mecca. Two of their elders, Idris bin Doula, fled
, Abdullah Al-Alawi, who established the nucleus of the Idrisid state in Morocco.
addition to his brother Ibrahim, who fled to the south of the Caspian Sea and tried to establish a
there. Harun al-Rashid managed to bring down the latter. But the failure of Imam
Idris, who fortified the Berber tribes. And because of the distance between the state and the
of the Abbasids and Morocco, in addition to the harsh geographical nature. Al-Rashid did
, Aaron could eliminate him. And the Idrisid state became an obstacle that
greatly in front of Harun al-Rashid, who aspired to the Islamic state. It increased
worse proximity to the Andalusian pole, in which the Umayyads were stationed, led by
Abdul Rahman inside. They established their state there. During his rule, Harun al-Hadi testified
many rebellions and revolutions. And put them all out. There
for example, Imam Musa al-Kadhim. who was known for his strong character. The people turned to him
became a prominent figure in Medina. So he challenged Aaron
al-Rasheed, and ordered his arrest and imprisonment. But the biggest catastrophe remains,
that appeared in the era of Rashid is the crisis of Al-Baramkeh the Persians. Who almost had to
ended the Abbasid rule. Who are the Baramkeh? And how did they manage who
control the joints of the state. The biggest danger. One of the oldest Persian families.
were originally Magi, and their great-grandfather Barmak was a scientist in medicine. She says that
sources that he entered Islam during the era of Othman bin Affan, may God be pleased with him.
Some deny their entry to Islam. But his children and grandchildren converted to Islam and
they even led the Abbasid state. Their beginning was with Khaled bin Barmak,
the one who was appointed by Al-Abbas the butcher to be his minister. Khalid bin Barmak was intelligent
strong and resolute. He gained his fame through his valor in wars. Saw a period
Assuming the affairs of the ministry, the Persians entered high positions in the state
their preference over the Arabs. After his death his son Yahya appeared and became close to,
Abbasids. So much so that al-Khayzaran, the mother of Harun al-Rashid, breastfed Yahya. Umm
Yahya breastfed Aaron as well. So that he and Aaron become brothers through breastfeeding and
sides. Yahya Harun grew up and was very close to him. And when
Rashid received the caliphate and gave Yahya absolute powers. The decisions
being treated by Yahya as the decisions of the Caliph. Yahya was born during the
his life was four children. They were helping him in matters of government. And he became
each of them is the ruler of large states in the East and the West. Controls
the joints of the state. So that Harun reached the point that if he needed
small amount of money is not able to. While the Baramkeh lived in
luxury palaces and wasteful in expenses. Al-Baramkeh remained thus in the ruling,
a for seventeen years. And they were able to manage the affairs of the state by
was distinctly. But their tyranny in power made rational incite them.
the greatest danger that worried Al-Rasheed was that the origin of the Baramkeh
the Persians. The people of Khorasan tended to them and their politics. Therefore, he was afraid
Al-Rashid from a major revolution that would start from Khurasan. Some books also mentioned that
Baramkeh was inclined to their old beliefs. Often,
they were showing were their enemies to Islam. Without warning, Al-Rashid Al-
on all Baramkeh. Including Yahya Al-Barmaki. who used to
call him Babe. He confiscated their money, palaces and imprisoned them. And many were killed
them. With this picture ended the legend of Baramkeh. After that they were responsible
for every small and big thing in the state, from Harun to the Roman dog. Al-Rashid was famous for
his wars and jihad even before he became caliph. And when he became a caliph
became the same approach. He invaded almost every year. It is said that he took a
Cap with the inscription of Gas and Pilgrim. Then he turned to the frontiers, i.e. the borders of
of the Abbasid state with its neighbors and its fortress. It was dubbed
capitals. Al-Rasheed believed that the border was an important area in
and strategy. Therefore, it was given to it only by senior leaders. Then
to the Islamic fleet and reinvigorated him in support of him in
of jihad against the Romans to control the navigation in the Mediterranean. As it was
he preferred to lead the armies himself in battles during the annual attacks of the
he was doing. Which was called Al-Sawaif because it was
located in the summer. In the year one hundred and eighty-one AH. The right
Rashid Balbyzantine heavy losses. They were ruled by an empress named
Irene. Which surrendered to Aaron and offered him peace. In return for paying the
an annual tribute of ninety thousand golden dinars. And the case remained as it is
against him, until Nikephoros, the Minister of Finance, turned against Irene. Which is said to
belonging to the Ghassanids. Nikephoros sent this to al-Rashid, threatening
him revenge. He demanded the money Irene had sent. When you receive
Harun al-Khattab was very angry and sent his famous message, which described
by Nikephoros with a dog of rum. And he went out at the head of his huge army, heading for Nikephoros
to discipline him. Nikephoros soon apologized to him. But he repeated the ball and set aside,
covenant. Al-Rashid had his tours and tours. It ended with the payment of the principal amount
Three hundred thousand gold dinars every year. Instead of ninety thousand. The money
, rational between the East and the West. Both China and India
Europe addressing him asking for his friendship. Among the most famous of his fiancé is
Charlemagne, King of the Franks. Who was fascinated by what the Arabs reached on both
progress and science. wisdom. Despite the tyranny of Baramkeh and their exploitation
their power to achieve their goal, but they were among the most efficient men. They were
the reason for the rise of the Abbasid state and its successful administration. They even
managed to double the state's finances, which reached its peak during their reign.
Historians estimate that money at four hundred million dinars. It is
money that was entering the treasury legally races to visit . Rashid used this
became famous to ease the financial burdens on the parish. In addition to
using it in the sciences, architecture and the arts to advance the state. It was
for Baghdad a large share of Rashid's attention. Until I reached during his reign to
the pinnacle of its glory and brilliance. His name is associated with it. Although who is Abu
Jaafar Al-Mansur. During his reign, Baghdad became a destination that every
in the world. A kiss for students and seekers of science. It is
great achievements that Al-Rasheed made is his building of the House of Wisdom.
, which is considered the first public book house that appeared in Islam. And I became
after a center for scientific research. Al-Rasheed was also in medicine. Allocate salaries
Shahriya for doctors to follow up on people's health. It also supported researchers, writers
and translators. They lived in complete luxury, and their salaries were not even high
preoccupied with something and devote themselves to scientific research. With all these reforms
led by Rashid. However, some narrations described him as a womanizer. And that
which his life was for fun and games. What is the right? Visit the women. The
, most of the Arab soap operas Harun al-Rashid as a minister of women.
and most of these works were based on two books. They are The Thousand and One Nights and the
Book of Songs by Abu Faraj Al-Isfahani. Who transferred to us about
Aaron tales that show his love for evening parties and his love for wine. It shows him immersed in
his appetite. There is a book, One Thousand and One Nights. Which was the reason for the increase
fame of Harun al-Rashid for other caliphs. Even the West knew
from this book after it was transferred to them. However, these books were placed in
its basis for fun and entertainment. Its events are almost fabricated or irrational
correct. Some sources also narrate that the Book of One Thousand and One Nights. Translator of
a Persian book called Hazar Afsan, which is a myth. And Arab drama helped
to establish the bad image of Harun al-Rashid. As for what was mentioned in
history books that are based as scientific sources for transfer and research, it is completely different.
where he knew about Rashid his love for the councils of scholars and poets. So close to him
the imams. Including Mohammed bin Hassan Al Shaibani and Shafi'i. And he was taking
In their opinion, they are asked to write books to clarify Islamic rulings, even
helping leaders and princes in governance? After a rule that lasted for about twenty years,
Al-Rashid died. At the age of forty-five, he was leading a campaign
military ones, with the aim of eliminating the rebellion of Rafi' Ibn al-Layl. Al-Rashid's rule ended
after he established a strong state. In his era of major reforms. How do you describe
Rashid and his rule?