Maharaja Yudhisthira inquired from Narada Muni: O my lord, O great sage, kindly explain
how we who are staying at home without knowledge of the goal of life may also easily attain
liberation, according to the instructions of the Vedas.
Narada Muni replied: My dear King, those who stay at home as householders must act to earn
their livelihood, and instead of trying to enjoy the results of their work themselves,
they should offer these results to Krsna, Vasudeva.
How to satisfy Vasudeva in this life can be perfectly understood through the association
of great devotees of the Lord.
A grhastha must associate again and again with saintly persons, and with great respect
he must hear the nectar of the activities of the Supreme Lord and His incarnations as
these activities are described in Srimad-Bhagavatam and other Puranas.
Thus one should gradually become detached from affection for his wife and children,
exactly like a man awakening from a dream.
While working to earn his livelihood as much as necessary to maintain body and soul together,
one who is actually learned should live in human society unattached to family affairs,
although externally appearing very much attached.
An intelligent man in human society should make his own program of activities very simple.
If there are suggestions from his friends, children, parents, brothers or anyone else,
he should externally agree, saying, “Yes, that is all right,” but internally he should
be determined not to create a cumbersome life in which the purpose of life will not be fulfilled.
The natural products created by the Supreme Personality of Godhead should be utilized
to maintain the bodies and souls of all living entities.
The necessities of life are of three types: those produced from the sky [from rainfall],
from the earth [from the mines, the seas or the fields], and from the atmosphere [that
which is obtained suddenly and unexpectedly].
One may claim proprietorship to as much wealth as required to maintain body and soul together,
but one who desires proprietorship over more than that must be considered a thief, and
he deserves to be punished by the laws of nature.
One should treat animals such as deer, camels, asses, monkeys, mice, snakes, birds and flies
exactly like one’s own son.
How little difference there actually is between children and these innocent animals.
Even if one is a householder rather than a brahmacari, a sannyasi or a vanaprastha, one
should not endeavor very hard for religiosity, economic development or satisfaction of the
senses.
Even in householder life, one should be satisfied to maintain body and soul together with whatever
is available with minimum endeavor, according to place and time, by the grace of the Lord.
One should not engage oneself in ugra-karma.
Dogs, fallen persons and untouchables, including candalas [dog-eaters], should all be maintained
with their proper necessities, which should be contributed by the householders.
Even one’s wife at home, with whom one is most intimately attached, should be offered
for the reception of guests and people in general.
One so seriously considers one’s wife to be his own that he sometimes kills himself
for her or kills others, including even his parents or his spiritual master or teacher.
Therefore if one can give up his attachment to such a wife, he conquers the Supreme Personality
of Godhead, who is never conquered by anyone.
Through proper deliberation, one should give up attraction to his wife’s body because
that body will ultimately be transformed into small insects, stool or ashes.
What is the value of this insignificant body?
How much greater is the Supreme Being, who is all-pervading like the sky?
An intelligent person should be satisfied with eating prasada [food offered to the Lord]
or with performing the five different kinds of yajna [panca-suna].
By such activities, one can give up attachment for the body and so-called proprietorship
with reference to the body.
When one is able to do this, he is firmly fixed in the position of a mahatma.
Every day, one should worship the Supreme Being who is situated in everyone’s heart,
and on this basis one should separately worship the demigods, the saintly persons, ordinary
human beings and living entities, one’s forefathers and one’s self.
In this way one is able to worship the Supreme Being in the core of everyone’s heart.
When one is enriched with wealth and knowledge which are under his full control and by means
of which he can perform yajna or please the Supreme Personality of Godhead, one must perform
sacrifices, offering oblations to the fire according to the directions of the sastras.
In this way one should worship the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead, Sri Krsna, is the enjoyer of sacrificial offerings.
Yet although His Lordship eats the oblations offered in the fire, my dear King, He is still
more satisfied when nice food made of grains and ghee is offered to Him through the mouths
of qualified brahmanas.
Therefore, my dear King, first offer prasada unto the brahmanas and the demigods, and after
sumptuously feeding them you may distribute prasada to other living entities according
to your ability.
In this way you will be able to worship all living entities—or, in other words, the
supreme living entity within every living entity.
A brahmana who is sufficiently rich must offer oblations to the forefathers during the dark-moon
fortnight in the latter part of the month of Bhadra.
Similarly, he should offer oblations to the relatives of the forefathers during the mahalaya
ceremonies in the month of Asvina.* One should perform the sraddha ceremony on
the Makara-sankranti [the day when the sun begins to move north] or on the Karkata-sankranti
[the day when the sun begins to move south].
One should also perform this ceremony on the Mesa-sankranti day and the Tula-sankranti
day, in the yoga named Vyatipata, on that day in which three lunar tithis are conjoined,
during an eclipse of either the moon or the sun, on the twelfth lunar day, and in the
Sravana-naksatra.
One should perform this ceremony on the Aksaya-trtiya day, on the ninth lunar day of the bright
fortnight of the month of Kartika, on the four astakas in the winter season and cool
season, on the seventh lunar day of the bright fortnight of the month of Magha, during the
conjunction of Magha-naksatra and the full-moon day, and on the days when the moon is completely
full, or not quite completely full, when these days are conjoined with the naksatras from
which the names of certain months are derived.
One should also perform the sraddha ceremony on the twelfth lunar day when it is in conjunction
with any of the naksatras named Anuradha, Sravana, Uttara-phalguni, Uttarasadha or Uttara-bhadrapada.
Again, one should perform this ceremony when the eleventh lunar day is in conjunction with
either Uttara-phalguni, Uttarasadha or Uttara-bhadrapada.
Finally, one should perform this ceremony on days conjoined with one’s own birth star
[janma-naksatra] or with Sravana-naksatra.
All of these seasonal times are considered extremely auspicious for humanity.
At such times, one should perform all auspicious activities, for by such activities a human
being attains success in his short duration of life.
During these periods of seasonal change, if one bathes in the Ganges, in the Yamuna or
in another sacred place, if one chants, offers fire sacrifices or executes vows, or if one
worships the Supreme Lord, the brahmanas, the forefathers, the demigods and the living
entities in general, whatever he gives in charity yields a permanently beneficial result.
O King Yudhisthira, at the time prescribed for reformatory ritualistic ceremonies for
one’s self, one’s wife or one’s children, or during funeral ceremonies and annual death
ceremonies, one must perform the auspicious ceremonies mentioned above in order to flourish
in fruitive activities.
Narada Muni continued: Now I shall describe the places where religious performances may
be well executed.
Any place where a Vaisnava is available is an excellent place for all auspicious activities.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead is the support of this entire cosmic manifestation,
with all its moving and nonmoving living entities, and the temple where the Deity of the Lord
is installed is a most sacred place.
Furthermore, places where learned brahmanas observe Vedic principles by means of austerity,
education and mercy are also most auspicious and sacred.
Auspicious indeed are the places where there is a temple of the Supreme Personality of
Godhead, Krsna, in which He is duly worshiped, and also the places where there flow the celebrated
sacred rivers mentioned in the Puranas, the supplementary Vedic literatures.
Anything spiritual done there is certainly very effective.
The sacred lakes like Puskara and places where saintly persons live, like Kuruksetra, Gaya,
Prayaga, Pulahasrama, Naimisaranya, the banks of the Phalgu River, Setubandha, Prabhasa,
Dvaraka, Varanasi, Mathura, Pampa, Bindu-sarovara, Badarikasrama [Narayanasrama], the places
where the Nanda River flows, the places where Lord Ramacandra and mother Sita took shelter,
such as Citrakuta, and also the hilly tracts of land known as Mahendra and Malaya—all
of these are to be considered most pious and sacred.
Similarly, places outside India where there are centers of the Krsna consciousness movement
and where Radha-Krsna Deities are worshiped must all be visited and worshiped by those
who want to be spiritually advanced.
One who intends to advance in spiritual life may visit all these places and perform ritualistic
ceremonies to get results a thousand times better than the results of the same activities
performed in any other place.
O King of the earth, it has been decided by expert, learned scholars that only the Supreme
Personality of Godhead, Krsna, in whom all that is moving or nonmoving within this universe
is resting and from whom everything is coming, is the best person to whom everything must
be given.
O King Yudhisthira, the demigods, many great sages and saints including even the four sons
of Lord Brahma, and I myself were present at your Rajasuya sacrificial ceremony, but
when there was a question of who should be the first person worshiped, everyone decided
upon Lord Krsna, the Supreme Person.
The entire universe, which is full of living entities, is like a tree whose root is the
Supreme Personality of Godhead, Acyuta [Krsna].
Therefore simply by worshiping Lord Krsna one can worship all living entities.
The Supreme Personality of Godhead has created many residential places like the bodies of
human beings, animals, birds, saints and demigods.
In all of these innumerable bodily forms, the Lord resides with the living being as
Paramatma.
Thus He is known as the purusavatara.
O King Yudhisthira, the Supersoul in every body gives intelligence to the individual
soul according to his capacity for understanding.
Therefore the Supersoul is the chief within the body.
The Supersoul is manifested to the individual soul according to the individual’s comparative
development of knowledge, austerity, penance and so on.
My dear King, when great sages and saintly persons saw mutually disrespectful dealings
at the beginning of Treta-yuga, Deity worship in the temple was introduced with all paraphernalia.
Sometimes a neophyte devotee offers all the paraphernalia for worshiping the Lord, and
he factually worships the Lord as the Deity, but because he is envious of the authorized
devotees of Lord Visnu, the Lord is never satisfied with his devotional service.
My dear King, of all persons a qualified brahmana must be accepted as the best within this material
world because such a brahmana, by practicing austerity, Vedic studies and satisfaction,
becomes the counterpart body of the Supreme Personality of Godhead.
My dear King Yudhisthira, the brahmanas, especially those engaged in preaching the glories of
the Lord throughout the entire world, are recognized and worshiped by the Supreme Personality
of Godhead, who is the heart and soul of all creation.
The brahmanas, by their preaching, sanctify the three worlds with the dust of their lotus
feet, and thus they are worshipable even for Krsna.