The Prophet reached Quba, a suburb, in the outskirts of Yatrib.
As soon as the news of his arrival spread through Yatrib, the people of Yatrib flocked
in to greet the beloved Prophet with great merriment, and joy.
In Quba, the Prophet laid down the foundation for the Quba Mosque.
After staying in Quba for four nights, the Prophet set off towards his final destination
in Yatrib.
There he bought a piece of land, and built a mosque, known today as Masjid-e –Nawabi
(meaning the Prophet's Mosque).
The Messenger of The God then laid down the constitution of Yatrib, later to be known
as constitution of Medina.
Some of the provisions of the constitution are shown here.
The following clauses of the constitution was binding upon all the citizens of the state
of Medina. 1.
The security of God is equal for all groups.
2.
All communities shall be the constitutionally subjected to the state.
3.
It shall be incumbent, upon the Non Muslims to observe and adhere to any peace treaty,
they are invited to participate in.
Likewise, it shall also be incumbent upon the Muslims to observe and adhere to any peace
treaty, they are invited to.
4.
The valley of Medina is sacred, and there shall be prohibition of fighting and bloodshed
among the various communities of the state.
5.
The Muslims, and the Non Muslims, shall be jointly responsible to defend the state of
Medina, against any outside attack.
6.
Every party to the treaty, shall be responsible for the measures and arrangements of the defense
of its facing direction.
7.
Verily, whoever goes out on a military expedition shall be provided with security, and whoever
stays in Medina (Yatrib) shall have likewise, except those who commit oppression and violate
the contents of this constitution.
8.
No party shall have the right to violate the constitution.
Every person, who is guilty of a crime, shall be held responsible for his act alone.
9.
Verily, this constitutional document shall not protect any traitor or oppressor.
The following provisions, in the constitution was binding exclusively on the Muslims of
Medina: 1.
Muslims are one community to the exclusion of all men.
2.
Muslims shall not leave Muslim destitute. 3.
The Muslims shall not leave a debtor among them, but shall help him in paying his ransom,
according to what shall be considered fair.
4.
A Muslim who believes in the God, and in the Hereafter, and agrees to the contents of this
document, shall not provide any protection or concession, to those who engage in mischief,
and subversion against this constitution.
5.
There shall be collective resistance by the Muslims against any individual who rises in
rebellion, attempts to acquire anything by force, seeks to spread injustice, or sin or
animosity, or corruptions; violates any pledge or attempts to spread mischief amongst the
Muslims.
Such collective resistance against the perpetrator shall occur even if he is the son of anyone
of them.
6.
Whenever Muslims differ on a matter, it must be referred to the God and the Messenger of
the God.
7.
The God’s protection is one; the least of them may give protection to a stranger on
their behalf.
8.
The peace granted by the believers shall be one.
If there is any war in the way of Allah, no Muslims shall make any treaty of peace (with
the enemy) apart from other Muslims, unless that is based on equality and fairness among
all.
The constitution had the following provisions for the Non Muslims (that is the Jews and
the Polytheists and other faiths in Medina)
1.
The Non Muslim shall be considered a community along with the Muslims.
They shall be guaranteed the right of religious freedom, along with the Muslims.
The right shall be conferred on their associates, as well as themselves, except those who are
guilty of oppression, or the violators of treaties.
They will bring evil only on themselves.
2.
Non Muslim members have equal political and cultural rights as Muslims.
They will have autonomy, and freedom of religion.
3.
The Non Muslim will be responsible for their expenditure, and the Muslims theirs.
4.
If attacked by a third party, citizens of Medina (Yatrib) shall come to the assistance
of the other.
5.
Each party shall hold council with the other, and the wronged party should be assisted.
6.
All citizens of Medina (Yatrib) shall contribute to defending Medina (Yatrib), in case of a
foreign attack in its respective area.
7.
The Non Muslims shall contribute to the cost of war, so long as they are fighting alongside
the Muslims.
8.
Non Muslims will not be obliged to take part in religious wars of the Muslims.
9.
Citizens of Medina (Yatrib), Non Muslims and Muslims should boycott Meccan Polytheists
commercially, they shall also abstain from extending any support to them.
10.
Medina (Yatrib) shall be a sanctuary for the people of this document.
The Messenger of the God then changed the name of Yatrib, to Medina Munwara, meaning
the city of enlightenment and Medina became an Islamic state.