bjbjVwVw RAY SUAREZ: To explain why Morsi took these steps and the reaction that followed,
I'm joined by Nathan Brown, an expert on Egyptian constitutional law and politics.
He's a professor at George Washington University.
And do you find it significant that this wasn't just Tahrir Square, but Alexandria, Port Said,
even all the way out in Asyut at the other end of Egypt?
NATHAN BROWN, George Washington University: Oh, yes.
Essentially, most of the non-Islamist political forces in Egypt, that is the Brotherhood,
the Salafi movements aside, have lined up against this.
The real question is, are they going to be able to form a united front, and do they have
any strategy by which to overturn Morsi's decisions?
RAY SUAREZ: Now, what exactly has he done through these decrees?
What did he say -- what powers did he give to himself, basically, until there's a constitution?
NATHAN BROWN: Well, he did a lot of little things.
He dismissed the old prosecutor, who was seen as a holdover from the old regime.
He promised those people who have been injured in the demonstrators around the revolution
state support, payments and this sort of thing.
He promised new trials.
But the main thing that he did was to take all of his actions, and place them outside
of court review.
And he also made it impossible to disband the constitutional assembly that is now writing
the document.
He had already assumed not simply presidential powers, but legislative powers.
That, he did in August.
What he is doing right now, what he did yesterday, was to place all of his actions, and those
of the constitutional assembly, beyond the reach of the judiciary as well.
RAY SUAREZ: Now, we heard the reaction from the streets of Egypt.
President Morsi in his own defense says, hey, actually, I'm defending the revolution because
there's been so much obstruction that I need these powers just to run the country until
there's a new constitution in place.
Is that a plausible argument?
NATHAN BROWN: It's a plausible argument, but I think for the transition it's a dangerous
one.
Essentially, what you have is the transition process that's worked in a very, very bad
fashion since the beginning and it simply isn't producing a consensus.
There is this constitutional assembly.
It has got 100 people who are supposed to be writing the constitution.
It's dominated by Islamists.
So, the non-Islamists in the body were threatening to walk out, not cooperate.
There were lawsuits against the constitutional assembly.
So what Morsi did yesterday was to say, OK, you can't challenge that process.
And I think instead of making it so those people come back to the assembly and really
buckle down and write a consensus document, what it's going to do is harden positions.
And so those people who are outside of the process, or those people who are a minority
in the constitutional assembly are just going to pull out of it entirely, and the whole
process is going to be essentially taking a constitution and writing a constitution
and then shoving it down the opposition's throats.
RAY SUAREZ: The opposition said that this is the kind of stuff they went into the streets
to oppose when Hosni Mubarak was still president.
Fair point?
NATHAN BROWN: I think it is a fair point.
Morsi's defense would be this is only temporary.
As soon as the constitution is written, then my powers go back to whatever that document
says.
I'm not going to do this endlessly.
Mubarak kept on declaring a state of emergency and extending it and extending it and so on.
He tailored a constitution to his own liking.
I'm not trying to do that.
Just give me until February, so that I can basically oversee this process, and then we
go back to normal.
RAY SUAREZ: You know, it's only about 48 hours since this guy was the toast of world capitals
for the role he took in bringing about a cease-fire between Israel and Gaza.
Do these things move on separate tracks or did he feel his hand strengthened by that
new attention?
NATHAN BROWN: Well, we have to speculate about motives here, but I cannot believe it's a
total coincidence.
Morsi all along has been trying to assert his authority and feeling that he's constrained
in all kinds of different ways, and therefore he's really tried to find the right time to
make these moves.
Right now, I think he felt that the constitutional assembly was moving towards completion.
There was a sense of crisis coming if this document couldn't get written.
And he had some international room for maneuver.
The United States is not going to take a very strong line against him right after he has
proved so useful.
So, I think -- again, it is speculation.
But I think there has got to be some deliberate attempt to use the current international atmosphere
to move forward domestically.
RAY SUAREZ: Now, it's early days yet to have the square filled once again after the eyes
of the world had been on the downfall of the last Egyptian leader.
Does Morsi still have the upper hand at this point?
NATHAN BROWN: I think he does have the upper hand, but my guess is he underestimated the
popular reaction.
What he had done in his moves yesterday was to pepper his decrees with all kinds of carrots
for different groups of the opposition, hoping that he would be able to split them.
And that hasn't happened so far.
And so what the opposition really has to do, now that they have basically unified against
thee decrees is find some way of challenging them.
Are they going to move to the streets and have demonstrations?
If so, how many people can they get?
Are they going to try to move to the courts and have a court say, you cannot do this,
and then have Morsi say, well, yes, I can, and then have some kind of a constitutional
showdown?
They don't have a clear strategy and that's what they have got to work out over the next
couple days.
RAY SUAREZ: But might this have put pressure in the pipe to avoid despotism, to get a settlement
on a constitution and a new parliament sooner rather than later?
NATHAN BROWN: I think if you take a look at the actual constitution that they're writing,
then you don't see a document that is all that problematic.
Some of the opposition and members of the assembly will have some clauses that bother
them.
It's probably not the constitution that everybody was dreaming about, but it still is a workable
document.
The problem is if you go in, even with the workable document, into a situation where
there is this much distrust and this much bitterness and where people are convinced
that the elections are not really going to be fair, they have got to take their battle
into the streets, then you're not going to have a stable political system that comes
out of this.
RAY SUAREZ: Professor Nathan Brown, thanks for joining us.
NATHAN BROWN: Thank you.
JEFFREY BROWN: We have a slide show of images from Egypt on our website.
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City urn:schemas-microsoft-com:office:smarttags place RAY SUAREZ: To explain why Morsi took
these steps and the reaction that followed, I'm joined by Nathan Brown, an expert on Egyptian
constitutional law and politics Normal Microsoft Office Word RAY SUAREZ: To explain why Morsi
took these steps and the reaction that followed, I'm joined by Nathan Brown, an expert on Egyptian
constitutional law and politics Title Microsoft Office Word Document MSWordDoc Word.Document.8