- Hey, how's it going Duty Sulfurs?
Today, I'm going talk to you about torque
and horsepower.
I'm gonna explain to you what they are
and how they're different.
Now, I know there are some videos on YouTube
done on this subject,
by seemingly very smart people,
but the problem is, that they do it like a dumb ass.
So now I know I'm not the smartest person in the world,
but I'm gonna try to explain it to you like one.
And in order to be able to do that,
and for demonstration purposes,
I'm gonna be using this engine,
this pry bar, this long piece of pipe for some reason,
and of course, our good old white board.
But as far as why are we talking about torque
and horsepower all of a sudden?
Well, that's because I was finally able to find a car
that I've been looking for forever
to do mods on.
That car is going to be featured
in a lot of upcoming videos and it's gotta get a lot of
upgrades and mods in order to increase it's
torque and horsepower output.
Probably a lot of dyno runs as well.
But not to worry, I won't go Fairmont project on you.
Now, I'll feature that car in a separate video,
but go ahead and try to guess
what kind of car wrenches and wrenches
have bought to modify.
Alright, now as far as what's the difference between
torque and horsepower?
Well first, let's start with torque.
Alright, so basically, torque is the measure
of twisting force.
And we're talking about a car engine.
We're talking about how much twisting force
your crank shaft can put out.
So here's the back of the engine
and here's the back of our crank shaft
where attaches to our transmission,
so basically we're talking about how much
twisting force this crank shaft can produce
as it's turning.
Now you might be thinking,
can twisting force be accurately measured?
And oh yeah, it can.
It's called physics.
Now here's a formula for it,
which basically means torque equals distance
times force being applied exactly perpendicular
to our pivot point.
So for example, let's say we want to take off this
axle nut and we wanted to measure exactly how much
torque is required to remove this axle nut?
So we'll grab our pry bar,
put our socket at the end of it,
and if you want to use the equation that's on the board,
to measure the torque required
to remove this nut,
you would have to make sure that this goes on there
or rather the force applied to this
pry bar is exactly perpendicular
to the way our pivot point or rather this
axle with the axle nut at the end of it is.
So as you know, our axle here is going this way.
Here's our axle nut where it's gonna be our pivot point
so if we were to use that equation for example,
we want to make sure when we are applying force to this
pry bar, that this is exactly perpendicular
to our axle.
Now you can still measure torque
if you apply pressure lets say at this
angle but you simply have to use a different formula.
Alright now for simplicity,
lets just simply sat the distance
from the pivot to the end of this pry bar
we're applying force is going to be one foot.
And if you wanted to measure exactly how much torque
is required to twist off this axle nut,
you would simply have to find a way to start
adding weight at the end of this one foot long pry bar
and when we get to weight, where this turns
and loosens our axle nut,
that's how we can measure the torque required
to get this off.
So for the sake of argument,
lets say we put 150 pounds
at the end of this pry bar
and that's when we're able to loosen this.
So next, all we have to do is plug those numbers
into our equation.
We use one foot for the distance,
which was the length of our pry bar
and then 150 pounds which was the amount of force
applied at the end of this one foot pry bar
which equals 150 pound feet of torque.
Now lets say I want to try to twist this off
manually but since I haven't had spinach for today,
I can only put out or apply 30 pounds of pressure
at the end of this one foot long pry bar.
And if you plug in those numbers into our equation
and it's going to mean we're applying
30 pounds feet of torque or twisting pressure
to that axle nut, which is simply not going to be
enough to twist that off.
Alright, so since on this equation
we only have two variables,
and one of those variables
is going to be limited to 30 pounds
we simply have to change the second or the other variable
in order to be able to increase our twisting force.
And you guessed it, all we have to do
is to get a five foot long
pry bar to be able to get the amount of torque
that's required to get that axle nut off.
I don't need to twist off this axle nut
using this pry bar as an example,
but here is some footage from a different video.
(clicking)
Ahh.
Quite orgasmic, I know.
That's right.
In physics, torque is sexy.
Torque is sexy should be on a shirt.
Probably already is.
Now a couple things so I don't confuse anybody,
when people talk about torque from an engine,
they always use one foot as their standard measuring
distance from the crank shaft.
Also torque from your engine battery
is based on how fast your engine
or your crank shaft is spinning.
And when they say, "Let so and so engine."
Let's say this engine has 300 pound feet of torque,
they're basically the saying the 300 pound feet of torque
is the maximum amount of torque
that engine puts out.
Or in other words, we're talking about peak torque
for that engine.
Also something I've noticed,
similar to this equation and what we did with the pry bar,
you can increase and decrease the amount of torque
you get out of your engine
but running the amount of torque
coming out of your crank shaft
through different sized gears,
instead your transmission.
So for example, if you were to over simplify it
we would say our engine can only put out
30 pounds of pressure so we would simply
run it through different gears to get different amount
of torque.
Now of course there are limitations to this
and to find balancing act
that engineers have to pay attention to
when designing transmissions to be linked up
with different engines.
So you can't simply put bigger and bigger gears
in your transmission to get more torque,
and not lose out on anything
and the main one is that when you link up a large
gear in your transmission with your crank shaft,
you do get more torque but the RPM for that gear
is gonna go down and when the RPM of that goes down,
the RPM for your output shaft coming out of your
transmission goes down as well,
which is gonna reduce your overall speed.
Also when you take in your car to get dynode
the numbers you get are the torque and horsepower
at your wheels.
And of course, you always have a little bit more power
at your engine than at your wheel
because between your engine
and your wheel, you have your,
transmission, your axles, maybe a differential
and those all provide some resistance
to the horsepower and torque
that's being transmitted through them.
Alright, so that's all there is to know about torque
now lets talk about horsepower.
Alright, in so many words,
horsepower is simply all about torque
plus time.
Or in other words, what timeframe can I apply
my 30 pounds of whole click pressure
at the end of this pry bar
to twist this nut off.
We're talking about a second, 30 seconds,
an hour, what?
And we're talking about car engines,
here's how the formula looks like.
So horsepower, what do you call torque
times the RPM, or revolutions for a minute
at which set torque was measured,
divided by 5252.
As far as why we need to divide these by 5252
well, it's gonna create a little story.
Long ago in a galaxy not too far away,
this guy over here,
was selling some type of engines.
They might have been steam engines,
and he also may have invented them.
I don't know exactly nor do I care.
But the point is, he had to find a way
of measuring the power out of these steam engines
and equate them to horsepower
since all the work back then was being done
by horses.
So what he did was to pick out a random horse,
then ask his lovely wife which happened to
weigh exactly 550 pounds
at the time, to get inside top of a basket,
and don't judge there,
she's pretty thin where she's from.
And as the horse try to lift
his lovely wife.
And what he found out
was that the horse could lift up
550 pounds, one foot per second.
Or in other words, one horsepower
equals 550 foot pounds per second.
Now from there basically what had to be done
was to convert torque times RPM
into this right here.
And that was done through a page long
worth of math problems and calculations
which we're not gonna get into in this
video, but the result was,
if you were to divide these
by 5252, you would get your horsepower rating.
So yeah basically, we have horsepower
because back then, they used horses
to do work.
This could've easily been,
I don't know, elephant power,
camel power, bull power, donkey power,
all of which would have a different number here.
Also you might find interesting
that when you take your car to get dynode,
what they do is actually measure the torque at your wheel
and once the computer has your torque,
and the RPM at which that torque was measured at,
it plugs in into this equation right here
and gives you your horsepower.
And as I said before, the numbers you get
for your horsepower and torque whenever you get your
car dynode, are your peak numbers.
Basically the maximum your car was able to put out.
Or if this were to be your dynograph,
on this car, you would have 350 pound feet of
torque, and then you would have 300 horsepower
regardless of where that peak torque
or horsepower was measured at
in regards to RPM.
So in so many words,
those peak numbers,
they mean something but they're not everything.
Also if you look at your dynagraph you'll see that
both your torque and horsepower curves,
cross each other at exactly 5252 RPMs.
And again, that's because that's how the horsepower
is calculated from torque and RPM.
Alright, so that's that
but lets go on to the real issue.
So what types of mods do you guys like to see most
on my new project car out there?
And also, what kind of effects do you guys think
a set mod would have on torque or horsepower?
This is gonna be especially interesting,
because I'm planning on taking the car into
to be dynode pretty much after every mod.
So go ahead, leave all your comments and suggestions
down below, and if you see one that you like,
give it a thumbs up
because that's how I see it.
It moves up to the top of the page
and that's how I get to see it.
Alright, so now before you go,
do me a favor and share this video
on your favorite social media network.
Also check out these other related videos
that I have put links to on this side of the screen.
There will also be links down below
on the description box as well.
Alright, thanks for watching.
I'll see you guys next time.
(instrumental rock music)