all right hello all this is dr. Alsup and in this dissection supplementary video we will be
discussing the pertinent mandibular structures for the mastication session and the mandible
is obviously quite important in terms of attachment for muscles that play a role
in mastication and this is the moveable bone of the temporomandibular joint so we have a lot of
fun things to discuss here so let's get started now we are going to be focused primarily on the
ramus portion of the mandible and the structure is located on the ramus so let's remember where
the ramus is now we are looking at a lateral view of the mandible in this image so this is going to
be anterior this will be posterior I knew this was anterior because the teeth are going to be
anterior and so if this is posterior the ramus of the mandible which is this vertical portion
of the mandible will be more posteriorly located the body if you recall of the mandible is going to
be this horizontal portion so ramus is vertical the body will be horizontal so you'll have one
body of the mandible and to remind you can see a little bit of the other mi over here the angle
of the mandible is going to be where that body and the ramus meet up and it's going to be this
most posterior inferior portion of the mandible and I want you to try to palpate your own angle
of your mandible so kind of go back to the most posterior portion but also inferior portion of
your own mandible and you should feel your own angle of the mandible so that can kind of give
you an idea of where the other structures are located now the ramus of the mandible is very
important in terms of attachment sites for the muscles of mastication in fact all four muscles
of mastication will have some form of attachment to the ramus of the mandible so let's talk about
the coronoid process which is one such process so this will be and I'll kind of draw an arrow the
coronoid process this will be the more anterior process of the ramus of the mandible so the one
that are going to be closer to the teeth and this will be one of the distal attachment points for
the temporalis muscle so your temporalis muscle is going to attach over here and other than the
fact that this process is more anterior than the consular process which is going to be over here
the coronoid process is going to be more pointed as you can see fairly clearly right there and it
doesn't have the smooth articular surface that you have on the condylar process so anytime you have
a joint surface you will have a notable smooth surface where articular cartilage was located
during life which is very important in terms of joint function so as you might have guessed the
joint that this condylar process plays a role in is the temporomandibular joint so this is going to
be the mandibular portion of the TMJ this pitched in area right here this pinched in portion of the
consular process will be the neck of the consular process and in between the condylar process and
the coronoid process will be the mandibular notch so this notched end portion right here
literally between those two projections of the ramus of the mandible and you'll often see the
masseteric neurovascular sure that passing over the notch in order to enter the deep surface of
the masseter muscle or the masseeter muscle however you want to pronounce it and that masseter muscle
will be located on the superficial surface of the ramus of the mandible all right now let's
get our bearings as to what we are looking at here what type of view this is going to be a hemi sect
the mandible meaning that the mandible has been cut in half and we are looking at a medial or the
internal portions of the mandible and arguably one of the most important structures of the mandible
for any dentist is going to be this region right in here which is the mandibular foramen and it
is here that the inferior alveolar nerve or your ian which is the afferent supply so
the mandibular teeth is going to enter into the mandible now projecting kind of into the region
of the foramen or the interior portions of the framin is the lingula of the mandible so this is
where that lingula of the mandible is located this structure can be palpated as it is such a sharp
noticeable / noticeable projection and instances where you're trying to guide the anesthetic IAN
blocks the linula is also the attachment side of the sphenoid and emulate all right moving back
towards the consular process which is over in this region let's locate the pterygoid fovea and fovea
just means small fossa so that pterygoid fovea is going to be on this anterior portion of the neck
it is a depression right in there so a small foss out there and it is called the pterygoid
fovea because the inferior head of the lateral pterygoid muscle will have a distal attachment
here so this depression right in this area will be the pterygoid fovea moving anteriorly and
more towards the coronoid process you can see this notable depression right in this region
and this is the retro mandibular fossa excuse me the retro mandibular or the retro molar fossa
sometimes you see it referred to as the coronoid notch so sometimes it's going to be seen as the
retromolar and the reason that it is sometimes referred to as the retro molar fossa is because
it is just posterior to where the third molar would be located in fact the third molar would
be right about here ish because this is your first molar in your second molar this would
be the third molar so it is just posterior to that third molar and that relationship between
the fossa and the third molar is important because there's some important vasculature
located around this area that people need to be aware of with third molar extractions the
temporalis muscle will often have some tendon that extends into this area as well okay lastly this
region right here this crest portion is referred to as the temporal crest I just wanted to make
this cursive and be fancy so the temporal crest is named its name because the temporalis muscle
will have some of its distal attachment part of its tendon extending into the temporal crest
region so it will extend a little bit they'll have attachments on the coronoid process as well
as down to the temporal crest and a little into the retro mandibular or retro molar fossa region
right here alright so that wraps up the wonderful world of the ramus of the mandible I hope you're
really beginning to appreciate its importance in terms of the temporomandibular joint as
well as a side of attachments for the muscles of mastication thank you for your time and attention