JUDY WOODRUFF: In this next report in our series on child care, the lack of affordable
child care is not just an issue in urban and suburban communities. In rural America, limited
access can also take a toll on small town economies.
Special correspondent Cat Wise and producer Kate McMahon traveled to Nebraska to see how
two small towns there are working to solve problems.
It's all part of our series Raising the Future: America's Child Care Dilemma.
CAT WISE: It's a peaceful morning outside the Coffey family home in Shickley, Nebraska.
Inside, the morning rush has begun.
SADIE COFFEY, Former Superintendent, Shickley Public Schools: Getting Hank ready Homework.
There you go.
CAT WISE: Sadie Coffey is a mother of four, ranging in age from 1.5 to 14. Her husband
heads to work most mornings by 5:30, so she's in charge of getting everyone up and ready.
Shickley is a small town, just 341 people. Agriculture drives the local economy and supports
businesses along Main Street. About 10 years ago, there was concern that those businesses
and the wider community were facing a rocky future, not because of falling crop prices,
but for a lack of child care.
A community survey revealed child care was a critical need for young families. Worried
they might move away and businesses would suffer, the town took action. In 2013, using
state grant money, local tax dollars, and fees from parents, Shickley created something
the nation has seldom seen, an infant and toddler child care program owned and operated
by a public school district.
Coffey has not only been a parent in the program. She's also been in charge of it the last three
years as the superintendent of Shickley Public Schools.
SADIE COFFEY: Here at Shickley Public Schools, we are diapers to diplomas. That child care
obstacle isn't an obstacle anymore. And that's huge.
CAT WISE: As the country grapples with child care issues like access, affordability, quality,
and work force pay, Shickley's public school model aims to address all of them. The school's
program serves children from 6 weeks old through the age of two.
Twenty are currently enrolled, and another 20 are in the school's pre-K program for 3-
and 4-year-olds. The infant and Toddler program is open year-round and participation is optional.
Parents pay $27 a day per child, about $6,000 a year for full-time care.
That's less than the typical rate for infants and toddlers around the state, but for families
who need help, there is financial aid. Coffey says the program is a great value for the
quality of care children receive.
SADIE COFFEY: Our certified teachers, our paraprofessionals, just in the last three
years, they have clocked in over 360 hours of professional development.
CAT WISE: Equally significant, those teachers' salaries and benefits. Nationally, child care
providers earn, on average, about $12 an hour, much less than their counterparts in K-12
public schools.
SUE LOSEKE, Shickley Public Schools: I am on the same pay scale as the K-12 teachers.
I get full benefits. And, to me, that is a wonderful thing.
Let's get you wrapped up, shall we?
CAT WISE: Infant lead teacher Sue Loseke is using her degree in early childhood education
rocking babies. She earns $53,000 a school year, plus summer pay.
SUE LOSEKE: I'm just as valuable as any other teacher that's getting paid the teacher wages.
We do the exact same thing.
CAT WISE: Kate Gallagher agrees. She's the director of research and evaluation at the
Buffett Early Childhood Institute at the University of Nebraska, one of the country's leading
academic programs dedicated to studying early childhood learning and development.
KATE GALLAGHER, University of Nebraska: You cannot educate children without caring for
them, and you cannot care for children without educating them.
They are inextricably linked. Children need safe interactions, with warm, one-on-one,
language-rich interactions with adults that can be provided by a variety of adults.
CAT WISE: In Shickley, Loseke and her colleagues follow state-approved curricula for early
learners, but she says that doesn't mean she's quizzing babies.
SUE LOSEKE: I don't have set lesson plans. They are learning to stack and use their fine
motor. We can count. We can do colors. They all like to be all together.
CAT WISE: The public school here in Shickley has provided a welcome child care solution
for this small community. And some early childhood experts say public schools nationally could
play a larger role to addressing child care shortages.
But surveys indicate working parents want choices when it comes to where they put kids,
especially when it comes to infants and toddlers, and that's why another Nebraska town is taking
a different approach.
About 160 miles West of Shickley, a meeting was recently held in the town of McCook. Those
in attendance included local community and business leaders. The topic of discussion?
Nighttime child care needs for staff at the town's hospital and a manufacturing plant.
ANDY LONG, McCook, Nebraska, Economic Development Director: What were the requirements to be
able to do overnight care?
CAT WISE: Andy Long is McCook Economic Development Director. When he started his job three years
ago, he was surprised that one of the first issues he needed to tackle was child care.
ANDY LONG: Very quickly, I learned from a hospital CEO that lack of child care was really
hurting our local work force.
CAT WISE: Long and his colleagues knew they needed some help, so they turned to a statewide
initiative called Communities for Kids. Developed by the Nebraska Children and Families Foundation,
the program provides three years of technical and financial support to help towns like McCook
figure out their unique child care needs and develop local solutions.
For McCook, a town of about 7, 500 people, demand for more infant care was top of the
list, according to Long.
ANDY LONG: Right now, in McCook, our average household income is around $45,000. So people
can't afford a whole lot for child care services.
Our centers, they have to have a ratio of one staff member for every four infants. So,
on the business side, infants are kind of their loss leader, so they can get more toddlers
and preschool kids, which is where they make up the gap and what they lose with infants.
CAT WISE: The McCook child care task force came up with a way to bridge that gap and
make the business of infant care more attractive for center and in-home care providers.
Last year, they pulled together a $50,000 fund from local taxes, donors and businesses.
They offered monthly incentives to providers who added infant slots and one-time grants
to start new child care businesses.
ANDY LONG: We have probably created about an additional 20 infant spots and about 60
more additional total child care spots.
CAT WISE: I stopped by one of McCook's child care providers who used the fund to expand
her business, Chelsey Eng. Eng purchased a vacant church last year with the help of the
business incentives.
She now has slots for about 50 kids, including after-school care. And she's also caring for
her own two children, who are 1 and 5. The community fund gives her an extra $500 a month
for two infants.
CHELSEY ENG, Child Care Provider: When they put this incentive out, I think it gave people
more incentive to like, OK, yes, we need to step it up and do something with the infant
care, because we had tons of people in the community calling and saying, do you have
spots for infants?
CAT WISE: Eng says, even with the extra community support and some government COVID assistance
over the past year, it's still tough for her financially, and she sometimes feels undervalued.
CHELSEY ENG: I still don't think people realize that we are your backbone. Like, without us,
you don't go to work. And if the schools close, we're still here.
KATE GALLAGHER: The national picture has been severely undervalued infrastructure, severely
undervalued infrastructure, to the degree that we say, it's just day care.
Well, that's absurd. High-quality child care is good for children. We have data. We know
that.
CAT WISE: Parent Staci Dack feels her little ones are getting good care when she leaves
them with Eng, even when they have a few tears during drop-off.
Dack is a 24-year-old mother of two and family practice nurse. She was struggling to find
child care when she was on maternity leave with her daughter and considered quitting
her job. Then she heard Eng was opening a new center with more spots, and that was her
bridge back to work.
STACI DACK, Nurse: I think more people are realizing that, if us parents don't have day
care, then you don't get the food on your table. You don't get the health care that
you need. Everyone needs it to have some place for their kids to go while they work and make
the world go around.
CAT WISE: Back in Shickley, the increased access to child care is a much-needed help
for families today, but there is already a need for even more care options.
The infant and toddler rooms are at full capacity for at least another year.
For the "PBS NewsHour, " I'm Cat Wise in Nebraska.