JUDY WOODRUFF: But now: Suicide is now the second leading cause of death among people
aged 10 to 18.
That's according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
How to tackle this problem?
The research points to schools.
Special correspondent Lisa Stark of our partner Education Week visited a high school in Virginia
to see if their approach of teaching mental health can work.
It's part of our ongoing education series, Making the Grade.
COLLEEN HURLEY, Counselor, Freedom High School: Depression is a treatable illness.
True or false?
LISA STARK: This is the kind of lesson you don't often hear in a high school classroom.
COLLEEN HURLEY, Counselor: Every single one of you matters.
We care about every single one of you.
So if you're not feeling great, if you're concerned about a friend who might also not
be feeling great, please, please come tell us.
LISA STARK: The subject, preventing suicide, taught by school counselors at Freedom High
in Chantilly, Virginia.
This district, Loudoun County, is expanding prevention efforts.
It has dealt with 10 suicides in the past three years.
COLLEEN HURLEY: We're going to go over some of the signs of some depression.
Just by a show of hands, can we throw out some ideas that maybe you can identify some
signs of depression that you have seen and recognize?
Yes.
STUDENT: Always feeling sad.
COLLEEN HURLEY: Always feeling sad.
DOUGLAS FULTON, Principal, Freedom High School: We figured we have to be very public about
this.
We have to be up front about it.
We have to talk about mental wellness, and we have to talk about suicide.
We can't hide behind anything.
LISA STARK: Principal Douglas Fulton has made mental health education an essential part
of the curriculum at this high-stress, high-performing public school outside Washington, D.C.
DOUGLAS FULTON: If we're not working on building our mental wellness for all of our students,
we're missing a piece of education.
MOLLY KAMMERDEINER, Former Freedom High School Student: I have grown up with depression and
anxiety.
LISA STARK: Molly Kammerdeiner is a recent graduate of Freedom High now in college and
doing well.
It was a school guidance counselor who first realized Molly could be suicidal and told
her mother, Kim.
Molly was in sixth grade.
KIM KAMMERDEINER, Mother: I was just shocked.
She totally floored me.
She said the reason Molly would be the one kid that you really have to watch is because
she was very popular, great grades.
Nothing pointed to issues with Molly.
Nothing stuck out, except she was always sad.
LISA STARK: Therapy helped.
Molly has never tried to hurt herself, but she says she hit rock bottom in 11th grade.
MOLLY KAMMERDEINER: I wasn't doing my schoolwork, my grades were dropping.
And I care a lot about my studies, so it was really difficult.
And then, more emotionally, I got hit pretty hard.
And...
LISA STARK: You OK?
MOLLY KAMMERDEINER: Yes.
LISA STARK: You don't have to continue if you don't want to.
MOLLY KAMMERDEINER: But, I mean, it needs to be said.
Sometimes, you come across like everything is completely fine, and there are days when
you just want to die and you feel really, really bad, and no one can see it.
And you're waiting for somebody to see it.
LISA STARK: Molly's older sister did see it, and went to a Freedom High School counselor.
MOLLY KAMMERDEINER: And the counselors at the school were the first person to hop on
it and take care of me and screen me and make sure I was doing OK, and give me options.
And it felt like they cared.
And so that was all I really needed at the time, was I needed to know that somebody cared.
DR.
CHRISTINE MOUTIER, American Foundation for Suicide Prevention: When it comes to educating
our youth, the important things to teach them is that mental health struggles are common
to human experience.
There should be no stigma or shame in that, that asking for help is a good, strong thing
to do, not a sign of weakness.
LISA STARK: Dr. Christine Moutier with the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention
says, even though schools don't have enough counselors and psychologists, many are trying
to make mental health a priority.
DR.
CHRISTINE MOUTIER: They have eyes on our youth of America and can notice changes in their
behavior and act to save lives, really.
LISA STARK: Nearly one in five high school students will seriously consider suicide in
a 12-month period, according to the Centers for Disease Control.
Seven percent will attempt it.
Suicide is now the second leading cause of death for those aged 10 to 19.
Rates are especially high for gay, lesbian and bisexual students and Native Americans.
Suicide experts say there are two key roles that schools can take.
First is to identify students who may be at risk of harming themselves, and then to help
connect them to the mental health services they need.
Mental health issues can start at a young age, and half of all cases start before age
14.
And the teenage years can be stressful, perhaps even more so nowadays, affecting students
of all races and all economic levels, including those at relatively well-off Freedom High.
STUDENT: I'm taking 3 A.P. classes, which has a really large workload.
STUDENT: Social media, that's one huge thing.
That really takes a toll on a lot of us.
STUDENT: The deadlines that we have, things that we feel obligated to accomplish.
MELINA WATSON, Senior Freedom High School: Mental health got put on the back burner,
unfortunately, and it shouldn't have.
LISA STARK: At Freedom, the goal isn't just to help students in a crisis, but to prevent
the crisis in the first place.
They're working to make students feel connected to each other and to the staff.
Not easy in a school of 2,100.
So the school puts every student into an advisory, small groups of 14.
STUDENT: You guys are freshman, so you guys are still learning the ways of high school.
LISA STARK: Freshman advisories are led by seniors, such Arnof Kumar (ph), to help create
a bond between the newest students and the most experienced.
Teacher Debbie Savage runs the program.
DEBBIE SAVAGE, Teacher, Freedom High School: Our overall goal, again, is about relationships
and building relationships, because if you have strong relationships, you're going to
feel good about yourself.
STUDENT: Would you guys like a lollipop?
LISA STARK: There's also a big effort to create a school environment that's welcoming and
supportive.
The students on lollipop duty, they are part of a suicide prevention program called Sources
of Strength used in about 3,000 schools nationwide.
Counselor Monica Belton oversees the effort at Freedom High.
MONICA BELTON, Counselor, Freedom High School: The meat and potatoes of Sources of Strength
is really talking about strength stories, talking about what other kids are doing to
get them through the hard times and how it's working for them.
And so that's what we're asking people to do, is share their stories of strength.
I want you to write down, draw pictures, do whatever you want to do, to let us know about
things that you do that give you strength.
LISA STARK: The focus is on building coping skills using resources such as family support,
positive friendships, mentors, healthy activities.
MONICA BELTON: So we're going to take turns, and everybody is going to present their poster
as a group.
STUDENTS: When we feel sad, or we feel blue, these are some of the things we do.
STUDENT: My name's Alex.
I like to drive.
STUDENT: My name's Lizzy.
And I like to exercise.
STUDENT: Taking long walks, music in my ear, friends all here, working in the gym, making
momma crazy.
STUDENTS: This rap is short.
It's not about length.
We hope you like our sources of strength.
(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE)
LISA STARK: Students recruited to participate come from all parts of the school community
and go through four hours of training.
They will become peer leaders, suicide prevention ambassadors.
Here is senior Melina Watson.
MELINA WATSON: I think, slowly but surely, we have brought anxiety and suicidal ideation
or depression, like, those feelings have become part of like our everyday conversation, which
is great.
LISA STARK: For principal Douglas Fulton, this is personal.
DOUGLAS FULTON: I was a parent who got the phone call, your kid is in the hospital, they
tried to kill themselves.
It's scary.
It's an uncertain feeling for a parent, but it's also time you really question everything.
LISA STARK: His child is doing well.
Fulton hopes the efforts at his school can make a difference.
It did for Molly.
MOLLY KAMMERDEINER: The high school, for sure, they saved me.
And that's a big statement.
But they really -- they did save me.
LISA STARK: And the staff here at Freedom says it is determined to stay vigilant.
In just the first month of school, counselors screened five students flagged as possible
suicide risks.
For Education Week and the "PBS NewsHour," I'm Lisa Stark in Chantilly, Virginia.