Welcome back to another episode of fTD facts. This is a new [generation] of class and now in this episode
[we're] going to be talking about the controversial subject of the
India-Pakistan partition
And now this video is dedicated to all of our viewers from each of those countries as well as anybody else that wants to be
Familiar with a little bit of this history now ever since this partition has happened these two countries
India and Pakistan have several conflicting views on some things now
There's a lot of bias and misunderstanding of what happened and here at FTD facts. We don't take sides at all
So what you'll be getting is unbiased?
Undisputable facts of what actually happened now this video is going to be divided up into five
subsections talking about the people the assets and the resources that had been divided since
Partition as well as we're Gonna touch on some points of conflicts that these countries have
So let's start off with [a] little bit of the history of the partition itself [now] to start [up]
We have to talk about the fact that for almost 200 years the Indian subcontinent
Was ruled by a British Raj Raj is a hindi form for rain most of India was directly [under] the British rule
[60%] of the Total area and as much as 75% of the total population
But there were a few hundred princely or native states that the British ruled
Indirectly now at its height the British Raj was made up of not just present-day
India with the exception of small portuguese and French owned territories
but was also made up of Pakistan Bangladesh and Myanmar and also for shorter period Of time
[Aden] now part of yemen and British, Somaliland
which you can tell by [the] name is now part of
Somalia now at war two ended the British realized that they could no longer hold on to India
and in early 1947 Lord Louis Mountbatten
he was the last governing official of British, India he set a deadline for
Independence for August 15
1947 [now] on July 8th the British lawyer sir Cyril radcliffe arrived in India with a plan that divided the [hindu-majority]
Lands from the [muslim-majority] ones then in august of 1947 the British finally left after partitioning the Indian subcontinent
into two separate nations which were India and Pakistan on august 14 Pakistan became an independent country
But it faced
several problems
One of those issues was that it never had natural borders such as a river a sea or some sort of Mountain range also
Pakistan was divided up into two regions
and these two regions were west Pakistan and east bengal and those two regions were separated by about a
Thousand miles of land that belonged to India so as you could imagine it was pretty difficult to govern a country
Where one land was over here and another part of the land was?
Way over there now also when it came to drawing the borders one of the big issues was that no amount of population distribution?
could Perfectly divide the Hindus Muslims and sikhs
[62%] of the area of undivided punjab was given to India along with
55% of the population now the punjab region was split in two punjab Pakistan and punjab, India
following the independence and our [tition] of the two countries back in 1947
Now this border rent from Kashmir States South along the huge River
Leaving one sub district of the goodest per district to Pakistan and giving the rest all to India
And I guys before I continue
I want to know what do you love about your country let me know down there as well as if you are proud of your
Country regardless of what your country is let me know by hitting the like button now
Let's talk about the refugees issue
now when radcliffe's plan to make the division became public a lot of violence and riots broke out all over the country [now] [the]
Partition had left up to 1 million people dead and forced 20 million people to move one [way] or the other
Across the new border so millions of people found themselves living in the wrong
Country and became victims of discriminatory attacks people thought that if you're Muslim and wanted to be safe he had to move to Pakistan
[if] you are not muslim you had to go to India now this led to one of the largest mass migrations in history
[5.3] million Hindus fled from Punjab and sindh into India and
5.9 Muslims spread from India into West Pakistan also 3.3
Hindus Fled East Bengal and also 1.3 million Muslims fled from India into east Bengal and
More than 1 million refugees migrated from East Pakistan, which is now bangladesh to West Bengal in India
Now on April [8] in 1950 there was a pact called [in] [Delhi] pact now
this was signed in new Delhi, India by India's prime Minister, Jawaharlal
Nehru and Pakistanis prime minister liaquat Ali Khan now the pact was to allow refugees to return
Safely to where they came from to take care of any unfinished business that they have as well as all abducted
[woman] and stolen properties were supposed to be returned and the pact also [cancelled] out any [force] religious conversions now
Let's talk about some of the assets that were divided up after the partition
Among other assets that had to be distributed were the wine cellars and those would stay in India
Because Pakistan would be an islamic state where alcohol is Haram however Pakistan was supposed to be monetarily compensated
for its share up the value of the wine now at the time there was only one government press that printed the money and
India did not want to [hand] that over so in Pakistan began its existence and used Indian currency and stabbed the [name]
Pakistan over
India now in terms of the military this was one of the major issues
Because at first the British were reluctant to divide up the forces
but [eventually] it was agreed that they would split this [thirty-six] percent and forty four percent between
Pakistan and India respectively now the soldiers were given freedom to join whichever country they wanted so Muslim forces went to Pakistan and
[non-Muslim] forces went to India nothing is now in Pakistan's Army their army of
150,000 men needed four thousand officers, but there were only
2,500 trained Muslim officers so focus on did what I had to do and I had to take about five hundred
British soldiers for the time being now. We move on into the Kashmir controversy, so the tricky part of the
[1800] Mile Line Dividing Pakistan and India Laid north of
Punjab and this used to be the princely state of Kashmir and its ruler had to decide whether to join
India or Pakistan after Independence now the state had a mostly Muslim population
But a Hindu ruler who wanted to keep Kashmir independent and because of this a rebellion broke out and caused the King maharaja
Here singh to ask for India's help this resulted with Kashmir joining
India now the war broke out between the two countries over this in 1948 and again in 1965 and also again in
1999 the Indo-Pakistan war of 1947 to 1948 created a state called [Aza]
Jammu and Kashmir [also] known as a Jk. Which is a
self-governing administrative division of Pakistan now most of Kashmir at this point is India held While Pakistan holds the
Eastern Portion
And if on who you're talking [to] the map of India and Pakistan could vary now this is because the line that divides the two
Countries, it's not actually an international border determined by officials
But rather it's considered a line of control which was the result of a ceasefire
And the fifth point of controversy that we're going to look at is the size [Shan] glacier now to further complicate things
There's also a line of actual control in the Indian subcontinent
high North dividing the territory that is held by India but sometimes claimed by
Pakistan from Territory Held by China
But claimed by india yeah pretty tricky hopefully you got that now this area is called oxide chin
And it was occupied by [China] during the brief sino-Indian war in 1962 now
India and Pakistan agreed to respect the line of control by the simla agreement in
1972 but this document [actually] left out the seishun Glacier which India then occupied in
1984 and occasionally battles have began over this area and the seishun glacier is a
Great place to have because it's considered the largest single source of fresh water on the Indian subcontinent
[and] it's also the highest battleground in the world and the Indian soldiers there are at
21,000 feet above Sea level now
It serves, India's interest to guard this glacier since this glacier prevents a direct link between Pakistan and [China]
So there you have a guy that concludes this episode of FTD facts
We only scratch the surface so guys if you want to part two and if you want some more on this let me know down
There in the comment section there was a ton of information that we obviously can fit in this video again
There's no heat coming from us. We just like to take a look at the facts and hopefully come to an understanding
That's how we do it here on this channel
It's an open conversation so feel free to join in on the conversation down below in the comments until next time guys I
[or] I can't in and hopefully you guys if you weren't familiar with this history now you found out a little bit more of why?
There is some contention between the two countries at times