hi let's talk about the arteries that supply the four mid and hind guts so when we look at
the abdominal aorta we'll see that there are both visceral and parietal branches and then
that abdominal aorta is going to divide into the right and left common iliac artery before
it does so there are three anteriorly oriented branches which are responsible for serving the
digestive system these include the celiac trunk the superior mesenteric artery or the SMA and
the inferior mesenteric artery or the IMA so let's take a look at what the celiac the SMA
in the IMA branch to serve so here is a cadaveric view of the abdominal aorta and we can see
these anteriorly associated celiac trunk SMA and ima the celiac trunk is going to serve
the foregut the SMA is going to serve the mid gut and the IMA is going to serve the hindgut
so let's take a look at the the celiac trunk and its branches so there are three major branches to
the celiac trunk the smallest of which is the left gastric and that left gastric branch is going to
serve the lesser curvature of the stomach it's going to ultimately anastomosis with the right
gastric branch coming from the common hepatic artery which we'll see later in addition to
the left gastric artery there's also a splenic artery and I'll leave it to your imagination to
figure out where that's going to hint it has to do with this organ here and then there's the common
hepatic artery which is the other major branch of the celiac trunk that is ultimately going out to
serve the liver the gallbladder the duodenum and portions of the pancreas which we'll see
so let's take a look at the the nitty-gritty of some of these branches so let's start with the
splenic artery so we don't have an unobstructed view of the splenic artery but I assure you that
it goes out towards the spleen along the way it's going to send out several branches to
the pancreas things like the dorsal pancreatic artery the greater pancreatic artery and as it
continues on it will give off short gastric branches up to the fundus of the stomach it
will also give off splenic branches to the spleen and it will give off a left gastro
omental branch that left gastro omental branch is going to serve the greater curvature of the
stomach as well as the omental apron and much like the left gastric artery anastomosis with
the right gastric artery to serve the lesser curvature of the stomach that left gastro
omental branch is going to anastomosis with a right gastro elemental branch coming ultimately
from the common hepatic artery to serve the greater curvature of the stomach and the
omental apron so that's the splenic artery let's turn our attention to the common hepatic
artery the common hepatic artery deviates to the right and it's going to give off a right
gastric artery that right gastric artery isn't pictured but it's going to anastomosis with the
left gastric artery to serve the lesser curvature of the stomach the common hepatic artery deviates
right laterally and it's going to bifurcate into two branches there's the hepatic artery
proper which is heading up towards the liver and then there's the gastroduodenal artery which is
going to descend towards the duodenum that hepatic artery proper or HAP is what gives off the right
gastric artery to serve the lesser curvature of the stomach whereas the artery proper continues
on to give off left and right hepatic branches to serve the left and right lobes of the liver
respectively the gastroduodenal artery is going to supply the right gastro a mental
artery which anastomosis with the left gastro mental artery to serve the greater curvature
of the stomach as well as the omental apron and it also gives off both anterior and posterior
superior pancreaticoduodenectomy look at the names pancreaticoduodenectomy head of the pancreas or
this region here the anterior pancreaticoduodenal no artery or the anterior superior hang crowd go
duodenal artery will be anterior the posterior superior pancreaticoduodenectomy with branches
of the IMA which are anterior and posterior branches of the inferior pancreaticoduodenectomy
in the head of the pancreas represent regions supplied by both branches of the celiac and
superior mesenteric arteries coming from the celiac we have the common hepatic artery which
branches into the gastroduodenal artery which ultimately branches into the anterior and
posterior superior pancreatic code - water is which we can see here so there's the anterior
superior pancreaticoduodenal artery descending down and supplying the duodenum and the head of the
pancreas with blood the superior mesenteric artery which we're going to get to in a moment one of its
first branches is the inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery which has both anterior and
posterior branches and we can see that inferior pancreaticoduodenal here and in posterior
branch running posteriorly in an anterior branch running anteriorly now branches of the inferior
pancreaticoduodenectomy with those anterior posterior superior pancreaticoduodenectomy
with some of those pancreatic branches of the splenic artery as well and so anastomosis
between the celiac and superior mesenteric arteries are not rare by any means looking
at the superior mesenteric artery you'll recall that this predominantly serves the mid gut and
its first branches we've just discussed is the inferior pancreaticoduodenectomy I referred to
as intestinal arteries because they're supplying the small intestines with blood and then there's
also the colic branch and that colic branch or colic branches are going to serve the distal
ileum as well as the portions of the large intestine that correspond to the mid gut so
the cecum and appendix the a sending colon and the transverse colon and let's have a look at some of
these branches now so here we can see the superior mesenteric artery descending and it's giving off
all of those intestinal branches left laterally right laterally it gives off the middle colic
artery that's going up toward the transverse colon it also supplies the right colic artery which is
going toward the a sending colon and it continues as the ileal colic artery to supply the cecum in
appendix as well as the ileum and you can see that there is a nice anastomotic loop here to supply
the ileum and then that is contiguous with the body of the SMA which is giving off all of those
intestinal arteries now it's really - no is that the marginal right and ilio colic arteries don't
directly supply the large intestine with blood what they do is they supply the marginal art rate
with blood and that marginal artery then sends branches to the large intestine that marginal
artery is going to be contiguous throughout the large intestine and so what we'll see is
not only will those colic branches of the SMA feed into the marginal artery but the branches of the
inferior mesenteric artery will also feed into the marginal artery and so we have a significant
open and a stenosis between the SMA and the IMA via that marginal artery let's take a look at
the inferior mesenteric artery here it is coming off of the abdominal aorta and it's giving off
the left colic artery which is heading toward the descending colon it also gives off several sigmoidal
arteries or sigmoid arteries and then finally it's terminal branch is the superior rectal artery
so the sigmoid arteries at least as well so that left colic artery feed into the marginal
artery which then is contiguous about the large intestine so we've got those anastomosis there
and that superior rectal is heading down to supply the rectum and the anal canal with blood thank you