JUDY WOODRUFF: Now: the loss of a giant player in the world of organized labor.
Richard Trumka was at the helm of the nation's largest labor
federation, the AFL-CIO, for more than two decades. He died today.
Paul Solman begins our look at his impact.
RICHARD TRUMKA, President, AFL-CIO: The American labor movement is right here with you today.
We will stand shoulder to shoulder with you for as long as it takes!
PAUL SOLMAN: Richard Trumka, unswerving advocate for working women and men,
ally of Democratic lawmakers and presidents.
JOE BIDEN, President of the United States: He was always there. He was an American worker,
always fighting for working people, protecting their wages, their safety, their pensions,
and their ability to build a middle-class life.
PAUL SOLMAN: Trumka grew up the son and grandson of miners
and followed his family into the coal mines of Pennsylvania.
College and law degrees helped take him to the top at the United Mine Workers.
From there, he moved to the AFL-CIO, still, as always, a fiery and passionate presence.
RICHARD TRUMKA: I will stop demonizing big business just as soon
as they put their country before their profits and they put their workers before their greed.
(CHEERING AND APPLAUSE) RICHARD TRUMKA: I will stop at that point.
PAUL SOLMAN: Trumka has spent his career trying to reverse the waning influence of unions.
But since the miners strike he led in 1989, union membership in America has dropped by nearly half
to some 10 percent of the work force. An opponent of free trade,
at the 2016 Democratic National Convention, Trumka came out against the proposed TPP trade agreement,
the Trans-Pacific Partnership. It was never approved.
RICHARD TRUMKA: TPP is a very bad agreement. Covers 40 percent of
the world's economy, and it will cost us jobs.
PAUL SOLMAN: More recently, Trumka made waves by supporting workplace vaccine requirements,
a position many unions oppose.
Forever marching to his own drummer,
Richard Trumka died of a heart attack today at the age of 72.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And now we take a closer look at the life and legacy
of Richard Trumka with someone who knew him well.
Robert Reich served as secretary of labor from 1993 until 1997 under President Bill Clinton.
He's an author and he teaches at the University of California, Berkeley.
Robert Reich, welcome back to the "NewsHour."
And we're so sorry for your loss.
ROBERT REICH, Former U.S. Labor Secretary: Judy,
it's really a loss for America, the loss for the labor movement, loss for American workers.
Rich Trumka really embodied the best of the labor movement, in the sense of protecting
workers and understanding that workers needed more bargaining power in our system, not only
in our particular companies, but also in our political system, if they were going to do better.
JUDY WOODRUFF: What made him the leader that he was?
ROBERT REICH: I think it was a combination of his tenacity and genuine passion.
You know, Washington is filled with some very good
people and some pretty cynical people. But Rich Trumka really did understand
the plight of working people in America. He never forgot his origins. And he felt it deeply.
Every time you were with him, every time I was with him, I understood where his passion
came from. It came from his heart. It came from his background. He knew that working
people in America were being, let's face it, shafted by many, many large companies.
JUDY WOODRUFF: As we just reported, Robert Reich,
at the same time, we know that the number of American working people represented by labor,
by organized labor has shrunk. It's something like 10 percent. It used to be much more than that.
How did he deal with that? And it clearly had to be enormously frustrating to him.
ROBERT REICH: I'm sure it was. And he said to me a number of times he shared the frustrations.
I think the way he dealt with it was to push as hard as he could. But he
was, Judy, facing the headwinds of corporate America that was determined to shrink and bust
unions. I mean, look what Amazon did in Bessemer, Alabama, just a few months ago.
The National Labor Relations Board just found that Amazon had violated the law.
But it doesn't matter. It's like a -- it's like a kind of slap on the wrist
for many of these large companies. Clearly, we need -- if we care about American workers,
if we care about wages -- and the only way that workers are going to get
real wage increases that really last is if they have more bargaining power.
If we care, then we are going to support legislation that strengthens unions.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And what more did he think needed to be done that wasn't being done,
that was -- that kept seeing organized labor lose, rather than win?
ROBERT REICH: One of the most important
aspects of reform to Rich Trumka is embodied in what's now on the Hill called the PRO Act.
It increases penalties on employers for violating labor laws. And,
remember, we're talking about a law, the basic law, from 1935, the Wagner Act,
the National Labor Relations Act, but with increasing frequency and boldness and,
as I said, because the -- violating the law is almost the cost of doing business.
Businesses are making it harder for people to organize. A lot of surveys show that about
60 percent of American workers would like to have a union if they could. But there has been
a tremendous decrease in the number of workers. In the 1950s, about a third of America's private
sector workers were unionized. It gave them the power to get better wages and working conditions.
Today, it's now down to 6.2 percent of private sector workers unionized. That really eliminates
most of their bargaining power. That's what Rich Trumka really was concerned about.
JUDY WOODRUFF: And if you had to sum up what his message would be,
if he had known he had so little time left, what would it be?
ROBERT REICH: He would say over and over again, in union, there is strength.
JUDY WOODRUFF: Robert Reich, we thank you for joining us.
And, again, we're sorry for your -- the loss of your friend.
ROBERT REICH: Thank you, Judy.