Hi, I’m Marc Franco,
and this is Word of the Week with Snap Language.
Most thing s in life come in shades of gray,
but sometimes we go to the opposite extremes.
Like love and hatred...
and, of course, we have words for them.
Let’s start with the negative ones.
This is a Greek word root.
It forms words meaning “hater,” “hatred,”
“an aversion to something,” or “mistrust of something.”
Gynecology is the science specializing specializing in women’s health, right?
This part of the word means “woman.”
A dislike or distrust of women?
Well, put these word roots together, and you get “misogyny.”
misogyny / mɪˈsɒdʒ ə ni /
Someone who hates or mistrusts women is a misogynist / mɪˈsɒdʒ ə nɪst /...
... and someone with issues to work through.
Blatant misogyny is easy to spot, but misogyny can be subtle sometimes.
Song lyrics can have misogynistic undertones you may not even notice.
They talk about women with disdain, and make women seem like the problem.
misogyny /mɪˈsɒdʒ ə ni/ hatred, mistrust of women
misandry?
/ˈmɪs æn dri / hatred, mistrust of men
Is misandry a thing?...
Well, misogynists surely think so.
The poor guys.
Anthropology is the study of human beings.
Anthropologists study human beings’ origins, culture,
social customs, and so forth.
What if you dislike or mistrust humankind?
Yeah, that’s a thing...
You’re a misanthrope.
Sometimes you see terrible things in the world that make you think
human beings are all kind of evil.
You start seeing people with distrust.
Well, you’re having misanthropic feelings
... or maybe you are a misanthropist,
and you’d rather spend time with your dogs than deal with people.
If you think men are the problem, that’s misandry.
If you think women are the problem, that’s misogyny.
I guess if you’re a misanthrope you don’t do favorites, huh?
You just hate everybody.
misogyny / mɪˈsɒdʒ ə ni /
a misogynist / mɪˈsɒdʒ ə nɪst /
misandry /ˈmɪs æn dri /
a misandrist / ˈmɪs ænˌdrist /
misanthropy / mɪsˈæn θrə pi /
a misanthrope / ˈmɪs ənˌθroʊp /
Monogamy comes from “one” and “marriage.”
monogamy... being married to one person at a time.
bigamy marrying a person before divorcing another.
polygamy marrying more than one person at the same time.
Anthropologists know that,
in societies worldwide, polygamous relationships are the norm.
Wow... sometimes having only one partner is already a lot of work...
What if have an aversion or hatred of marriage?
Hmm...
Well, put those word roots to work.
You’re a misogamist.
A misogamist doesn’t want to have anything to do with
tying the proverbial knot.
Whether it’s a monogamous or polygamous relationship,
it doesn’t matter.
A misogamist doesn’t want to have anything to do with marriage.
misogamy / mɪˈsɒg ə mi /
a misogamist / mɪˈsɒg ə mɪst /
Mmm... all these words with negative connotations!
Let’s lighten up the mood a bit, shall we?
What if you’re not a misanthrope but,
on the contrary, you have a selfless concern for other human beings.
You make charitable contributions to social causes,
or maybe you volunteer your time to help organizations
that help others in need.
You’re a philanthropist.
philanthropy / fɪˈlæn θrə pi /
a philanthropist / fɪˈlæn θrə pɪst /
We saw this part of the word in “anthropology.”
People... humankind.
This part means “loving” or “having an affinity” for something...
Hmm...
Philadelphia...
It’s known as the City of Brotherly Love.
Ah!
philos “loving”
adelphos “brother”
Phila... delphia...
That’s brotherly love.
Right there in the name!
It looks like “philosophy” also has that philo- word root, doesn’t it?
Ah!...
This part of the word means “knowledge or wisdom.”
So, it’s possible “philosophy” came from those roots.
“A love of knowledge...” “the pursuit of wisdom.”
Makes sense... philosophers like to wonder about the world and the mind...
People also like to say they have a philosophy in life,
meaning they have a set of principles that guide their conduct.
“Don’t be afraid to try new things.”
That’s a good philosophy of life.
It gives you a vision... a guiding attitude for your life.
“Live without fear of failure.”
“Always be kind to people.”
philosophy / fɪˈlɒs ə fi /
a philosopher / fɪˈlɒs ə fər /
philanthropy / fɪˈlæn θrə pi /
a philanthropist / fɪˈlæn θrə pɪst /
I’m sure you can guess what the next words mean.
bibliophile / ˈbɪb li əˌfaɪl /
Do you collect books?
Do you love having them around?
You’re a bibliophile.
But why do we say “library” and not biblio... umm...
?
Actually, there is a rare word like that: bibliothec or bibliotheca.
[chuckles]
That’s what we get...
English borrowed words from Greek
then turned around and borrowed words from Latin that
had already been borrowed from Greek...
Over time, we ended up with similar words
sometimes with identical meanings; other times, not so much...
So, a bibliophile probably likes to spend time at the bibliotheca... haha...
... at the library.
Nobody uses that word anymore.
What’s an Anglophile?
/ ˈæŋ gləˌfaɪl /
And a Francophile?
/ ˈfræŋ kəˌfaɪl /
How about a Sinophile?
/ ˈsaɪ nəˌfaɪl /
In this sense, -phile means you admire or you’re interested in something...
You’re interested in all things English...
French...
Chinese...
Ooh.
You can have fun creating new words using -phile like that.
Gamophile?...
Well, think of a misogamist... that’s the opposite of a gamophile.
Many people love being married.
They can’t imagine not being married.
They’re gamophiles.
But, you know... we’re getting really technical here.
Some of these words are only used in certain fields of study... if ever.
But, it’s cool to know that these word roots are so productive in the language...
Crazy about high-fidelity sound reproduction?
You’re an audiophile / ˈɔ di əˌfaɪl /
Video, video recording, and such?
A videophile / ˈvɪd i əˌfaɪl /
Do you like and share Snap Language videos, leave comments, and such?
Well, we’ll call you a Snap Linguaphile.
[chuckles] Well, “linguaphile” is a word.
And you linguaphiles can get
even more out of the channel by becoming members.
When you join the channel,
you get perks, members-only materials, and more direct access to a linguist.
misogynist / mɪˈsɒdʒ ə nɪst /
misandrist /ˈmɪs ænˌdrɪst /
misanthrope /ˈmɪs ənˌθroʊp/
misogamist / mɪˈsɒg ə mɪst /
gamophile / ˈgæ məˌfaɪl /
philanthropist / fɪˈlæn θrə pɪst /
Philadelphia / ˌfɪl əˈdɛl fi ə /
bibliophile / ˈbɪb li əˌfaɪl /
Anglophile / ˈæŋ gləˌfaɪl /
Thank you!
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