SHARMINI PERIES: It's The Real News.
I'm Sharmini Peries, coming to you from Baltimore.
Last week, the Trump administration unveiled a plan to gut the Endangered Species Act,
the ESA.
This law, which Richard Nixon signed in 1973, was passed by Congress almost unanimously.
It is said to have protected over 1600 species from extinction, including the bald eagle,
the spotted owl, and the grizzly bear.
According to the Ohio State University opinion poll, 84 per cent of U.S. citizens support
the ESA, including 74 percent of conservatives.
Still, the Trump administration argues that the way the law is being implemented slows
economic growth; especially the Interior Department of Ryan Zinke, who is Secretary Zinke, is
telling the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration to take economic impacts into
consideration when deciding which species to protect.
Also, the Interior Department wants to reduce the protections for species that are categorized
as threatened by extension.
Now, a 60-day comment period is available and open at this time for citizens to provide
feedback to the Interior Department on the proposed changes to the application of EASA.
Now, we urge people to respond to this.
The deadline is August 7.
Joining me now to discuss the Trump administration's plan to reduce the effectiveness of the Endangered
Species Act is Stephanie Kurose.
Stephanie is an endangered species policy specialist at the Center for Biological Diversity
in Washington, D.C.
Stephanie, good to have you with us.
STEPHANIE KUROSE: Thanks for having me.
SHARMINI PERIES: All right.
Stephanie, let's start off with the two main changes the Trump administration is proposing
in regard to the Endangered Species Act.
First, to include the consideration of the economic impact of protecting endangered species;
which basically means, you know, they have a lot of leeway in terms of what leases they
provide, and so on.
So they're asking to open this up.
And then second, to redefine the Threatened Species categories to be protected.
Now, what impact will each of these changes have on the endangered species, and of course
the biological diversity of our parks and of our land?
STEPHANIE KUROSE: Sure, that's a great question.
Well, the Act, for the first change, the Act makes very clear that when the Fish and Wildlife
Service or the National Marine Fisheries Service, which are the two agencies that implement
the Act, they cannot take economic considerations into account when deciding whether to protect
a species under the Act.
That's why the Endangered Species Act has been so strong, and it's very much driven
by the best available science.
So when these new changes are proposing to essentially change that, and make every listing
into a negotiation.
The Fish and Wildlife has said that they will still consider only the best available science.
But now the economic impact of such decision will be conveniently available for decision
makers to see.
And in this administration, that means that less and less species will be protected.
SHARMINI PERIES: All right, Stephanie, so would benefit from these changes that the
Interior Department is proposing, in terms of the ESA?
STEPHANIE KUROSE: Companies that would benefit are those, the biggest companies in America
that want to continue drilling for oil, digging for coal, cutting down our forests.
Those are the industries that are really driving these changes.
And as I mentioned before, this is not being driven by the public.
Four out of five people support the Endangered Species Act and don't want to see, you know,
our imperiled species go extinct.
So really these changes are benefiting, you know, the biggest corporate polluters in the
country, and even those anti-wildlife politicians who have been pressing for reforms to the
Endangered Species Act for many, many years.
SHARMINI PERIES: All right.
Now, some people have actually questioned how effective the ESA has been, and how successful
it's been.
Critics say it has failed because only 1 percent of endangered species have been removed from
the list because they are no longer endangered.
So although this has been in place since 1973, is it or isn't it effective?
What's your criticism of it.
STEPHANIE KUROSE: Well, I would say, respectfully, that that is the wrong way to look at it.
I mean, if you were injured and you had to go to the emergency room you wouldn't expect
to recover in a couple hours or even a couple of days.
So we can't expect a species to do that.
The Endangered Species Act has been 99 percent effective at saving species under its care
from going extinct, and it's put hundreds more on the road to recovery.
And that recovery sometimes takes, you know, more than a year.
Oftentimes, you know, many years.
At which point, you know, at the point at which they're protected under the Act, they've
declined, their numbers have declined so much.
So you can't expect them to rebound as quickly as some opponents of the ESA would like.
SHARMINI PERIES: All right, Stephanie, now, aside from the number of species that have
been protected, what is the broader value or the importance of protecting endangered
species, and how does this compare to Republicans' argument that there is overprotection of species
that hinders economic growth.
STEPHANIE KUROSE: So I don't think we can put a price on protecting our endangered species.
But you know, ecological services in general in this country are a trillion dollar business.
And you know, it's a good talking point for Republicans that the Endangered Species Act
hinders economic development.
But that's just not true.
We've seen development progress even as we protect endangered species.
The Act is a very flexible law.
It allows development to occur as long as we're not killing or destroying endangered
species habitat.
So it's incredibly flexible, and it allows development to still continue.
SHARMINI PERIES: All right, Stephanie, thank you so much for joining us today.
This has been a very interesting discussion.
And on behalf of all of us, thank you for protecting the earth and our endangered species.
All the best, and looking forward to having you back.
Thank you.
STEPHANIE KUROSE: Thank you for having me.
SHARMINI PERIES: And thank you for joining us here on The Real News Network.