Occlusion, in a dental context, means simply the contact between teeth. More
technically, it is the relationship between the maxillary and mandibular
teeth when they approach each other, as occurs during chewing or at rest.
Malocclusion is the misalignment of teeth and jaws, or more simply, a "bad
bite". Malocclusion can cause a number of health and dental problems.
Static occlusion refers to contact between teeth when the jaw is closed and
stationary, while dynamic occlusion refers to occlusal contacts made when
the jaw is moving. Dynamic occlusion is also termed as articulation. During
chewing, there is no tooth contact between the teeth on the chewing side of
the mouth. Centric occlusion is the occlusion of
opposing teeth when the mandible is in centric relation. Centric occlusion is
the first tooth contact and may or may not coincide with maximum
intercuspation. It is also referred to as a person's habitual bite, bite of
convenience, or intercuspation position. Centric relation, not to be confused
with centric occlusion, is a relationship between the maxilla and
mandible. Occlusal problems
Malocclusion is the result of the body trying to optimize its function in a
dysfunctional environment. It can be associated with a number of problems,
including crooked teeth, gum problems, the temporomandibular joint, and jaw
muscles. Teeth, fillings, and crowns may wear, break, or loosen, and teeth may be
tender or ache. Receding gums can be exacerbated by a faulty bite. If the jaw
is mispositioned, jaw muscles may have to work harder, which can lead to
fatigue and or muscle spasms. This in turn can lead to headaches or migraines,
eye or sinus pain, and pain in the neck, shoulder, or even back. Malocclusion can
be a contributing factor to sleep disordered breathing which may include
snoring, upper airway resistance syndrome, and / or sleep apnea.
Untreated damaging malocclusion can lead to occlusal trauma.
Some of the treatments for different occlusal problems include protecting the
teeth with dental splints, tooth adjustments, replacement of teeth,
medication, a diet of softer foods, TENS to relax tensed muscles, and relaxation
therapy for stress-related clenching. Removable dental appliances may be used
to alter the development of the jaws. Fixed appliances such as braces may be
used to move the teeth in the jaws. Jaw surgery is also used to correct
malocclusion. See also
Andrew's six keys to occlusion Dahl effect
Malocclusion – "bad bite" Maximum intercuspation, formerly known
as centric occlusion – the bite in which all the teeth are closed together in
their natural and physiologic position Mutually protected occlusion – the way
front and back teeth protect each other Occlusal splint – used to treat
malocclusions and bruxism Occlusal trauma – problems that arise
from untreated damaging occlusions Overeruption
Vertical dimension of occlusion – a type of jaw measurement
References "Tooth surface loss; Part 3: Occlusion
and splint therapy" British Dental Journal, Vol. 186, No. 5, 1999-03-13,
via nature.com. Retrieved on 2007-08-18. Davies, S., and R. M. J. Gray,
"Practice: What is occlusion?" British Dental Journal, Vol. 191, No. 5, pp.
235–245, 2001-09-08, via nature.com. Retrieved on 2007-08-18.
"What is Malocclusion?". American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry, 2007.
Retrieved on 2007-08-18. "Frequently Asked Questions: Jaw
problems and headaches".. British Dental Health Foundation, 2014. Retrieved on
2014-07-17.