All praise be due to Allah, who had created everything perfectly..
And began creation of man from clay..
And Salat and Salam be upon the messenger who was sent with mercy to the worlds.. and then.
We are still enjoying the shade of these blessed lectures..
studying the words of Allah, Almighty..
So..
The title of today is;
the word; [Ifadah] in the Book of Allah.
When you pour water in a pot, then it is full of water..
and you are still pouring the water..
[Ifadah] is the extra water that falls out of the pot!
This is the meaning of the word.
So, the verb, the origin of this word is related to water..
But, in the Book of Allah, Almighty, we find this word and its derivatives..
in relation to water and to other things!
as will follow..
So, let's explain these verses.
We will begin with water, Allah, Almighty, said:
"And the companions of the Fire will call to the companions of Paradise, "Pour upon us some water.. " 7:50
".. or from whatever Allah has provided you." .. "
".. They will say, "Indeed, Allah has forbidden them both to the disbelievers. "
This was one call among several calls which were mentioned in Sura Al-A'raf.
So, the residents of the Fire (We seek refuge with Allah)..
because of the sever thirst..
they will ask the residents of Jannah..
to pour upon them, some water!
The scholars said: Nothing ever distracts man from his need of water.
so, the blazing Fire didn't distract its residents from asking for water.
We seek refuge with Allah, their torment is severe..
Yet..
their situation, didn't distract them from looking for water!
Allah, Almighty, said:
".. and made from water every living thing.. " 21:30
And, there are many verses about rain, which is a favor from Allah, Almighty.
So, the word; [Ifadah] in this verses, is in relation to water as it is used to be.
From this, the scholars deduced that the best Sadaqah is providing with water!
the charity with water.
And this is more demanded at Summer time..
when it is very hot!
This is number one!
A second indication of the word; [Ifadah] in Quran is..
in relation to eyes welling up with tears.
Allah, Almighty, said:
about some of His righteous servants..
"And when they hear what has been revealed to the Messenger, you see their eyes overflowing[Tafeed] with tears.. " 5:83
".. because of what they have recognized of the truth.. "
So, reciting the words of Allah, is the greatest cause of eyes overflowing with tear.
and, nothing should influence your heart greater than the influence caused by the words of Allah.
There are verses in Quran..
a Muslim should recite them and reflect upon them..
in particularly when he is alone..
and rather with a slightly loud voice..
which he can hear it, as no one is around him..
These specific verses, usually move hearts..
and make eyes well up with tears!
This is a blessing to man, because the prophet, (ﷺ), has mentioned 7 persons in Hadith..
whom Allah will give Shade of His Thrown on the Day when there would be no shade other than His Throne's Shade
He, (ﷺ), said:
'.. and a person who remembers Allah in solitude and his eyes well up. '
I'll give examples of these verses;
Allah, Almighty, said: " O [my] two companions of prison, are separate lords better or Allah, the One, the Prevailing?" 12:39
Allah, Almighty, said:
"Is it you who creates it, or are We the Creator?" 56:59
Allah, Almighty, said:
"Have you not considered your Lord - how He extends the shadow, and if He willed, He could have made it stationary? Then We made the sun for it an indication." 25 45
"Then We [retract and] hold it with Us for a brief grasp." 25:46
You can find many other verses..
and, all the verse of Quran are like this..
but we are weak!
and this weakness in belief, doesn't allow us to have similar reactions.
But, at least, you maybe able to find some verses.
e.g. Allah, Almighty, said at the end of Sura Al-Muminoon..
"So exalted is Allah, the Sovereign, the Truth.." 23:116
And, in Sura Taha, Allah, Almighty, said:
"So high [above all] is Allah, the Sovereign, the Truth. And, [O Muhammad], do not hasten with [recitation of] the Quran before its revelation is completed to you.. " 20:114
".. and say, "My Lord, increase me in knowledge.". "
These were some examples.
There is another situation of eyes overflowing with tears.. not because of reciting Quran..
In case of a person who is sincerely wanting to do an obedience..
Then, he can't do it..
because of an obstacle which he can't solve!
In our time, the best example of this; is a person wanting to do Hajj, to Makkah..
There are good people like you..
praise to Allah you can do Hajj at anytime..
These good people..
can't do Hajj for financial reasons..
and, when they see..
Muslims wearing Ihram, going to the House of Allah..
they can't prevent their eyes from shedding tears!
feeling that he is unable to do Hajj..
For this reason, I say..
And, Allah knows best.
Wealthy people, people who have extra money..
This is one of the greatest deeds, in this day and age..
to help a Muslim..
irrespective of his nationality..
Al-Jannah and the Fire, have nothing to do with nationalities.
To help a Muslim to do Hajj..
who wasn't able to do Hajj for financial reasons.
Today, this is the main obstacle facing many Muslims, who want to do Hajj.
So, the wealthy individuals, merchants, princes etc..
anyone who can afford this..
this is one of the good deeds..
to help Muslims, men and women, to do Hajj to Makkah.
There is an example of such people, in history of Islam, they were crying for not being able to do an obedience.
When the prophet, (ﷺ), invited people to mobilizing the Usrah Army.. to Tabuk battle..
And, the city of Tabuk is very far from Al-Madinah..
very far to walk, on foot.
and there was a big demand on animals..
And, the prophet, (ﷺ), didn't have enough animals to ride..
About seven men came, they wanted to go with the prophet, (ﷺ)..
they were known as; the crying men..
It was said they were from Muzinah tribe..
and they were brothers..
Some said, they are not from the same tribe..
and this is more probable!
Allah said about them: ".. There is not upon the doers of good any cause [for blame], And Allah is Forgiving and Merciful. " 9:91
then Allah said:
"Nor [is there blame] upon those who, when they came to you for you to take them along, you said, "I can find nothing upon which to carry you.".. " 9:92
".. They turned back while their eyes overflowed[Tafeed] with tears out of grief that they could not find something to spend [for the cause of Allah].
They cried because they couldn't do something which is very dear to their hearts..
They were sincere is seeking the obedience of Allah, Almighty..
but they couldn't afford the cost..
And, the prophet, (ﷺ), couldn't find mounts for them!
Is this clear?
This was a situation..
about; eyes overflowing with tears.
And we have examples, not from Quran..
when a situation reminds a person..
of a dear person..
people are still emotional.. this is humanity!
The prophet, (ﷺ), said about our blessed mother, Khadijah:
'I was granted her love.'.
and love is a favor.
When..
Zaynab, his daughter from Khadijah..
married her cousin, Al-'Aas Ibn Abi Ar-Rabi'a..
Khadijah gifted her daughter a necklace.
At the Day of Badr, Al-'Aas Ibn Abi Ar-Rabi'a was captured..
Then, the prophet, (ﷺ), allowed the captured to be ransomed.
then Quraysh sent the ransoms to release their men..
Zaynab, may Allah be pleased of her, was in Makkah..
so, she sent her necklace, to ransom her husband.
which she had from her mother at her wedding day.
the prophet, (ﷺ), recognized the necklace!
he remembered his wife and his daughter..
and, his eyes welled with tears.
Sometimes, a person might face a hardship..
and he can't avoid it!
for example; a patient..
who is related to you; A father, a brother or a son..
a neighbor or a colleague..
or a good friend..
he is in the ICU.. in hospital..
and he is about to die!
Knowing such a thigh might cause eyes well up with tears!
and this is a natural human response..
indicating the softness of hearts..
and the honesty of intentions.
When the prophet, (ﷺ), saw his son Ibrahim..
and, the prophet, (ﷺ), is the master of patients..
Yet, when he saw his 18 month old baby..
gasping for air..
his eyes welled up with tears!
They said to him: Even you, messenger of Allah?!
He answered: 'O Ibn 'Aawf, it is mercy!
whoever doesn't have mercy, will not get mercy!'
All of these were examples of eyes overflowing[Ifadah] with tears.
about tears.
A third situation in Quran is:
[Ifadah] in speech.
What does this mean?
plunged into, and continued in doing a thing..
And, a person won't do [Ifadah] in speech, about a subject, unless, if he likes it!
And the interests of people vary..
according to hearts!
So, when the subject is reproaching others..
some people [Afad] in speech.
to cure something in their hearts.
We ask Allah to purify our hearts from such issues.
Imam Bukhari said:
'By Allah, I never backbitten a Muslim, from the day I knew that it is prohibited..
and, at Resurrection Day, Allah, Almighty, will not ask me about this guilt.'
We seek refuge with Allah, some people love this subject very much..
The subject of backbiting and gossiping.
Some people refrain from this..
When it is goodness, he [Afada] in speech..
and when it is bad, he holds his tongue.
Allah, Almighty, said:
"And if it had not been for the favor of Allah upon you and His mercy in this world and the Hereafter.. " 24:14
".. you would have been touched for that [lie] in which you were involved by a great punishment. "
This verse was about the accusation of the pure, Umm Al-Mumineen, Aishah, may Allah be pleased of her and please her.
by some people, who were weak in Iman..
or by who were deceived by Satan, for some time..
mainly because of the rumor which was spread by the hypocrites..
accusing the chastity of our mother, Umm Al-Mumineen, may Allah be pleased of her and please her.
Allah said: [And if it had not been for the favor of Allah upon you and His mercy]..
and he said: [you would have been touched for that [lie] in which you were involved[Afadtum] by a great punishment].
To indicate that the honor and chastity of Muslims are greatly sacred and holy..
no one is allowed to talk inappropriately about them.
Not to mention, the honor of the messenger of Allah, (ﷺ).
Another example, from Quran, about the word: [Ifadah] in speech..
Allah, Almighty, said, in Sura Al-Ahqaf:
"Or do they say, "He invented it"?.. " 46:8
".. Say, "If I have invented it.. "
".. you will not possess for me from Allah at all.. "
".. He is most knowing of that in which you are involved[Tufeedon].. "
".. Sufficient is He as Witness between me and you.. "
The meaning of the verse..
The disbelievers from Quraish, said to prophet Muhammad..
Jibril didn't come to you..
and, Allah didn't send you with a message..
not to anyone..
and you have written this yourself..
or someone told you about it, then you claimed that it is from Allah!
So, Allah told His prophet, to tell them..
[Say, "If I have invented it]..
[then there is nothing whatsoever you can do to save me from Allah]..
What does this mean, exactly?
I'll explain the verse with an example..
What is your name?
Abdullah..
Suppose that, Abdullah..
is a very wealthy person..
he has a disagreement..
What is your name?
Loay.
he has a dispute with Loay!
so, he said to me; O Salih..
Say bad things about Loay, and don't mind him, I'll defend you..
if any thing went wrong..
besides, I'll give you great gifts..
So, I'm motivated to insult Loay..
knowing that Abdullah will reward me, and protect me..
is this clear?
Because I know that he is a wealthy man, he is the owner of half of the city!
Is this clear?
So, logically the bargain is successful..
However, it is ethically and religiously unacceptable.
But, practically it is acceptable.
there is a mutual benefit.. for the partners.
Is the example clear?
In our verse, Allah, Almighty, says to His prophet;
[Say, "If I have invented it, you will not possess for me, from Allah at all]..
i.e. If I was..
as you claim, let's assume it is correct for the sake of argument..
however they were lying.
If we assume you were right..
and I've invented this Quran, saying it is from Allah..
then, Allah won't let me get away with this!
Okay?
He will not let me without punishment, if I would tell people a lie, about Him..
saying that Allah has sent me, and He didn't!
So, he will punish me.
And, I'm certain that..
you are not able to protect me from the punishment of Allah.
This is I know for sure!
you are not able to protect me from the punishment of Allah.
therefore, it is not logical that I should lie about Allah, for your sake..
and you have nothing to give me in return!
In our example, Abdullah have many things to do for me.
As for you, you cannot protect me from the punishment of Allah..
It is not logical that I would lie about Allah, and you cannot even protect me from the punishment of Allah.
Is this clear now?
[Say, ˹O Prophet,˺ “If I have done so, then there is nothing whatsoever you can do to save me from Allah].
[He is most knowing of that in which you are involved[Tufeedon]]..
i.e. the allegations which you are talking about, day and night..
claiming that I'm a magician, a liar..
claiming I'm a priest..
But, Allah, Almighty, is seeing you..
[Sufficient is He as Witness between me and you]..
each one of us, as Muslims, should keep this last statement..
in his heart.
Allah, Almighty, said:
"Ask ˹them, O Prophet˺, “Who is the best witness?”.. " 6:19
".. Say, “Allah is!.. "
This concept is a great door to increasing of Iman, in the heart of any Muslim.
Whenever you want to be steadfast on obedience..
remember that Allah is a Witness, seeing you!
And, whenever you want to leave disobedience..
remember that Allah is a Witness, seeing you!
For example, when you do your Salat..
Say this verse at Qiyam Salat, at night..
[Ask ˹them, O Prophet˺, “Who is the best witness?” Say, “Allah is!]..
So, only Allah, He is the best witness.
When a person enters a certain place..
and he feels ashamed to be seen in such a place..
of course, a man should protect his reputation among his respected people..
and he should be careful not to be seen in such a place.
I want you to make yourself used to the fact that, Allah, Almighty, is seeing you, with certainty.
all the time..
even in a situation of a very good deed..
and no one is seeing you!!
In such case, when a person is not seen by others, he might be less motivated..
For that, Jibril asked the prophet, (ﷺ); What is Ihsan (i.e. perfection or benevolence)?
The Prophet (ﷺ) said, "Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him..
and if you do not achieve this state of devotion, then (take it for granted that) Allah sees you.'
This is the greatest level;
To worship Allah as if you see Him!
The saying of Allah, Almighty, which helps you to reach this level is:
[Say, "What thing is greatest in testimony?" Say, "Allah is!]
So, Allah knows it all, also that which people do nor know.
And, Allah is able to do it all, also that which people are unable to do.
This is in the explanation of the saying of Allah, Almighty: [He is most knowing of that in which you are involved[Tufeedon]].
The last part is about [Ifadah] in a place.
When you move from one place to another.
Allah, Almighty, said: ".. But when you depart from ʿArafat.. " 2:198
And, Allah said: "Then depart from the place from where [all] the people depart.. " 2:199
Arafat is a great, glorified land..
Which is not part of the Haram land of Makkah..
So, Quraish used to prevent Standing on this place, at Hajj..
They say: 'We are [Al-Hums].. (meaning that they are strict in their religion), we do not Stand outside the borders of Al-Haram land.'
May Allah, grant us all piety..
and guide us all to what He loves and approves
And, Allah knows best.
and may Salat and Salam be upon Muhammad and his family..
And all praise be due to Allah, Lord of all worlds.