-[Henry VO] Turning back to Tony Gonzalez,
we had one more seemingly-impossible story to
share.
Tony's third great-grandfather, George Betts,
was likely born into slavery in Wilmington,
North Carolina, some time around the year 1828.
Searching for traces of his life,
we found something that every African-American hopes to find,
but very few do.
-[Tony] "$50 Reward.
The above reward will be given for the apprehension and return
to me of my Negro man George Betts,
who run away on Wednesday evening last.
He is a tall mulatto, about 26 to 27 years of age,
well known about town, a carpenter by trade,
and was purchased by Mrs. Betts.
He is most probably lurking about town."
-Tony, your third great-grandfather ran away.
-Mm!
-[Henry] He escaped from his enslaver.
-Damn right he did!
-[Henry] What's it like to see that?
You know, we all know that-- you've heard about the
Underground Railroad. -Uh-huh.
-And we know that some enslaved people ran away,
but there's actual proof that your ancestor,
listed by name, actually ran away.
-[laughs]
That doesn't surprise me;
my family, they don't like authority too much.
We, we! I'm with it too.
Can't tell me anything.
That's good.
-[Henry VO] At the time of his escape,
George had at least three children with a woman named
Polly.
Polly is Tony's third great-grandmother,
and we believe that George likely ran away because his
owner was trying to sell him, and thus separate him from Polly
and their family.
But whatever his reasons, George's plan did not succeed.
-[Tony] "I hereby notify the public that the outlawry against
my boy George Betts is hereby recalled."
-[Henry] Mm-hm, that means he was caught.
-Oh! Okay.
-It means "You don't have to look for him anymore 'cause we
found him and he's home."
-Okay.
-[Henry] So now comes his punishment.
What do you think happened to him?
-I don't even want to know. -[chuckles]
-I hope for his sake is wasn't bad!
We'll see.
Maybe they sold him down anyway, I don't know.
-Well, let's find out. -[Tony] Mm-hm.
-Please turn the page.
Tony, the record you're looking at is dated January 15th,
1855, four days after the notice you just read about George's
capture.
Would you please read the transcribed portion?
-"I, William A. Berry, have sold and delivered unto the said
Joshua G. Wright a certain Negro slave named George,
a carpenter by trade."
So he sold him. -[Henry] He sold him.
Your third great-grandfather ended up being sold away from
the woman he loved and the three children he fathered.
Can you imagine?
-Yeah, tough. -[Henry] Mm-hm.
-Tough.
The reality of a lot of...
of a lot of slaves.
-[Henry] Yeah. -Yeah.
-[Henry VO] George was sold to a man named Joshua G. Wright.
Fortunately, Wright lived in Wilmington,
so George was not far from his family.
We don't know, however, if they were able to see each other.
In fact, we know nothing specific about George's
experience with Wright.
But as we dug through the records that Wright left behind,
we found something to help Tony imagine what his ancestor
endured.
-[Henry] Please turn the page.
Wanna know who that is?
-Uh...
[sighs] do I wanna know who this is?
[both chuckle]
Who is that?
-That is the white man who owned your ancestor.
-[groans]
-[Henry] That is Joshua G. Wright.
He is the man who bought your ancestor George when he ran
away. -Yeah.
-George would have seen that man every day,
and every day, he would have known that that man had the
power to sell him further away from his wife and three children
at his whim. -Mm-hm.
Yeah.
-[Henry] What do you feel when you look at that?
-You know, at first-- you go in waves.
The first thing you wanna react is, like, anger and go,
"Screw this guy, F him," you know?
But then, you think, "Andrew Jackson, presidents..."
-Mm-hm, George Washington.
-"George Wa-- people in political power,
leaders of our nation.
This was normal." -Mm-hm.
-This was just-- it just is what it is.
-[Henry] Mm-hm. -And so...
I think to myself, "This guy didn't know any better.
He was just doing the norm.
This is what everybody did; everybody had slaves."
It's not like he said, "Oh, I'm gonna do something awful,"
awful was the norm. -Right.
-And so I'm not gonna get too emotional with anger or sadness
because of this...
ignorant man.
I'm not gonna call him-- he didn't know.
-[Henry] Mm-hm.
-So that's the way I look at all...
ignorance, whether it's going on today or back then;
a lot of these people, they don't know.
His dad-- who knows how he was raised...
-Mm-hm. -[Tony] And what he was told.
Racism, to this day, it's learned.
Little kids aren't racist. -[Henry] Mm-hm.
-[chuckling] Go spend some time with some kids at a school in
kindergarten; they're not racist.
That's learned.
And so this fool [chuckles] learned this from his parents.
-[Henry VO] Despite the system that so abused them,
Tony's ancestors forged a bond that could not be severed.
In 1866, just a year after the Civil War,
George and Polly appear on what was known as a "cohabitation
record," formalizing a decades-long relationship that
had not been legally recognized under slavery.
-So Tony, what it means is as soon as your ancestors were
free, they got married, in effect.
-Yeah, cool.
-Isn't that amazing? -Yeah, good for them.
I love how...
they were together for that long,
and then as soon as they get the chance to make it legal,
they do it. -[Henry] Mm-hm.
-I think that speaks to who they were as a people.