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In this video I would like to talk about equivalent fractions
What do all of these words have in common?
They all mean “ hello” in their language.
They mean the same thing, but express hello in different ways.
What does this have to do with equivalent fractions?
Equivalent fractions look different, but express the same thing.
Let’s look at some examples,
In each picture you can see the shaded areas are divided differently, but are the same
size shape.
How can you identify equivalent fractions if you don’t have a picture?
Let’s investigate.
Equivalent fractions have the same value, even though they look different.
When you multiply the top number the numerator, and the bottom number ( the denominator) by
the same number the fractions keeps the same value.
Let's work an example.
3/4 times 2 =6, and 4 times 2 equals 8 Therefore, 3/4 and 4/8 are equivalent fractions.
This time I will multiply 3/4 times 3, and I get 3 x 3 = 9, and 4 x 3 = 12
Again, 9/12 are equivalent fractions They look different, but have the same value.
We can even go backwards, if we have 16/32 I can divide each by 2 and the 16 becomes
an eight, and the 32 becomes 16, so 16/32 is the same as 8/16
Working with equivalent fractions you may see a problem like this.
1/2 what is the equivalent fraction of another fraction with a denominator of 16?
One secret is because 16 is larger than 2 you will be multiplying.
Next, just divide 16 by 2 which is equal to 8
2 x 8 = 16 What you do to the bottom of the fraction,
you must complete on the top of the fraction.
Multiply the top number by 8, so the equivalent fraction is 8/16
Let's work another example, of this.
Let's try 5/8 and this time you have a fraction 20 as the numerator.
Again, the number is larger so you will divide.
20 divided by 4, and repeat the same process on the bottom.
8 x 4 = 20/32 Let's complete one in the opposite direction
This time we have 12/24, and I would like to know what is the equivalent fraction with
2 on the bottom.
2 is less than 24 we will use division.
24 divided by 2 = 12 What you do to the bottom you must complete
to the top.
12 divided by 12 = 1, so 1/2 is an equivalent fraction.
Some times you encounter a word problem like this.
Find an equivalent fraction of 8/16 with a numerator of 16
Let's write the first fraction down.
We know if it is an equivalent fraction we will put an equal sign.
The numerator is the top number, and I need to find the denominator.
16 is larger than 8 so it will be a multiplication problem.
16 divided by 8 = 2 What I do to the top of the fraction I must
complete on the bottom.
16 x2 = 32, so the equivalent fraction will be 16/32
Finally, let's work one more.
Find an equivalent fraction of 12/18 with a denominator of 3.
I take 12/18 is equal to a fraction with 3 on the bottom.
Because 3 is smaller I know that it will be a division problem.
18 divided by what number equals 3?
18 divided by 3 = 6 What I do to the bottom I must complete to
the top.
12 divided by 6 equals 2 The equivalent fraction of 12/18 equals 2/3
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