Hola. En esta lección, vamos a hablar acerca de los mandatos irregulares de la segunda persona singular.
If you watched the previous video on forming commands in the tú form,
you should remember how we form the commands for most verbs.
See how you do in the following.
Determine which of the words on the screen are affirmative tú commands.
You should have gotten the following.
How’d you do?
Well it should have been pretty easy because if you remember from the previous video on affirmative tú commands
the affirmative tú commands are basically just the él, ella, usted form of the present tense.
So now if I were to give you three verbs in the infinitive,
you should be able to change them to their command form, right?
Try to change them.
You should have gotten... "baila" (dance!), "corre" (run!), "duerme" (sleep!)
Remember these would be different than the tú form in the present tense in meaning....
The command, of course, means “do it!”
while the tú form in the present tense is just describing something that happens or is happening.
So using the él / ella / usted form to form the tú command will work for most verbs,
but there are still some irregulars.
Here are some of the more common verbs that will be irregular in the commands:
They would change to the following:
ven
di
sal
haz
ten
ve
pon
sé
So as you can see, these don’t follow the pattern of the rest of the verbs.
If only there were a way to remember these.
Well, awhile back a fellow Spanish teacher taught me a saying that you can use to remember it.
Keep in mind this is not my creation or idea
but as Spanish teachers, we typically share ideas with each other.
So
if you can remember the following said in a horribly strange accent
Ven di sal haz ten ve pon sé. (Sounds like "Vin Diesel has ten weapons eh?)
They you should kind of hear out of that...
Vin Diesel has ten weapons. Ey?
But in a strange accent.
And maybe that can actually help you remember the affirmative tú commands that are irregular. ven di sal haz ten ve pon sé
So go ahead and match the following irregular tú commands to their english translation...
Pause video and check word bank if you aren't sure about a word.
pon: put sé: be haz: do or make
sale: leave ten: have ven: come
di: say ten: have ve: go
sé: be haz: do or make sale: leave
pon: put ve: go ven: come
ten: have pon: put sé: be
haz: do or make ve: go sé: be
di: say ve: go ten: have
ven: come ten: have di: say
Muy bien. Now let’s go ahead and figure out which command would fit in the following situations.
Pause the video if you need more time and check the word bank if you aren’t sure about a word.
Juanito llega de la escuela y camina hacia la televisión.
Su mamá le dice: —Primero haz la tarea!
Juanito se cae de su bicicleta.
Entra en la casa llorando.
Su mamá exclama: —Ay mijo dime qué pasó!
Notice “mi hijo” is often shortened in speech to "mijo" which is a contraction like don't or doesn't.
And notice that "me" is an indirect object pronoun and we put those at the end of the affirmative commands.
El cuarto de Juanito está muy desordenado.
Hay ropa sucia por todas partes.
Su mamá le dice: —¡Pon tu ropa sucia en el cesto!
El hermano de Juanito le dice algo feo y Juanito le pega.
Su mamá le dice a Juanito: — ¡Ve a tu cuarto!
Juanito juega en el baño y su mamá quiere usarlo.
Ella toca a la puerta y grita: —¡Sal del baño!
Unos amigos le invitan a Juanito a jugar afuera pero hace frío.
Antes de salir de la casa, su mamá le dice: —¡Ponte una chaqueta!
En una tienda, Juanito le pregunta a su mamá: —¿Ya nos vamos para la casa?
Y su mamá le responde: —Sé paciente, mijo.
La mamá de Juanito abre el refrigerador y no hay leche.
Le dice a Juanito: —Ve a la tienda por leche.
Tengo una cosa más...
Go ahead and translate the following into Spanish.
Remember that the verbs are irregular..
Pause the video if you need more time and check the word bank if you aren't sure about a word.
Do me a favor.
Hazme un favor.
Notice “me” is a direct object pronoun and we attach these at the end of our affirmative tú commands.
Tell us the truth about what happened.
Dinos la verdad de lo que pasó.
And notice “nos” is an indirect object pronoun and we attach it at the end.
Put the dirty dishes in the sink.
Pon los platos sucios en el fregadero.
Be happy!
¡Sé feliz!
Go to the party.
Ve a la fiesta.
We're at my house. Come over!
Estamos en mi casa. ¡Ven!
Be careful on the trip!
¡Ten cuidado en el viaje!
You could also say: ¡Cuídate! for "take care!" but that isn’t an irregular verb. So that's why I didn't use it.
Get out of the car!
¡Sal del coche!
Get out of here!
¡Vete de aquí!
Notice we attach the reflexive pronoun: te
And there are many ways to say "Get out of here."
Other ways would be "Lárgate", "Márchate" but we're trying the irregular in this video
so irse (to leave / to go) would be irregular.
Muy bien. The verbs in this video are some of the most common irregulars.
But you might notice that there are other verbs that contain the verbs in this video in them
and therefore also change in the irregular way.
Por ejemplo: tener is "to have"
mantener is "to maintain"
So the command of mantener in the tú form would be mantén
poner is "to put/place/set"
suponer is "to suppose"
To tell someone "suppose!" in the tú form, "¡Supón!"
Venir is "to come" and Prevenir is "to prevent"
To tell somebody in the tú form "Prevent" (something)... ¡Prevén!
These are just some of many verbs though that have these irregulars inside of them!
Oh and there’s one more thing you might come across as you’re learning Spanish and the affirmative commands.
Occasionally, you might hear estar as a command...
You don’t hear it used too often, but one specific phrase is common
especially when parents are talking to their children or that kind of thing.
And that is:
"estate quieto" or if talking to a girl, "estate quieta"
This is like saying, "Calm down!" "Sit still!" or simply "Be quiet!"
it’s weird because estar usually isn't reflexive
but it’s made reflexive here for emphasis.
Some of the other forms you might hear in the usted form would be:
"estese quieto" or for a female "estese quieta"
And the ustedes form would be "estense quietos" or for females "estense quietas".
Muy bien... es todo por esta lección
Hopefully you’ve found it helpful and understand a little more how to command people around in Spanish.
Feel free to practice your own irregular affirmative tú commands in the comments section below!
Gracias por mirar y nos vemos.