everyone around the world operates on batteries more and more frequently each year in 2022
electric car sales surpassed 10 percent of all vehicle sales worldwide and by the end of this
decade they are expected to reach 30 percent this rise will only be accelerated by policies around
the world for example current climate legislation in the U.S is investing billions on EV incentives
and Battery manufacturing gas-powered car vans were enacted by the European Union and a number
of U.S states and they will take effect in 2035. numerous batteries better and less expensive ones
will be needed during the shift and so every research team is doing their best to innovate
a new generation battery that will eventually solve this Global issue every car maker is racing
to develop this next Generation battery that is cheaper can pack more energy and faster to charge
just our luck Elon musk's research team accidentally invented this new battery that
will forever change the EV industry hello everyone welcome back to Elon Musk Evolution where we bring
you the most recent news about Elon Musk and his multi-billion dollar companies space news
and the latest science and technology but before we begin make sure you subscribe to our Channel
and click the Bell icon so you don't miss any of our amazing videos Lithium-ion batteries which
have been around for a while and are also used in computers and cell phones power the majority
of EVS today the cost of today's EVS is beginning to approach that of gas powered cars and they can
go hundreds of miles between charges thanks to the years of development that have helped drive
down prices and increase performance along with these novel uses Lithium-ion batteries are also
being used for grid electricity storage which can help balance out erratic renewable energy sources
like wind and solar however there is still a lot of space for development both academic
research facilities and Commercial Enterprises are looking for ways to advance the technology
increasing capacity reducing charging times and lowering costs even more affordable batteries
are desired which will enable EVS to drive much farther on a single charge and serve as
cheap storage for the grid finding alternatives to the common lithium-ion chemistry is being
pushed at the same time by fears about the availability of essential battery components
like Cobalt and lithium one thing is certain in the midst of the exploding battery development
the skyrocketing demand for electric vehicles and renewable energy and the fact that batteries will
be crucial to the switch to renewable energy the forever battery could revolutionize the EV sector
batteries are made up of three components an electrolyte an anode and a cathode they work by
boosting the passage of ions between the cathode and anode through the electrolyte the chemistry of
liquid batteries is the foundation of conventional lithium ion batteries in other words they consist
of a liquid electrolyte solution linking a solid cathode and anode for years these batteries have
performed Marvels but they are now reaching their limit in terms of energy cell density because of
the physical limitations of a liquid electrolyte that simply means that we want a fundamentally
different battery if we want our phones watches and electric automobiles to operate longer and
charge more quickly then comes the solid state battery the name pretty much says it all when
it comes to solid state batteries consider the liquid electrolyte solution found in standard
batteries make it solidify by compressing it make a tiny incredibly compact solid battery
with no wasted area so it can charge more quickly and last much longer the effects of
salt solid state battery chemistry are undoubtedly profound solid-state batteries May hold the answer
to extending the life of our phone's batteries allowing smart watches to charge completely in a
matter of seconds and yes even enabling electric cars to go thousands of miles between charges
solid-state batteries are a crucial technology required to advance the EV Revolution into its
next stage of supercharged growth which is why insiders refer to them as forever batteries and
why these batteries are the reason why they are the Everlasting batteries solid-state battery
production was until recently a science fiction concept due to how difficult it was to accomplish
then a group of brilliant Stanford scientists and academics joined in 2010 they established a
company called quantumscape with a few other Tech Executives and financial support from some of the
most renowned Venture Capital firms in the world in essence the solid state battery issue has been
resolved by that company 12 years later the main problem with solid-state batteries is something
called dendrites which are little fissures that develop in the solid electrolyte while charging
and recharging finally they grow to such a size that they Short Circuit the battery therefore
creating a solid electrolyte material that is resistant to dendrites is what will ultimately
lead to the great advancement in solid-state batteries with a single layer battery cell
Quantum scape accomplished this on a very small scale in the latter half of 2020 a single layer
battery cell is undoubtedly insufficient to power a car but since then the business has
demonstrated that their novel patented Battery Technology functions in cells with 4 and 10 layers
and it is even beginning to function in cells with 16 layers the startup only recently began
delivering prototypes to auto manufacturers an early results show that they are effective
quantumscape seems to have cracked the code or put it another way it looks to
have created a solid state that will operate in a vehicle the Next Generation EV battery should
be commercialized by Quantum scape within a few years generating billions of dollars in Revenue
the seemingly unachievable is in fact on the verge of being so we now have everlasting batteries
the best technological developments of the 2020s are solid-state batteries which are
the technology of the future however it is only now that technological advancements have made
the impossible possible to put it another way a variety of chemical reactions are necessary
to produce useful solid-state batteries you need to execute a lot of chemical processes
to determine which compounds combine well under different stress tests in order to
create solid-state batteries that function this is physically possible however that requires a
lot of time and resources instead all of these reactions might be simulated on a computer and
the most promising ones could then be tested in a lab the latter method is a great deal more time
and money efficient for making batteries on a computer simulate countless reactions which
are the most promising in the lab carry out those reactions follow what has proven to be effective
computing power is the development's driving force behind solid-state batteries and that engine is
about to get immeasurably better and faster owing to a little-known technology that will overhaul
today's computers and finally render them obsolete the actual secret to making solid-state batteries
a practical reality is this technology and the greatest version of this top secret technology
is being produced by one tiny company in order to create Superior Electric Vehicle batteries
it is already being used by a significant top 10 automaker with such a recent discovery what do you
think Elon musk's reaction will be Tesla currently uses 4680 battery packs in its model Y which
is barely halfway toward the company's stated objective of a 50 cost savings over traditional
batteries Tesla has now employed a solid-state Battery Specialist who is solely focused on the
problem because it has yet to perfect Mass dry electrode production in order to realize the
full potential of the 4680 cell a larger 4680 cell which was intended to be used in EV power
packs and cost half as much as its current 2170 batteries was revealed by Tesla on battery Day
2020 but it appears that only 3 600 is saved by using the structural 4680 battery pack that Tesla
began integrating into the model y built at Giga Texas the only physical benefits of the 4680 type
battery rather than some groundbreaking chemistry Innovation are the only reasons for those savings
which are comparatively tiny compared to the large 4680 promises in a direct sell-to-pack Arrangement
the 4680 cells which are significantly larger than the 2170 cells are installed as a permanent
component of the vehicle's body and may sustain structural loads as a result a significantly
lighter battery may be produced using 830 cells as opposed to 4400 thereby increasing volume
utilization and drastically reducing the number of welding sites needed on the negative side it
is now virtually hard to repair individual cells in the model wise 4680 structural pack because it
is now sealed as part of the chassis if Tesla wants to hit the targeted five thousand dollar
or so price point per model y pack it must now Master the trickier aspect of the 4680 battery
cost savings making the electrodes using a dry coating process industry experts predict that
this would enable Tesla to reduce the price of the model y by an additional five thousand two hundred
eighty dollars it takes a lot of time effort and dangerous chemicals to apply the current standard
wet coating to the 4680 cathode which is a nasty procedure on the other hand the dry coating
approach may be used in a much smaller facility and is safer less expensive and more convenient
as a result of Tesla's acquisition of dry process startup Maxwell Technologies in 2019 the
4680 battery Day presentation on the 4680 sales potential was extravagant Tesla is now engaging
experts from outside the company to assist with the process because it was unable to successfully
replicate the technology on a large scale for mass production according to rumors Tesla has hired
Matt Tyler 24 M's VP of advanced manufacturing who has spent the previous six years working on the
creation of a semi-solid battery the development of an ultra thick semi-solid cathode made up of
advanced Cobalt and nickel-free sodium cathode active material is one of 24 M's innovations
that is comparable to the dry cathode coating method that the largest ev manufacturer in the
world is looking to manufacture on a wide scale Tesla left no room for speculation as to why it
chose to work with Mr Tyler who currently has the clearly defined title to director of dry Electro
development in its Cutting Edge 4680 facility in the Fremont Factory Tesla had hoped to Pioneer dry
electrode production by the end of 2022 but that didn't happen so the company is now adamant on
starting the process this year after all ramping up manufacturing of as an inexpensive 4680 cells
as feasible will be essential for maintaining its enviable profit margins in the face of an
EV pricing war that it has instigated Tesla has revealed plans to significantly increase the
Nevada gigafactory's 100 gigawatt hour 4680 battery capacity which may result in annual
federal tax credits of 3.5 billion dollars for the company Tesla has a great chance to
surpass other EV manufacturers in terms of cost Effectiveness if it can figure out how to produce
huge quantities of dry cathodes by that time and with government subsidies in place so will Tesla
Venture into solid-state batteries lithium sulfur batteries will be made by LG Energy Solutions a
manufacturer of the 2170 battery cells used in Tesla's long-range Performance electric vehicles
LG Energy Solutions is also investigating the 4680 and lfp Technologies which are less expensive to
make according to Industry sources in Korea Mass Lis battery cell manufacturer will Begin
by 2027. if all goes as planned they might be used in launch electric aircraft since they would
first require significantly lighter batteries with the same energy density as present ternary packs
in light of the fact that mass manufacturing of solid-state batteries may still be some time off
unlike Lys cells which can act as a temporary fix in the meantime LG may have given up on
investing in them at least for the time being the commercialization of Next Generation Technologies
like lithium sulfur is more advantageous according to one Industry Source all solid-state batteries
have many obstacles to overcome and price issues they added what a lithium sulfur battery could
potentially do if lithium sulfur batteries ever reach the market they could power the
transportation of the future due to their low-cost and great density sulfur is a cheap and common
element there is so much of it on the planet that when it has been stripped of its natural gas and
oil large yellow piles of it are frequently seen outside fossil fuel facilities sulfur however
has long been regarded by electrochemists scientists who study how chemical reactions
generate electricity as a tantalizing possibility for Extraordinary energy storage this is due to
the possibility of creating a remarkable battery using lithium and sulfur that might store more
energy and be produced more affordably than the Lithium-ion batteries currently used in laptops
and electric vehicles according to Selena mikola Jack Chief Battery Technology officer of startup
Leighton a commercial lithium sulfur battery may make electrification something that is
abundant where it's easy to Electrify everything during the Bloomberg new energy Finance Summit
in San Francisco in January in order to create a lithium sulfur battery lighten The Limited nickel
availability is a problem for current Lithium-ion batteries another essential component of modern
Lithium-ion batteries is Cobalt which is primarily mined in the Democratic Republic of the Congo
where human rights abuses are common in the Cobalt mines according to the theory a lithium sulfur
battery might be significantly less expensive and dependent on troubled areas than the existing
lithium-ion battery pack which costs about 150 dollars per kilowatt hour this is because sulfur
is abundant and inexpensive the addition of sulfur to a battery could theoretically result in a super
high energy density or the quantity of energy the battery can store after a single charge currently
electric vehicles have a range of roughly 300 miles per charge but a lithium sulfur battery
May potentially quadruple that distance or provide an EV that is half as heavy as its
lithium-ion-powered counterpart at least these are the major objectives research labs are still
the only place where lithium sulfur batteries are found however as funding from the inflation
reduction act floods an expanding U.S battery Market businesses and researchers are frantically
trying to solve the puzzle of creating a game-changing battery that might overtake lithium
ion as the industry's next big thing technology that can perhaps speed up EVs and sustainable
energy storage is at risk the key issue is whether a manufacturer can create a lithium sulfur battery
that when produced in huge quantities performs as promised while small businesses researchers
and major battery manufacturers are working on the chemistry no lithium sulfur batteries are
currently being produced on a large scale for the market at the BN EF Summit mikola Jack observed
sulfur is unruly lithium is unruly when you put these two elements together you get a chemistry
that is really difficult to work with there's a good reason why this chemistry hasn't been used
in a while one issue is that as it charged and discharged sulfur which serves as the cathode
of the lithium sulfur battery undergoes a phase change it switches between being a solid a liquid
and then back to a solid according to mikola Jack this makes it extremely fussy it makes your head
explode when you work with it early lithium sulfur battery designs involve dissolving the sulfur
component into the electrolyte the medium often liquid through which the ions charge and discharge
numerous attempts to create lithium sulfur batteries have resulted in batteries with
poor performance and dendrites which are microscopic metallic structures that can
grow during charging lithium sulfur batteries have a difficult time maintaining High charging cycles
due to dendrites which lead to short-cirkening and battery failure a crumpled type of graphene
that can be produced by mccola Jack's company Leighton an eight-year-old startup based in
San Jose California is great at allegedly holding the sulfur in the battery together
while simultaneously functioning as a conductor according to the company its Studies have yielded
encouraging results McCool Jack told greenbiz in an interview that she anticipates lighten will be
able to build a respectable battery cell in about a year early consumers will be allowed to use it
but it won't be in huge volume she said lighten intends to market the batteries to automobiles
as well as makers of drones and gliding machines the first lithium sulfur batteries are most likely
to be used in Ultra lightweight vehicles and Equipment the lithium sulfur battery might power
a vehicle with half the weight because it has a two-fold increase in energy density the initial
clients might be determined by that lightweight we shouldn't anticipate the first lithium sulfur
batteries to be used to power vehicles on the roads when they finally leave the lab rather
the sky will undoubtedly be filled with drones and other small aircraft and in the end do you
think Elon Musk has an intention to buy Quantum scape which do you think is cheaper to produce
solid-state batteries or lithium sulfur batteries let us know your thoughts in the comment box below
and that ends today's episode mode what do you think of this episode please subscribe
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