hi let's talk about the pleurae and the lungs in this video we'll talk about the pleural
membranes aka the pluri and we'll discuss the typical features of the right and left lung
so the pluri are serous membranes of the pulmonary cavities when we think of the thoracic cavity
there are three major cavities so laterally we have the pulmonary cavities
and then immediately we have the
mediastinum and its contents and so within the pulmonary cavities are the lungs so like any
serous cavity and membrane lining a cavity there are two components to the pluri there is a
visceral pleura the visceral pleura is the serous membrane that's covering the lungs so on the right
side here this is demonstrating a collapsed lung so we can see all of this structure here
is the visceral pleura we can also see that same visceral pleura on a patented lung
and then there is the parietal pleura the parietal pleura is the pleura that covers the wall
and floor and medial wall of the pleural cavity and we can further subdivide that
parietal pleura into diaphragmatic costal cervical and mediastinal blurry so let's take a look at
each of those but let me erase this so as to not uh not confound anything so diaphragmatic
pleura is pretty straightforward um the plury like the pericardium are going to rest upon
the diaphragm in association and so the portion of the parietal pleura that sits atop the diaphragm
is the diaphragmatic parietal pleura there's also pleura associated with
the ribs and intercostal spaces so that would be the costal pleura so let me
that's the diaphragmatic pleura
that's the costal pleura there's also some
cervical pleura here so cervical pleura actually comes up into the root of the neck
so that's over the cupula of the the cavity there and then finally separating along the uh
the midline here well not the midline but towards the medial aspect is the mediastinal pleura
because it is up against the mediastinum
now the space between the parietal and visceral pleurae is the pleural cavity
so we can see there and if there is any interruption of the pluri
or of the pleural cavity we can have a pneumothorax
pneumothorax is when air invades that pleural cavity and as a consequence of that
the lung can't inflate because the pressure is so great
but there can also be a hemothorax if blood invades that space a kylo thorax if it's lymph
exudate can invade that space many things can and that can compromise the functions of the lungs
so the lungs are bilaterally paired organs of respiration but they're not perfectly bilaterally
symmetrical now the lungs consist of differing lobes and here is where uh all notions of symmetry
fly out the window so the the right lung typically consists of three lobes a superior a middle
and an inferior lobe oftentimes clinicians will refer to these as upper middle and lower lobes
whereas the left lung consists of a superior and an inferior lobe now these lobes are prescribed by
fissures so between the superior and inferior lobes are the oblique fissures
and if you continue that forward that would be an oblique fissure that would be an oblique so
and then between the middle and the superior lobe of the right lung we have the horizontal
fissure
alright other gross features the superior most portion of the lungs are known as the apices
the inferior most portion which is associated with the diaphragm are the bases of the lungs
the medial region is the hilum of the lung so we have two hilah of the lung there
and each hila hosts the root of the lung the root of the lung are the contents that are
being transmitted in and out of each lung so these consist of the primary bronchus
so we can see that right there
the pulmonary arteries
and the pulmonary veins keeping in mind that the arteries are going to
be carrying deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle and the pulmonary veins are going to
be carrying very richly oxygenated blood to the left atrium in addition uh the left lung
has a cardiac notch so this is associated with the superior lobe here the cardiac notch here
is to accommodate the heart and then inferior from that mostly of the superior lobe here there's
a region called the lingula so it's a tongue-like projection
of that superior lobe there we can also see at least here at this particular hilum
a little bit of the reflection of the visceral peritoneum that comes down like a like a sleeve
on a shirt with uh with cufflinks on that surface so that leads us to the assessment question
and that is which space separates the superior and inferior lobes of the lung is it the cardiac notch
no the hilum no the horizontal fissure horizontal fissures between the superior and middle
lobes or the oblique fissure yeah it would be the oblique fissure between
superior and inferior lobes and that oblique fissure will also separate
the inferior and the middle lobe in the right lung as well so thank you very much for your time