G'day and welcome back to Buildsum and as you can see we're out on the job site and
all the wall frames are up, and we're ready to start putting up our ceiling for our pitched roof
so just a couple of points at this stage. you would have all your permanent bracing in place and
you should still have a heap of temporary bracing in and I wouldn't remove any temporary bracing
until I had my roof on just helps to keep the walls nice and straight way pitching the roof
and putting in the ceiling frame and also at the moment
you won't have any of your nominal bracing which is coming from your internal linings
Helping to brace the house, so you want to leave as much temporary bracing in place as you can until you get the roof on
So once you're ready to go the first thing
I would do is I would actually mark out the position of my roof members
Okay, we designed the roof first, and we're going to make the roof
Or we're going to make the ceiling frame fit around the roof the roof frame is sort of dependent on a couple of key positions
Where as we can we can move the ceiling frame around a bit
Now the other thing you'll notice is that we've got a couple of big a big area at this end of the house
Which is fairly open and that's going to take or need some extra support so in the design process of this house we
determined and we identified that when they did a couple of large beams in this area so this one
Here is they're both Strutting Beams
But we're also going to incorporate them into the ceiling design, so this is going to become a cut Strutting
Counter beam and this will end up being a Strutting Hanging Beam
And I'll show you the difference in those as we go
Now a couple of a couple of important things when we put large beams that are going to carry large loads into a house is
One they have to be packed up off
The top plate so that when they're loaded and if they bow
That bow is not going to make a depression in our ceiling so they normally packed up about 25mm
and
We make sure we have a load path so we have a stud
Located directly underneath them so that you can transfer the load straight down rather than through the top plate and then down so
We end up with a large number of studs, or a couple of studs underneath those point loads
Yeah, this one's packed up high enough because it's going to be actually above the joists
Okay, so there's a couple of things that we can do first and then we can drop in our ceiling frame although our ceiling
joist and go into position
Okay, and I'll show you a couple of situations, so
In here over the entry we have a fairly small room. It's only an entryway and
These ceiling joists here what we call they're a single span so they're spanning from this wall
To this wall okay, and that the span tables in the timber frame code
Tell us that they can do that quite adequately so that's all we really need to do with them
We can just drop them in there like that
for a larger room
Like over here what we've done is we've actually taken this joist and we've run it over this wall and
Landed it on this wall, and we could actually run it all the way through if you had a long
piece of timber but in this case we've just gone to there
So this has turned this joist into a Continuous Span joist
So it's running continuous over one or more supports the support being this wall here
Now what that means is that the distance it spans here
Can actually be slightly greater than what it could span if it actually stopped on this wall
so any continuous span
Member can spend greater than that would if it was a single span
and that's because
the sort of seesaw effect over this wall cantilevers or counteracts each other and
It can yeah, its spans more. It's been proven
So even though, this is a little bit longer a little bit wider than that entryway
The span tables tell us that I continuously spend beam can feel still span that distance quite easily, so
That's quite acceptable
Now eventually going to get to a situation where you you're in a room here
And the span is longer than you want a single span on the wall longer than you can have a single span beam
Obviously we can't just put a wall in the middle of room
so we need to somehow put an extra support in here to make these joists carry and
Make them continuous
So what we do is we put in a hanging beam or sometimes called a hanger
Okay again
You'll need to look at the timber framing code to work out the span
Or the size of the beam for the span of the room
but
Get that calculated, and then you can install the hanging beam
You can see that. It's and here has been cut off to match the slope of the roof, and there's certain precautions
We have to take when we do that to make sure that this end is going to take the weight
And because it's such a deep beam
We have to make sure that it doesn't want to turn over on us under load either so on this end you would bolt it
To one of your rafters and you can see on this end we've actually strapped this end with some builders strap to
Stop it from rolling over or you could block it. Yeah, put our solid timber blocking in there. We should have the same effect
Okay, so there's a hanging beam or a hanger
Supporting our ceiling joist over the room now
eventually
Just another point. Sorry before I go on
if you're hanging beam ends up landing on your plate obviously it has to be packed up the
The width of the ceiling joist so in this case 90mm
But if it lands in a section where it's not directly supported, so it's not over a stud
It's a good idea and it's requirement that you beef up your top plate just by putting a noggin on edge
Underneath the top plate just to take some of that load. It's not a great deal of load
It's only a ceiling load, but that just helps to beef up top plate wherever your your hanger crosses a wall plate
Okay, so that's just another thing you need to do
now eventually your
your hanger is gonna get to a point where it's gonna be too long
It won't span that distance itself, so have a look here
We have it we have a hang of running from this wall
All the way through to that wall there and a wooden door by itself couldn't find a hanging beam big enough
so as I mentioned at the start of the video we had to install this which is a
Strutting Beam, but it's also now because it's taking the hanging beams. It's a Counter Beam
and it's the same direction as the ceiling joists and
It is packed up off the plate
At 25mm to allow for any deflection, and it has a point load or the studs under to take the point load
Also the hanging beam is connected to the
the counter beam in accordance with the Timber Framing Code
There are a couple of different methods most common and popular method now days is to use the the proprietary joist hanging boots
Just to connect it in there so
The hanger out is carrying the joists
The counter beam is carrying the hanging beam or the Hanger
Now well can also should use is to to tie the ceiling joist to the hanging beam
You can't just skew nail it you need to use a connection and you can get these fasteners
that are commonly called ceiling dogs, and you can see I've got one there
missed aJoist I've got one there the reason we've done that is because on the other side
They've put the other one and that just means you're loading the hanging beam
Evenly and you're not going to make it want to turn over because you've got all your connecting plates on the one side the beam
So you just stagger it down the beam and that'll help to stop it from rolling over plus
we've got it tied off at this end anyway, so
Now this is a similar situation except. This is a
Hanging Beam
Combined Straining Beam
So it's a similar situation set that's running at 90 degrees to the joists. It's packed up 90mm and
This one in particular I've actually had to join
My ceiling joist on this one, so we've just got them
lapped past each other running past
We've got dogs ceiling dogs on this side, and if you spin around to the other side
the other choice has got ceiling dogs on this side, so they're all holding that up and
It can up in this space. I've got another ceiling beam doing the same job
Okay, so that's pretty much all the members of my roof
It's just a quick diagram showing the purlins
Which would be holding the rafters and the struts coming down onto the Combined
Hanging Beam Strutting Beam and the Combined
Counter Beam Strutting Beam
So there you go
This is a quick look at a ceiling frame and all the different types of members that you might find in a typical ceiling frame