okay you cannot discuss joints without talking about the main clinical importance associated with
joints and that's arthritis we've all heard of arthritis we'll talk about the three main types in this
video now when you're saying arthritis is really a catch-all term it's any type of inflammation
of a joint now depending on specifically what's inflamed how it goes about being inflamed is the
the interchange in terms of the different types of arthritis so we'll talk with about the most
common one first which is osteoarthritis this is the wear and tear version of arthritis typically
you have this specific type of arthritis in older individuals it's an example of a
degenerative joint disease and what's occurring with arthritis is this cartilage remember your
articular cartilage which is on the end of the bones this is actually going to be gradually
lost so you have the actual loss of the cartilage allowing for bone on bone contact now anytime you
have bone on bone contact that leads to a lot of other things it can lead to additional erosion of
the cartilage around it any time that you have friction between the bones that will get those
osteoblasts moving faster allowing for bony spurs in the region which is what you can see here you
can see that your osteoblasts are kind of going into overdrive and you have these really painful
bony spurs that can occur here now you have you find these in larger or higher frequencies
in older individuals but in individuals that are frequent runners or athletes you can have more of
a wear and tear in those individuals so you see these this particular type of arthritis earlier
on in individuals that are strong in terms of athletics now you've probably heard the term
gout before and you probably didn't realize that this is actually a type of arthritis so this is
very similar to osteoarthritis except in terms of how it's actually formed and what can happen
is that you're going to have this crystallization of uric acid so basically individuals that have
a diet that is very high in purines will in will allow for uric acid to kind of build up
particularly in joints that are more distal of the body and this can allow for erosion of not
only the cartilage that articular cartilage but of the joint capsule itself so this can actually
be quite severe now we'll come back to the purines in just a second but I wanted to point out
the reason that this visual is showing this metatarsophalangeal joint right here is because
this is the most common area in terms of where you're going to have the presentation of gouty
arthritis now let's think about diets that are high in purines what would you have to consume
in order to have a diet high in purines so things like processed meats alcohol it's a big one you can
have some type of particularly processed seafood so to be even more specific there so individual that
individuals that have diets high in terms of deli meats alcohol will be more likely to have gouty
arthritis and that's exactly what happens you can see you have a complete breakdown in terms
of the cartilage here and a buildup of the the uric acid in that region so it can be a pretty
bad presentation you had the inflammation of that entire area now the last type of arthritis were
going to discuss is rheumatoid arthritis and this is actually an example of an autoimmune disease
so your body is actually kind of sending signals that the cartilage in the region of particular
joints there's kind of fighting that cartilage and kind of tearing it apart so the body is kind of
fighting itself as in most autoimmune diseases now rheumatoid arthritis is one of the main examples
where you see this in younger individuals as well as older individuals so most arthritis cases are
in older individuals you can find this in younger individuals and a lot of times where you see the
patient of rheumatoid arthritis or in the joints associated with the digits of the hand you can
have this almost claw-like appearance because you have the breakdown of specific components
of that joint capsule so you have that claw like appearance in terms of rheumatoid arthritis now
you can have it in other joints of the body this is just where you typically have the
more common presentation of this so those are the three main types of arthritis recall and
review that any type of inflammation of a joint is considered arthritis it's just dependent on the
particular presentation at what joints and what's causing the particular arthritis that differs