Hello, welcome everybody, this is doctor Bolad, board certified physician in cardiology,
interventional cardiology and internal medicine. If you are new to this channel,
then definitely consider hitting the subscribe button below and switch on the notification bell
so you don’t miss any new video that I post. Cardiovascular disease is a disease
of the heart and the blood vessels, and it is the number 1 cause of death globally: more people die
every year from cardiovascular disease than from any other cause. An estimated 17.9 million people
died from cardiovascular disease in 2016, representing 31% of all global deaths.
Of these deaths, 85% were due to heart attacks and strokes. In the United States, one person dies
every 36 seconds from cardiovascular disease and HEART disease is the cause of 1 in every 4 deaths.
In this video I will talk about the top 5 types of heart diseases, the types that I see daily
in the hospital and in my practice, and these are the ones that cause the majority of death.
Number One. Coronary Artery Disease. This is the disease associated with an inadequate supply of
blood to the heart muscle due to obstruction of the coronary arteries. Coronary heart disease
is the most common type of heart disease, and was the cause of death of 366 thousand
people in the United States in the year 2017. About 18.2 million adults age 20
and older have CAD. Patients may have acute (unstable) or chronic (stable) disease.
Acute disease presents as a heart attack of which there are different types. In the United States,
someone has a heart attack every 40 seconds. Every year, about 805,000 Americans have a heart attack.
About 1 in 5 heart attacks is silent—the damage is done, but the person is not aware of it. Chronic
coronary artery disease presents with exertional chest pain or exertional shortness of breath
that is relieved by rest and recurs with exertion.
Number two. Heart Failure. This occurs when the heart is damaged due to one of many causes,
and cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to support other organs in the body.
It can also occur when the heart function is normal when the heart muscle becomes
stiff due to one of many causes, leading to fluid accumulation in the lungs. Heart failure is a
serious condition, but it does not mean that the heart has stopped beating. In the United States,
about 6.2 million adults have heart failure. Heart failure presents with shortness of breath
during daily activities, trouble breathing when lying down, weight gain with swelling
in the feet, legs and ankles. It is treated by taking medicines including diuretics, reducing
sodium in the diet, drinking less liquids and getting daily physical activity.
Number 3. Atrial Fibrillation. This is irregularity of the heart beating and
belongs to a group of heart electrical conduction diseases classified as heart arrhythmias. When a
person has atrial fibrillation, the normal beating in the upper chambers of the heart is irregular,
and blood doesn’t flow as well as it should from the atria to the lower chambers of the heart,
the two ventricles. Atrial fibrillation can cause damage to the heart function,
and can lead to clots forming in the heart and then flowing to other parts of the body,
blocking blood flow, the most serious of which is blocking flow to the arteries of the brain,
leading to a stroke. In the United States, it is currently estimated that 6 million individuals
suffer from atrial fibrillation. The incidence of atrial fibrillation
increases with age. Atrial fibrillation presents with heart palpitations , lightheadedness,
fatigue, shortness of breath and sometimes chest pain. Atrial fibrillation is treated with heart
rate control medications in addition to blood thinners, and may sometimes require cardiac
procedures such as electrical cardioversion or atrial fibrillation ablation to correct it.
Number 4. Valvular Heart Disease. This occurs when any of the four valves of the heart becomes
damaged or diseased. About 2.5% of the U.S. population has valvular heart disease, but it is
more common in older adults. Different causes of valve disease include Rheumatic heart disease and
Bicuspid aortic valve, the latter is a congenital abnormality of having only two aortic valve
leaflets rather than the normal three, and it occurs in about 1% to 2% of the population. Other
causes include infection, medically known as endocarditis, in addition to congenital heart
disease, heart failure and other causes. Number 5. High Blood Pressure (also known as hypertension).
This is the pressure of blood pushing against the walls of the arteries. Arteries carry blood
from the heart to other parts of the body. Blood pressure normally rises and falls throughout
the day, but it can damage the heart and cause health problems if it stays high for a long time.
Nearly half of adults in the United States (108 million, or 45%) have hypertension
defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥ 130 mm Hg or a diastolic blood pressure ≥
80 mm Hg or are taking medication for hypertension. Only about 1 in 4 adults with
hypertension have their condition under control. Untreated hypertension leads to heart attacks,
heart failure, stroke, loss of vision, kidney failure and sexual dysfunction. Treatment
is by taking blood pressure medications to keep the blood pressure below 130/80 mmHg
If you have any questions about what I presented to you today,
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This is Doctor Bolad, helping you with your heart health, thanks for watching, and talk to you soon.