Ian Jones: So we’ve talked about the eight, or, if you want to be technical, nine parts
of speech in somewhat, a little bit of depth for each one, we’ve talked about nouns,
pronouns, adjectives, articles, verbs, adverbs, conjunctions and prepositions.
So now I have a sentence in front of me, and it contains all those parts of speech, so
what I want you to do, is in a second, I want you to pause the video and I want you, to
identify for yourself, the different parts of speech.
Okay, use whatever you want, I have a marker that I write on the board with, you can underline,
do whatever you want.
So, take a moment, and pause the video, so, PAUSE.
Okay, welcome back!
You should have paused the video and outlined the different parts of speech, I hope you
did.
Okay, so let’s do it together now.
Let’s start with nouns.
So, the angry man, it’s a noun, it’s a thing, so “The man quickly jumped over the
fence”, right, another thing, “and ripped his pants”.
Okay, so we have three nouns in the sentence: “man”, “fence” and “pants”.
Let me grab a different colour here, and let’s talk about, well, let’s go to, let’s do
the articles next.
So, when you’re looking for articles, of course, what you’re going to look for are
the nouns.
So remember, there are three articles in English: “a/an” and “the”.
So they’re never used except in conjunction with nouns.
So, look for your nouns: “man”, oh, there we go, there’s an article: “the” man.
Okay, what else?
Oh, here we go: “fence”, that’s one of our nouns: “the” fence.
Okay, now, when we look at our third noun, we don’t see “the” or “an”.
What do we see?
We see, let me grab another colour, this here: “his”.
Now what part of speech is the word “his”?
For everybody who said pronoun, you’re absolutely correct.
So, “his” is the pronoun.
“His” is replacing “man”.
So you can also write the sentence, “The angry man quickly jumped over the fence, and
ripped the man’s pants”.
That would sound terrible, and wouldn’t make sense.
So, we replace “man”, with “his”, and in this case, in this situation, it’s
the possessive pronoun.
And again, we’re going to talk about pronouns in a far greater depth in another video.
So, we’ll just leave it there for now.
So, we’ve got nouns, pronouns, article, let’s talk about adjectives.
Again, remember, adjectives describe or modify nouns.
So, look for your nouns.
Okay, what do we have?
“Angry”, so the “angry man”, this is an adjective modifying “man”.
It’s not just any man, it’s the “angry” man.
It’s a specific man.
Do we have any other adjectives?
Hmm, well, no, that’s not describing or modifying a noun, okay, we’ll come back
to that one in a minute.
Otherwise, no, that’s the only adjective we have in that sentence.
So, let’s talk about verbs.
When you’re looking at the verbs in a sentence, you just need to ask yourself, what’s happening,
what’s the action in this sentence.
So, “The angry man quickly jumped”, that’s the action.
We have a man jumping.
Where does he jump?
Well, okay, and here we go, some more action “ripped”, so these are the things that
are happening, “The angry man jumped” and “ripped” something.
So there are our verbs.
Okay, so let’s come back to this word here: “quickly”, this is an adverb describing
or modifying the action of “jumping”.
So the man didn’t just “jump” over the fence, he “quickly” jumped.
That’s probably why he ripped his pants.
He “quickly” jumped, that’s probably why he ripped his pants, he “quickly”
jumped over the fence.
If he took his time or slowly jumped over the fence or slowly walked around the fence,
he probably wouldn’t have ripped his pants.
So, “quickly” is an adverb modifying the verb.
Okay, so we’ve done our nouns, we’ve done our verbs, that takes us to our linking words.
So, remember I told you, memorize that acronym “FANBOYS”, so that’s a good way to find
conjunctions: “and”, that’s linking two parts of that sentence.
“The angry man quickly jumped over the fence”, that can be a sentence on itself, but there’s
another part “and, ripped his pants”.
Okay, so there is two things happening in this sentence, and we used the conjunction
“and” to link those two things.
Okay, now, that just leaves one word unaccounted for, so, by the process of elimination, you
should know what that is.
And, it’s not an interjection, remember, we’re not really dealing with those.
“Over”, that is a preposition.
So, it’s indicating a spatial relationship in the sentence, he jumped “over”, okay,
spatial relationship, the man jumped “over” the fence.
So it’s linking these two parts of a sentence with a spatial relationship.
So there’s the sentence mapped out for you, hopefully you had something similar.
If not, you can rewind the video, and go through the parts of speech again, or, look through
your notes, and try to get some clarification.
Thanks everybody for joining me for my videos on “Parts of Speech”.
Until next time, stay grammatical!