JUDY WOODRUFF: The Pentagon is embracing a major reform aimed
at stamping out sexual assault in the military.
Tonight, Defense Secretary Lloyd Austin is issuing a statement endorsing a change
recommended by victim advocates that would reduce commanders' influence
over the decision to prosecute service members who are accused of sexual assault.
Nick Schifrin has more.
NICK SCHIFRIN: The Pentagon estimates there could be as many as
20,000 sexual assaults in the military every year. Right now,
military commanders decide whether service members under their command should be prosecuted.
An independent commission recommended removing the chain of command from that
decision-making process. But, until tonight, the Defense Department has resisted that.
For more on Secretary Austin's endorsement of that recommendation,
we turn to retired Colonel Don Christensen, who had a 23-year career as an Air Force lawyer
and is now president of Protect Our Defenders, an advocacy group.
NICK SCHIFRIN: Don Christensen, welcome back to the "NewsHour."
How significant is this announcement?
COL. DON CHRISTENSEN (RET.), Protect Our Defenders: Well, this is huge.
This is the first time in the history of the American military that they have recognized
that they're failing at addressing sexual assault,
that it's a command issue, and that we need to take prosecution authority away from commanders.
NICK SCHIFRIN: As you well know, this has been resisted by members of the
military at the most senior levels for many years.
And I have heard the same from military members as well. What
changed? And why was that resistance overcome?
COL. DON CHRISTENSEN: Well, what's changed is, there's been a decade or more of failure.
For the last 10 years, at least, the military has promised the commanders
would address this issue, that they alone are the solution.
But the numbers have not gotten better. They have got worse. Sexual assault remains
stubbornly above 20,000 every year. The number of prosecutions and convictions have plummeted.
And then I think the death and the murder of Vanessa Guillen really highlighted
the problems that men and women are facing in the military when it comes to getting justice.
NICK SCHIFRIN: This recommendation applies for questions or prosecution of sexual assault,
harassment, as well as domestic abuse.
There is congressional legislation that calls for the removal of the chain of
command for all felonies. Is that distinction important?
COL. DON CHRISTENSEN: Well, it's important, in the sense that we recommend -- we have
to remember the IRC did not look at anything beyond those issues.
So, we should take...
(CROSSTALK)
NICK SCHIFRIN: The independent commission, the IRC.
COL. DON CHRISTENSEN: Right. The independent commission did not look at other issues,
such as murder and armed robbery.
But I think it's not in it's not inconsistent with
what Senator Gillibrand and Representative Speier have been pushing in both houses,
to have all felony level cases taken outside the chain of command.
NICK SCHIFRIN: And the statement from Secretary Austin tonight says that
they will work with Congress to reform the rules.
As you mentioned before, the number of prosecutions is a fraction of the number
of cases, or believed cases. Is this likely to increase the number of prosecutions?
COL. DON CHRISTENSEN: Well, I believe it will.
Prosecuting and understand how to prosecute sexual assault
is a complex area. It takes somebody years as a prosecutor to understand
the best way to evaluate evidence, the best cases to bring forward.
The current system of having commanders decide, being advised by generalists,
JAGs simply is not getting the right cases to trial. I think this will be a cultural shift.
And it'll be a legal shift that results in more people going to trial and more convictions.
NICK SCHIFRIN: And that cultural shift, that legal shift, I'm wondering if you
could respond to what many commanders argue in the past, which is that they
and only they are the best people to judge what is happening in their units.
COL. DON CHRISTENSEN: Well, you have to understand
that the vast majority commanders do not have prosecution authority anyway.
The ability to send a felony level case is vested in just a small fraction of commanders. There are
14,500 commanders. Only about 140 actually send cases to felony level courts.
The other thing you have to remember is that the senior JAGs that are going to be making
these decisions or career military officers who have served in units, who understand
what a unit is facing. They're officers just as much as a commander is.
NICK SCHIFRIN: Don Christensen tonight on a major
announcement from Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin.
Don Christensen, thank you very much.
COL. DON CHRISTENSEN: Thank you for having me.