All right last but not least in terms of the osteology we're going to talk about the foot and
here we have an articulated foot that includes tarsal bones metatarsals and phalanges and you
have a very similar organization as to what you had in the hand in the wrist but instead of eight
carpal bones like we had in the wrist we're going to have seven tarsal bones but in comparison these
are considerably larger and that has a lot to do with the amount of weight that's going to be
on these bones at all times so even when you're sitting you still have weight there and of course
when you're standing or locomoting so let's talk about the tarsal bones first and I'm going to turn
to a medial view so you can get a better view of the two largest bones the most superior of your
tarsal bones is your talus or your talus bone this is what's really forming the ankle joint so you'll
have your tibia right here you would have your medial malleolus of your tibia here and the fibula
right here to form that hinge joint that occurs at the ankle or your talocrural joint so that's going
to be the most superior one here then in terms of right below it you have your calcaneus this is
the largest of your tarsal bones a lot of times we refer to this bone as the heel bone because
this is this portion right here it's really what you're standing on when you're standing on your
heel your Achilles tendon or your calcaneal tendon is actually going to attach right about in this
region okay so those are two of the tarsal bones and then you're going to have five others you'll
have your navicular which is kind of ship ship-shaped that's what what it gets its name from your
cuboid right here and then you're gonna have three cuneiforms you'll have your medial intermediate
and lateral cuneiform and sometimes you hear these referred to as first second and third
cuneiforms now I'm going to turn this back to a medial view and I want you to see that with these
bones they're organized in a way to give what we refer to as arches so arches are important
in terms of the spring that you have in your step and particularly your talus calcaneus and
these more posterior tarsal bones your navicular as well as your cuboid are really playing a role
in terms of forming those arches okay like we had in the hand you had metacarpals in the palm
region we're gonna have metatarsals in the foot region and you can see that the first
metatarsal is going to be the most robust or the thickest second third fourth and fifth metatarsal and
I'm going to turn this to a lateral view now and you have a styloid process associated with your
fifth metatarsal and you're going to have muscles attaching here fibularis muscles that if you have
some type of tear in that tendon it can cause for this region to become avulsed or torn off so
a fairly common injury there now let's think about in terms of the organization of digits we organize
them from 1st through 5th if you think about in terms of the hand your first digit is associated
with your thumb and recall that your thumb is going to be laterally placed so 1st 2nd 3rd 4th
5th alright but that's going to be different in the foot the first digit is associated with your
big toe or your great toe similar to what we're thinking about with the thumb but think about
is that going to be medial or lateral your big toe is going to be medial so your first digit
is going to be medial 2nd 3rd 4th and then their 5th it's going to be the most lateral now you're
gonna have phalanges and you're gonna have the same amount of phalanges 14 phalanges similar to
what you had in the thumb you're only going to have a proximal and a distal phalanges for your
first digit no intermediate whereas you have a proximal intermediate and distal phalanges
4 digits 2 through 4 now in comparison you can see that these the phalanges are not quite as
robust not full as fully developed as what you have in terms of the hand which is not true for
the metatarsals you can see these are fairly long in comparison to what you had in the metacarpals