Asslam-o-Alikum and welcome back to orange shots
today when we already have nuclear weapons
we have nuclear energy
we have atomic power houses
we don't really think much about nuclear reactions
fission or fusion
but once there was a time
when scientists thought that we can never harness the
when scientists thought that we can never harness the nuclear power by fission or fusion reactions
Robert A. Milikane said in 1928 that
there is no chance on the basis of which we can harness the power of an atom
and he also said that
All of you thinking of utilizing atomic energy when our coal and other energy resources will be run out.
it's like an unscientific utopian tree
Rutherford said that in 1933
Every person who thinks that by harnessing atomic energy
we can make it a source of energy
he is talking moonshine
Now here you can think that why so many big scientists gave such statements
Why did they said all of that ?
they have reasons for such statements
when Becquerel discovered radio activity first time
he thought that radio activity is simmilar to Phosphorescence
in the process of Phosphorescence any type of light or rays
falls on the surface of anything it absorbs it
and then re radiates it
this phenomenon is called as Phosphorescence
This was the concern of scientists for a long time, especially Becquerel, who discovered radio activity.
that radio activity is very simmilar to Phosphorescence
uranium ore also reacts like that
as you can see in this video when uv light is shined on uranium ore
it reradiates the light in the form of visible light spectrum
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remember that visible light spectrum is such spectrum which we can see wirh our eyes
UV light lies in a non visible light spectrum
in 1896 Bacquerel did experiments
in which he placed uranium ore on the top of a wraped photographic film
expose it to sunlight and develope it on a paper
despite the fact that the photographic film is wraped the image of uranium ore was printed on it
one day when the weather of Paris was not good there was raining
Bacqueler placed a peice of uranium ore on photographic film and placed it in a drawer
if this is phosphorescence it needs a source of light to get exposed on photo graphic film
without any reason he brought the photographic film out of the drawer and developed it
and he surprised when the ore is exposed on photographic film
if this was phosphorescence it needs a source of light from which it absorbs and rerediate the radiation
uranium ore and photographic film was placed inside the drawer and how it is exposed
How? no one know from where the energy is coming and exciting these atom by which they are exposed on photographic film
and if we imagine this for sometime that the ore is emmiting energy itself . from where ore got this energy ?
seemingly this ore of uranium violating the law of conservation of energy
this story became the mystery for the world since
einstein presented the theory of E=MC square
when this theory was presented there can be a reason
that there is a mass of an atom which is converting into energy and then to radiation which is exposing the photographic film
e is equals to mc sqaure says that energy can be converted into mass and mass can be converted into energy
in this all theory the only constant is C square which is speed of light
now with the presentation of this theory it seems quite possible
if an atom is radiating energy with any reason
then it can expose a photographic film
the second meaning of this theory is that if the smallest particle of an atom is converted into energy it can emit alot of energy
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we are able of converting mass into energy that we are doing in atom bomb and nuclear power plant
but we are not able to convert energy back to the mass yet
keep in mind that neutron was not discovered on that time
on that time scientist used alpha particals to excite the atom that are protons
the problem with proton is atom have both protons and electrons
when you fire a proton to an atom the protons in nucleus reprlls
when it repells it come back you need to have massive power and force behind the nucleus
which strikes a nucleus and destablize it that's where nutrons were discovered
i mean neutrons they have no charge on them they don't have positive either negative charge
it seems quite inocent
then the neutron is the one who caused the nuclear physics to develope
second world war was almost started and at that time scientists started working on
if we can be able to split an atom it can release such a massive amount of energy that can produce a very deadly weapon
at that time there was a scientist his name was Zalar he thought if we use neutrons
and somehow neutron enters the nucleus of an atom in the result the mass of nucleus get unstable
as a result he will be able to get two neutrons and again enter these two and a chain reaction starts by this a weapon can be made
all this theory and opposition led to the man haton project
in case of nuclear weapon it is an uncontrolled reaction you only need to excite one atom and a chain reaction start which can couse a massive destruction
producing energy in nuclear power pla nt is like balancing something on a tip of a knife
you need to absorb neutrons if you absorb too much neutrons your power plant will be shut down
if you let it run wild you are converting your power plant into an atomic bomb
you may say that Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
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now the story is world war was still on
Germany has already surrendered the one who is not surrendering is Japan
Germany surrendered unconditionally and Japan is also forced to surrender as same
but Japan is not ready to surrender
in this war the project that is center staged at the last was Manhaton Project
Manhaton project was that by which America is successful in droping polonium and uranium based fat man and little boy on Japan
people who supports this operation usally say that by droping these bombs on japan the ended up early and most of the lives were saved
but personally i do not agree with any kind of that stuff
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in the dead silence on the morning on 5 29 45 mountain war time the hornada delmerto based in an intense flash of light that a man had seen only in stars
if we go into the base of Manhaton projects it is clear that
Albert Einstein was one of the people who helped the president of that time to write a letter suggesting to work on atomic bomb
the man who pushed Einstein to write a letter was Leo Szulard he was a sceintist and physicist
he was the first who presented the theory that if we bombard atomic particles with neutrons
if they are already unstable by this nuclear energy not just released
this energy can be massive enough to destroy such big cities
when this letter reaches on the desk of president When it was already feared that Germany was building an atomic bomb
However, when this letter reached the President, he thought that we have such capable scientists who can make such a bomb before Germany.
this is where manhaton projects started
Manhaton was the project in which America decided that the atom bomb was made.
Manhaton project kept on going for years many experiments were made
Uranium and plutonium were two promising wares that could be bombarded with the help of neutrons. and may be nuclear bomb was made
Work was done on both theories and when the time came for the result
The day the first atomic bomb was tested, everyone realized that these things were more scary than they thought.
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But by this time the whole project had gone out of the hands of the scientists and went to the military.
as usuall military wanted a win
The idea of ​​the President at that time was that they had a weapon that can end the war quickly
when you have a hammer the only problem you see is nail
You think that you will hit your mind with a hammer and the nail will go inside. that is exactly the same happening with USA
we are now prepared to destroy more rapidly and completely
any productive enterprise and any japenese city
we shall destroy their docs there factories and there communication
all they wanted was win
there be no mistake we shall destroy Japan's power to met war
in 1945 five targets were selected target commitee selected five targets
first was kekura
second was hiroshima third was yokohama
fourth was nikata and fifth was kioto
Henry finally agreed for the time to put kioto out of the list
on 25 july 1945 kioto was replaced by Nagasaki in this list
The target committee had to say that when they are selecting this target, they have two things in mind.
Firstly, when this bombing is done, its cyclological impact should be good.
Japans needs to think multiple times to take this decision of surrender
Secondly, when the bomb falls on the top of the population, its impact will be so spectacular that it will force the world to say that what a weapon america has
Leaflets are dropped from place to place on Japan before the actual attack of the atomic bomb.
the names of 7 to 8 japenese cities were mentioned on this leaflet
and on the backside of the leaflet it is prominantly written that
we did not promise you that only these cities will be destroyed
approximately 63 million leaflets were dropped before bombing to inform people that America will not stop bombing
on 26 july 1945 leaders of Allied forces issue an ultimatum to surrender
in this they clearly mentioned if japan doesnt surrender they will attack on japan
they will destroy their forces and totally devastate there cities
and completery destroy their homeland in this whole statement atom bomb was not mentioned
the ultimatam of july 26 was issued on past day
their leaders rejected the ultimatum
if they do not now accept our terms they may expect the rain of ruins from the sky
like of which never seen on the earth before
The prime minister of japan of that time Suzuki said
japenese government completely interns and kills this statement with silence means they ignore their declaration
For dropping atomic bombs on the japan america has deployed B-29 super fortress air crafts in mariana islands
on 6 august 1945 first atomic bomb called little boy is diployed on hiroshima by b-29 aircraft
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after three days b-29 aircraft dropped another atomic bomb based on plotonium on nagasaki called fat man
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after 2-3 months of bombing 150000 died in hiroshima and 80,000 died in nagasaki
the half of them were died on the day of bomb blast in hiroshima and nagasaki
in the result of this and in the fear of being attacked on other japenese cities japan has surrendered on 15 august 1945 in front of allied forces
on 2 september 1945 japan has signed the instrument of surrender physically which means war has ended
keep in mind that if japan did not surrender on 15 august another atom bomb should be dropped on another city of japan by 18 aug which was ready on the aircraft which was another fatman bomb
bottom line is that the emperor of japan Hirohito
he took this decision himself that they'll surrender against Allied forces
on 19 august 1945 the hero of japan on that time announced publically that he surrendered against allied forces due to bombing
when bombs were dropped on hiroshima and nagasaki this was the first time atomic bombs are dropped on civil population
and till the effects of those bombs are there in japan
and that's the how america decided to end the world war 2
take a lot of care of yourself - remember me in your prayers
with tons of love to my Orange Shots family
to be Orange Shots this is me Zahid Nisar
ALLAH HAFIZ