So we've been talking about ignorance.
"Not tamed by the sharp hooks of mindfulness and vigilance, dulled by the maddening liquor
of sensual pleasures, it enters wrong paths and shows its harmful tusks--the elephant
of ignorance, please protect us from this danger."
So we were talking yesterday about the two kinds of ignorance: the one that doesn't know
the ultimate nature and then the ignorance about conventional reality which is mostly
the ignorance of cause and effect. Karma and its results.
So we talked about the first two lines--how when we don't have mindfulness and introspective
awareness then the ignorance just takes over and it's like we are deadened--or maddened--by
the liquor of sensual pleasures. The mind is just off chasing them thinking that sensual
pleasures are really going to make us happy. And we're so hooked into the objects of the
five senses--we think they really exist, they're external, they exist in the way they appear
to us, and if we only have these things, that's going to do it. And so we keep chasing after
them and it doesn't do it. Doesn't cut it.
So what happens instead, the ignorance makes us "enter wrong paths" and it "shows its harmful tusks."
So entering wrong paths--you know, when we don't have the correct understanding of how
karma and its effects works, then we don't realize that our actions have an ethical dimension.
Or even if we think they have an ethical dimension, we link up things in the wrong way. For example:
If we were to think that animal sacrifice would please the gods and please the Buddhas,
then that's an example of ignorance. Or thinking that if we kill other people to get rid of
all the non-believers that that would be good for he Dharma, then that's an example of ignorance.
And so what happens is we enter those wrong paths--there's the ignorance and the wrong
views--and then the negative actions of killing that come from that.
Or if we think that, "Well, all of these corporations have all this money, so if I cheat them out
of a little bit of money, actually it's quite all right. They can afford it." You know?
It's still stealing, no matter what we think. Or if you think that, "Oh well, this person's
so lonely, so destitute, if I have sex with them they'll feel better about themselves
and they'll feel loved..." You know, that's unwise sexual conduct, but you know many people
dream up all sorts of reasons to validate their bad behavior. Yes? Unfortunately, those
many people are US. [Laughter]
But we always have reasons to establish why our mistaken actions are actually really something
good. And we invent all sorts of philosophies and stories and, you know, "it's really for
the benefit of sentient beings... I'm really trying to help this person and it's for their
own benefit..." Actually what we're trying to do is kind of up our ego, or control other
people, but you know, we can't see any of it, so we just think, "Oh, I'm doing something good."
So this is all ignorance of karma, actions--our actions and the motivations for our actions--and
then the effects that these actions are going to bring; not only in this life, but also in future lives.
And sometimes we only wake up when there's some kind of problem in this life. And then
we'll go, "Oh, boy, I really made a mess." But we're not even thinking what kind of karma
did I create for future lives. You know, it's only because we got in trouble this life that
we begin to even think about things. Whereas, we could have been going along the whole time
making all sorts of problems for future lives, and never even recognizing it. And even at
this time, not even recognizing it.
And so then our way to resolve our ignorant actions is to patch it up this lifetime somehow--to
protect ourselves--but we don't even think of purifying the imprints of the negative
karma we've created. So that's more ignorance.
[Addresses audience] You were wrinkling your brow. Do you have a question?
[Audience]: I was wondering, actually, if--since we can't see the effects of our actions in
future lives, and it's difficult to gain an understanding of karma in general without
screwing up and experiencing negative results in this very life, how can we gain faith in
[Ven Chodron]: [Laughter] Okay, in lieu of screwing up, how do we get faith in karma?
Well, I think just even watching--in this lifetime, before we screw up--how our actions
bring results. You know? And then stretching our minds so instead of just thinking they
only bring results in this lifetime, think they're going to bring results in future lifetimes,
too. Because, after all, right now we're experiencing a lot of experiences. Do we ever wonder why
these things are happening to us? "Why does this happen to me? Well it's somebody else's
fault!" Well, sorry, it's not. We created the causes to be in this situation. And even
our pleasant experiences, why do we have them? Are they because god did it or some other
deity gave us some boon? No. It's because we created the cause--very often, in previous
lives. And so just by thinking about cause and effect, but don't limit it to the birth
and death of this life, but go before our birth and after our death to see how ethical
cause and effect functions.