so when i put it on there i found that the ipm can actually like the mold
or the the powdery mildew can totally go away and the leaves can come back without with very
minimal damage right my whole goal in terms of of growing a can that is more resistant to
powdery mildew is to grow the healthiest possible plant the plant loves nitrate nitrogen all plants
love it it actually takes a plant a lot of energy to use and consume nitrate nitrogen but the more
you give it the more it'll take if the plant gets overly stressed the powdery mildew gets stressed
and then decides to hey my host is going to die i better you know produce a whole bunch
of offspring and and and live what are some of the best foliar sprays for ipm
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what bacterias and fungi are are best for ibm and on foil foliar sprays um sorry for for um
for um integrated pest management yeah like pm and botrytis and just kind of like coating your
coating like coating your your plant with living uh bacteria so nothing else can take
host and then also making sure that they don't fail bacteria testing at the end of their grow
ah because i think those two are very in play and playing combination right now
where they want to work with bacteria they want to fight off the pm and the other stuff because
that's one way of failing but are the testing that that they are testing for is that are they
also testing for the microbial life that we're putting on there to help fight them right and
and um and of course that that will vary state by state um and and of course here in canada um
we with it with the regulated industry there's there's only certain um um full your bio
pesticides that you're that you're allowed to use anyway um and because because of that right so for
example we we can't use serenade serenade is a uh bacillus pumilus um because if we did i think
that would end up failing uh one of our microbials so it's not it's not approved for canopy in canada
uh where i believe in california you are allowed to use bacillus pimulus or or serenade maybe it's
serenade i i'm not sure i i don't want bioworks to get upset with me no you're correct it's serenade
and i've i've actually found that product to be too strong if they don't use it in a tea with it
with other living bacteria and fungi i've found that i found that to to be the case a few times
so what do you mean by too too strong well okay so again i'm a grower i'm not a scientist so i
i i go off visual experience and i'm like hey that [ __ ] works go with it right arguably i
do my science the same way okay so what i have found is that when i have pm and i'm using a
living bacteria the right because i go back in the back of the bacterias i actually look at them and
i see what they're actually being used for and i find one for in a for my pm or for my problem
and so what i found is that when i use a more array of the ones that maybe i don't know if
they meant to it but just because they're in the back of the ball the same similar ones are used
for soil can also be used for ipm on some of the brands out there so and all of them are different
some of them are different some are the same so when i put it on there i found that the that the
ipm can actually like the mold or the powdery mildew can totally go away and the leaves can
come back without with very minimal damage right and then again the serenade why i found
using it just a one bacteria spraying it on the plant at the recommended dose at times it just
seems to dry it all out and then it kill it like just kills it instantly so i've i've experienced
being able to recover the plant and bring the the leaf almost completely back to life versus using a
like law minimum lab tolerance example using only of one and two much it seems to kill it does the
job but it also seems to also really it it won't you know it hurts the plan as well because the
i've found that the leaf can actually come back from damage right so what do you think about that
um so you know i'm gonna i'm gonna step back and i'm actually gonna step back to
the the topic of minerals before we really you know get back to truly answering your question um
so for me the foundation of integrated pest management um is is nutrition and and
and i i will always equate that the whole root system is a parallel to our own digestive system
and our digestive system is is really the the foundation of our own immune system
so so it's really important to recognize the roots are very similar to our digestive system and the
roots are the foundation of a plant's immune system so what what my my whole goal in terms of
of growing a can that is more resistant to powdery mildew is to grow the healthiest possible plant
right so it seems it seems like you know counter-intuitive of course if your plant's
healthy it's it doesn't have pm well it doesn't have pm because you grew out of with good health
and and so good health it really comes down to a lot of times having the right environmental
conditions right so we we need to you know if it's if you're growing indoors of course you need to
have your vapor pressure deficit to be appropriate so that you are getting good transpiration
transpiration is the really the only way that we can bring proper nutrition into the plant and in
particular uh calcium so calcium is so uh critical to to making sure that you get a healthy plant
because then you know calcium will form calcium pectate which forms that that hard cell wall
and uh and then and then making sure that you're feeding the right amount of nitrogen
you feed too much nitrogen uh and in particular in forms like nitrate nitrogen
the plant loves nitrate nitrogen all plants love it uh it's chocolate you could definitely get all
your whole caloric intake eating chocolate but it isn't good for you it actually takes a plant a lot
of energy to use and consume nitrate nitrogen but the more you give it the more it'll take
what happens when you take too much to nitrate nitrogen you get thinner cell walls you actually
have more water uptake into the plant cell wall all of that is a magnet to powdery mildew and
and it's really important to recognize that powdery mildew is ubiquitous that means
it's it's everywhere right um you won't fail a microbial test because you have powdery
mildew you will produce shitty tasting weed if you've got powdery mildew but you won't fail
microbial test because because uh everyone recognizes that powdery mildew's everywhere
but if you've got a healthy plant if you've got a healthy plant with really strong
cell walls if you've got a healthy plant because you've been feeding it a well-balanced nutrition
where the plant can dictate what it wants to eat when it wants to eat it
um you know full well that when you grow a plant in and i'm gonna pick on hydroponics
only because most hydroponics plants i see they haven't been given all of the other stuff
in terms of they haven't been given the microbes they haven't been able to get a lot of the trace
minerals at times um and you grow a plant in living soil they look very different
and and you can see it in the color of the leaf you can see it in the thickness of the leaf um if
you've if you're optimizing your photosynthesis you're able to produce almost a waxy layer
on that leaf surface all of these things make it really hard for powdery mildew spores to both
penetrate into the leaf surface and or survive when they're on the leaf surface let alone a
healthy plant if infected by powdery mildew if it can maintain its health for the for the
duration of the life cycle the plant that powdery mildew will choose not to sporulate right because
it's a healthy plant powdery mildew plants are all plants are often affected by powdery mildew
but you don't see the spores because the plant isn't in stress if the plant gets overly stressed
the powdery mildew gets stressed and then decides to hey my host is going to die i
better i better you know produce a whole bunch of offspring and and and live so the key to
addressing powdery mildew for the first part is making sure you've got an incredibly healthy
healthy plant with mineral nutrition and the right environmental conditions now secondly i
mean we have most of our clients who are using living soil do not spray they don't use foliar
they actually don't use foliar feeds they don't use uh any any bio pesticides but there are some
bio pesticides that definitely work and if you're looking at microbial bio pesticides for the most
part the ones that we would recommend actinovate is one that um i believe is uh streptomyces
um mark you're gonna check you're gonna validate these right uh but i think activate is one that we
use i think it's a streptomyces um then um then uh i cyclone uh cyclone is a uh a fermented uh lactic
acid and uh regalia which is a i believe it's a fermented japanese knotweed those would be the
main bio and and sorry and there's like variations of that uh like uh instead of instead of um
cyclone i think lactosan is another one um i hate i hate dropping names because i'm sure i'm gonna
leave some off um but those are those are some of the bio pesticides that are typically used
um to address powdery mildew you can uh of course you know our oftentimes our first step
is you know nutrition of course but if we're going to use something
some people like sulfur i'm not a big fan of using vaporized sulfur um but others will use
oils so you can use a mineral oil or a canola oil or something like that uh you can use
that as a as a bit of a suffocate never use sulfur and oil at a disaster um and then um
i i guess hydrogen peroxide we have a product called xeritol or you probably use xeritol or
have zero tall xeritol is a is a product that can be used to help treat a little bit of early on
in fact a lot of people use just even at the time of harvest although it's not permitted as a
pesticide i know that people use hypochlorous acid uh it seems to have a lot of benefit in terms of
really can kind of um cleaning up that plant and controlling a small amount of powdery mildew
and then last lastly a lot of a lot of folks will use potassium bicarbonate
mill stop as a as a powdery mildew
it's so important to recognize that um the the soil is is so incredibly dynamic
that within seconds you can have species that are turning off
and species that are turning on and once again thanks to all the work that elaine ingham did to
highlight this we now know that there's there's thousands and thousands of different species