cells are alive as you can see in this
video of a single cell protist
in order to stay alive cells have
organelles that work together these
organelles are similar to our own organs
that work together to Keep Us Alive
welcome to MooMoo Math and Science and
the organelles of a cell
to begin with there are two major types
of cells
prokaryotes which are found in the
kingdom are Kia and bacteria and
eukaryotes which are found in fungi
animals protists and plants
prokaryotes have no nucleus or
membrane-bound organelles I remember
this by saying Pro rhymes with no for no
nucleus
eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and
has membrane-bound organelles let's take
a look at the major organelles of a
eukaryotic cells and their functions
up first is the cell membrane the cell
membrane is a membrane that surrounds
the cell this membrane allows certain
things to enter and exit the cell
think of it as a protective barrier
cytoplasm is a jelly-like fluid that
fills up the cell
think of the water that fills up a water
balloon without cytoplasm the cell would
be deflated and materials would not be
able to pass easily from one organelle
to another
in addition there are important
molecules dissolved in the cytoplasm you
will find enzymes glucose amino acids
and several more and these are used to
help keep the cell working properly
the cytoskeleton as the name implies is
the skeleton of the cell the
cytoskeleton of a cell is a network of
filaments running throughout the cell
these filaments have different jobs in
the cell they help Provide support much
like your skeleton they also provide
tracks or highways for the movements of
vesicles and other objects they help
pull the chromosomes apart during
mitosis and sometimes even help the
cells move
ribosomes are tiny protein factories
they receive instructions from the DNA
and converts this information into a
chain of amino acids which becomes a
protein each type of protein has a
different chain of amino acids
next we have the nucleus and it's the
location of the genetic material and DNA
of a cell it sends out instructions to
other organelles much like the ribosomes
the rough endoplasmic reticulum or rough
ER is involved in protein production and
transporting proteins it is the location
of many ribosomes which makes it look
rough
it takes these proteins created by the
ribosomes and it sometimes may modify
these proteins and then packages them
into a vesicle and sends it out to the
Golgi apparatus
smooth ER which is smooth because it
does not have ribosomes produces lipids
which are fats plus helps to detoxify
the cell
the mitochondria it's the PowerHouse of
the cell it creates this energy by
taking glucose plus oxygen and makes the
energy molecule ATP
vacuoles are organelles that store
materials like water and other materials
you got to have storage
lysosomes which are created at the Golgi
apparatus they contain enzymes that help
break down waste materials and digest
materials in the cell like bacteria
speaking of the Golgi apparatus the Goji
apparatus modifies and sends out
proteins and lipids into the cell it
receives these proteins modifies them
tags them and then sends them either
into the cytoplasm or maybe to the cell
membrane where they are released out of
the cell
now chloroplasts which are found only in
plants and are the site of
photosynthesis at the chloroplast carbon
dioxide water and sunlight are combined
to create sugar and then the sugar is
used at the mitochondria to produce
energy and another structure found only
in plants at the cell wall it is a rigid
layer made of cellulose that surrounds
the cell the plant cell and gives the
plant cell structure there we go the
organelles of a eukaryotic cell thanks
for watching and remember kindness
multiplies kindness be kind to someone
today