(dramatic music)
- Oh,
(hand grenade exploding)
(fire crackling)
- Ah! - Oh my gosh, okay.
One-on-one confrontations,
what goes up must come down,
and the things that go boom.
(bomb exploding) - Boom.
- Today, we are breaking down, and reacting to,
all of the action-packed medical scenes,
and damaging injuries,
from the stealth action video game
"Metal Gear Solid."
Let's dive right in.
(bomb exploding)
Oh.
The most common that occur with blast injuries,
are typically like an eardrum rupture.
The eardrum actually pops.
Typically when that happens, it's a lot of pain.
They're highly innervated, there's lots of nerves,
and sometimes you can have some bleeding.
Most of the time these will heal on their own.
If they don't, we have something called tympanoplasty done,
where they actually use fascia and make a new eardrum.
- [Mission Instructor] You completed your objectives.
Now get out of the hot zone.
(gunshot blasting)
- Shot to the knee, lateral aspect.
We see some slow-mo blood splatter.
There's some major blood vessels behind the knee
that runs to your femoral artery that's in your groin,
and then it traverses back behind the femur,
and then goes into the popliteal fossa,
which is basically the space behind the knee.
If you hit that, you can actually cause a lot of bleeding.
(car crushing)
Oh yeah, crushed by the car.
So, you don't see too many people
getting cars landing on them,
more often do we see people who get hit by cars,
and there's a lot of trauma that occurs to that.
Fractures, dislocations, hematomas,
contusions and cranial bleeding,
and unfortunately people succumb to a lot of these injuries.
If you're inside a vehicle and it flips over,
bounces around, and you're not seat-belted,
I've seen lots of people come in
where they've been thrown to the car,
they were found a hundred feet, 200 feet from the wreckage.
Wearing an eye patch.
We actually end up putting eye patches on people
in the emergency department.
We refer to the eyeball itself as the globe.
Sometimes if there's a globe injury,
or if somebody has like an arc burn,
and there's a lot of inflammation to the eye,
we actually want their eye to remain shut,
so we'll give them an eye patch.
Oh, come on.
- Come on.
- Different objects do fall from buildings.
You gotta be really careful when you're in a major city
and there's construction around.
Things can fall,
and things from that height
could actually land and kill somebody.
Now getting crushed like this,
obviously we will worry about fractures,
crush injuries, dislocations,
and a lot of times if it's that heavy of a weight
and it hits you,
there's not much to do.
Oh.
(Molotov exploding)
(fire crackling)
- Ah
- Oh my gosh, okay.
Fire
♪ Fire ♪
- Fire injuries we see very often.
We actually, thank goodness,
don't see anybody that comes in on fire
in the emergency department,
but we see clothes that might be melted to the skin.
We see people have an significant amount of blisters.
You know, in a weird way,
pain to a burn area is actually a good thing.
That means you still have nerve receptors to that area.
- I don't want my pain taken away.
I need my pain.
(knife slashing)
- Oh, right side of the neck.
Couple of different things that could happen here.
You can use the blade to lacerate the carotid artery,
or jugular vein.
The jugular vein is about twice the size and diameter
of the carotid.
Different individuals have different sizes,
and it also has to do with hydration status.
If you're more hydrated,
the jugular vein will actually be bigger,
just 'cause you have more volume.
- [Game Character] Fire.
(gunshot blasting)
- Whoa.
Pretty good shot.
Head injury.
- Oh, man shot.
- If somebody's typically healthy,
you can actually have the body still be alive,
but without any brain function,
if it's hit in a certain area.
Obviously we know that a brain does
a lot of different things,
and different areas of the brain have different roles.
If you miss certain areas of the brain,
you'll would be able to have those functioning.
He jumps outta this like two-story lookout.
No problem.
Doesn't even do like the parkour,
like fall and roll.
- Parkour.
- He compresses down and then stays low.
Pretty impressive.
Obviously, if you have good mechanics
and you've done it before, your body can handle it.
I've said multiple times, three times your height,
it's a major trauma.
Now, I'm not saying a major trauma occurs.
If you injure yourself, significant injuries could occur
(fist punching)
Oh.
A single punch to somebody's face, knocking them out,
that could happen.
You increase the risk of breaking your own hand,
as well as somebody's facial bones.
When you do that, you have a higher risk
of fracturing your fourth and fifth metacarpal
aka boxer's fracture.
I've seen people come into the emergency department,
and a month later they're like,
"oh yeah, I punched the wall,
and now my hand hurts a little bit."
And you look and it's already had a fracture.
So if people can handle the pain,
you worry about functionality thereafter.
(laughing)
(Molotov exploding)
(fire crackling)
What?
When people get burn injuries like that,
the biggest thing you worry about,
outside of the burn itself,
is the hypoxia,
the asphyxiation,
where you're not actually able to get air in.
The air is being taken away basically
by the surrounding fire.
And then the other is you're breathing in smoke,
and you're breathing in the heat,
and the flames that are potentially with that,
meaning they're burning the mucosal membranes,
the inside.
(knife slashing)
Oh, there again, same.
Whoa.
It looked like the blade was placed quite anterior,
so right down midline.
There are blood vessels there.
The bigger blood vessels are actually more lateral.
There is a blood vessel that does sit on that area
that can cause an significant amount of bleeding,
but typically not as much bleeding as that depicted.
If that happens to you,
please compress the area as best you can.
(electricity crackling)
What?
- What?
- It depicted electrical energy,
or it looked like somebody was being electrocuted,
or hit by lightning.
People usually get hit with AC current, alternating current,
versus DC current, direct current.
Direct currents, like a lightning bolt,
versus AC currents, usually more like appliances,
causes flexion injuries,
so you actually flex on and hold.
It also causes burning to the tissue,
and travel through your nerves.
The thing we worry about,
is that it actually hits your heart,
causing heart arrhythmias, dysrhythmias,
and go into cardiac arrest.
(dog barking)
(body part crushing)
Whoa, that was cool.
We see animal bites often in the emergency departments.
Animal bites are dirty wounds with punctures.
We typically treat them with prophylactic antibiotics.
If there's a lot of tissue destruction, just depends,
sometimes you need to go to the operating room
to get it washed out and partially closed.
If there's puncture wounds,
we try to clean them out as best as possible.
You'll leave them open
to allow any type of microorganisms to flow out,
versus lock them in, when you suture them closed.
Another topic they're bring up is rabies.
Obviously if you get rabies and it's not treated,
you're going to die.
Rabies are more often skunks, foxes,
those types of size animals,
not typically super small and not super large.
People come in a lot of time with stray dog bites,
and are worried about rabies.
Typically in the United States, that doesn't occur.
You can get a rabies vaccination,
which is typically four shots.
(Molotov exploding)
(fire crackling) Oh, another burn injury.
- Burn.
- I don't know what type of clothing they have in this game,
but it goes up immediately in flames.
Pretty sure military clothing
does not go up in flames super easy.
Correct me if I'm wrong, out there.
Once it does, go stop, drop and roll, pat it out.
Anything we can to get the flames to stop.
Obviously if you have wounds, cover them up.
If it's not an open wound,
and the underlying tissue's not exposed,
you don't need to do anything.
But if it's open, it's not necessarily infected yet,
so you don't necessarily need to put
topical antibiotic ointment on it,
but you do need to put hydrating ointment on the tissue
to help it heal faster.
Metal Gear Solid.
Cool game, actually.
I really enjoyed the graphics.
There are definitely medical scenes
that are good to talk about what occurs,
and then what would actually happen,
and what you would do in a situation
where you might have access to medical care.
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Thank you so much for watching,
and stay healthy my friends.